Axilla

This presentation describes anatomically the axilla & its structures

Transcript

1. Axilla (Page 48)
4. Dr.Sherif Fahmy
6. Boundaries of Axilla
7. Apex - Triangular (cervico-axillary canal). - Direction: upward and medially. - Boundaries: - Anterior: Back of clavicle. - Posterior: Upper border of scapula. - Medially: Outer border of 1st rib. - Structures passing: Axillary vesseles, brachial plexus and lymph vessels.
8. Dr.Sherif Fahmy
9. Medial 2/3 of clavicle Upper border of scapula Outer border of 1st rib Apex
10. Base (Floor) - Formed by: (from below upwards) 1- Skin. 2- Superficial fascia. 3- Deep fascia which is perforated by tail of breast and gives attachment to suspensory ligament of axilla. - Direction of base: downwards
11. Dr.Sherif Fahmy
13. Walls 1- Anterior: formed of 2 layers: - Superficial: Pectoralis major m. - Deep: Subclavius m. Pectoralis minor m and clavi- pectoral fascia. - Its lower border is called anterior axillary fold and formed of pectoralis major m. 2- Posterior: formed of 3 muscles: - Subscapularis m., Teres major and latissimus dorsi m. - Its lower border is called posterior axillary fold and formed of folded latissimus dorsi around teres major muscle. N.B. Anterior axillary fold is higher than posterior axillary fold.
14. 3- Lateral: formed of biceps brachii , coracobrachialis and bicipital groove. It is the narrowest and most serious. 4- Medial: Formed of upper 4 ribs with upper 4 digitation of serratus anterior m. It is the largest wall.
16. Anterior Wall
17. Pectoralis major m. Axilla Subclavius m. Clavi-pectoral fascia Pectoralis minor m Suspensory ligament
18. Deltoid m Pectoralis minor m. Subclavius m. Pectoralis major m. Axillary artery and brachial plexus Dr.Sherif Fahmy
19. Lateral Wall
21. Posterior Wall
22. Subscapulari s m Teres major m. Latissimus dorsi m Quadrangular space Upper triangular space
23. Medial Wall
24. Serratus anterior m. Long thoracic n.
27. Contents of Axilla ◼ Brachial plexus. ◼ Lateral cutaneous branches of upper 4 intercostal nerves. ◼ Intercosto-brachial nerve. ◼ Axillary vessels. ◼ Axillary lymph nodes. ◼ Tail of breast. ◼ Loose fibro-fatty tissue.