Special Embryology 2

This presentation explains 2nd part of Special Embryology

Transcript

1. Derivatives of Floor of Pharynx Dr. Sherif Fahmy
2. Forebrain bulge Pericardial bulge Stomodeum Bucco-pharyngeal membrane Pharynx Floor of pharynx
3. Dr. Sherif Fahmy Laryngeo-trachial groove Site of developing tongue, epiglottis and thyroid gland in the floor of pharynx
4. Development of Tongue (Page 17)
5. Dr. Sherif Fahmy 2 lingual swellings Tuberculum impar Foramen ceacum Copula Hypobranchial eminence 1st 2nd 3rd 4th
6. Dr. Sherif Fahmy Lingual swellings Tuberculum impar Foramen caecum Hypobranchial eminence
7. Lingual swelling Anterior 2/3 of tongue Hypobranchial eminence Posterior 1/3 of tongue Foramen caecum Epiglottis Tuberculum impar
8. A- Muscles of tongue
9. Anomalies of Tongue 1- Aglossia: Complete absence of tongue. 2- Microglossia: Small sized tongue. 3- Macroglossia: Large sized tongue. 4- Bifid tongue: due to failure of fusion between 2 lingual swellings. 5- Tongue tie: short frenulum due to defective formation of linguo-gingival groove. . Dr. Sherif Fahmy
10. Bifid tongue
11. Tie tongue
12. Development of Thyroid Gland (Page 19)
13. Dr. Sherif Fahmy 2 lingual swellings Tuberculum impar Thyroid primordium Copula Hypobranchial eminence 1st 2nd 3rd 4th
14. Dr. Sherif Fahmy Foramen cecum Thyroid diverticulum Developing anterior 2/3 of tongue
15. Dr. Sherif Fahmy Thyroglossal duct Thyroid gland Developing anterior 2/3 of tongue Developing hyoid bone Posterior 1/3 of tongue
16. Dr. Sherif Fahmy Foramen cecum Degenerating thyro-glossal duct Hyoid bone Thyroid cartilage Levator glandulae thyroidae Pyramidal lobe Lobe of thyroid gland Fate of thyroglossal duct
17. Congenital Anomalies • Thyroid agenesis: Failure of its formation. • Lingual thyroid: Failure of thyroid descend. • Aberrant thyroid (Retrosternal goiter): over-descend of thyroid gland in the thorax. • Thyroglossal cyst: It is persistence of a part of the thyroglossal duct. • Thyroglossal fistula: Thyroglossal duct opens to skin. Dr. Sherif Fahmy
18. Dr. Sherif Fahmy
20. Dr. Sherif Fahmy
21. Derivatives of Caudal Part of Foregut
22. Derivatives of Caudal Part of Foregut 1- Esophagus. 2- Stomach. 3- Proximal ½ of duodenum. 4- Liver, gall bladder and pancreas. Dr. Sherif Fahmy
23. Endoderm Buccopharyngeal membrane Cloacal membrane Hindgut Midgut Foregut Vitelline duct Allantois Definitive yolk sac L.S. in folded embryo Septum transversum
24. Formation of Mesentry
25. Development of Stomach (Page 29)
26. Anatomy of Stomach
27. Cardiac openening Pyloric opening Lesser curvature Greater omentum
29. Development of Stomach
30. Pharynx Respiratory diverticulum Esophagus Stomach Septum transversum Developing liver
33. Final Shape of Stomach
34. Congenital Anomalies 1- Hypertrophic Pyloric stenosis: Congenital narrowing of pyloric orifice. 2- Hour glass stomach: constriction of stomach dividing it into 2 dilated parts with a narrowing inbetween. 3- Thoracic stomach: Protrusion of upper part of stomach through diaphragm due to short esophagus.
36. Hour glass stomach
37. Anatomy of Duodenum
39. Head of pancreas Neck Body Tail Main pancreatic duct Accessory pancreatic duct Common bile duct Cystic duct Common hepatic duct Gall bladder Second part of duodenum 3rd part of duodenum 4th part of duodenum 1st part of duodenum Uncinate process
40. Gall bladder Cystic duct Rt. Hepatic duct Lt. hepatic duct Common hepatic duct Common bile duct Main pancreatic duct Ampulla of vater
41. Development of Duodenum (Page 31)
44. Congenital Anomalies of duodenum 1- Stenosis or atresia. 2- Persistence of parts of mesoduodenum as duodenal folds.
45. Duodenal folds
46. Development of Pancreas (Page 33)
50. Duct of the distal part of dorsal pancreatic bud Anastomosis Duct of ventral bud Proximal part of dorsal bus Accessory pancreatic duct
51. Anomalies of Pancreas 1- Annular pancreas: A ring of pancreatic tissue that surrounds the duodenum. 2- Accessory pancreas: Pancreatic tissue in abnormal site as in pyloric part of stomach or duodenum.
53. Development of Liver & Gall Bladder (Page 35)
54. Formation of Gut, mesenteries & septum transversum
55. Pericardium Septum transversum Peritoneal canals Pleura Dr. Sherif Fahmy
56. Buccopharyngeal membrane Cloacal membrane Hindgut Midgut Foregut L.S. in folded embryo Heart Vitelline duct Cloaca Dr. Sherif Fahmy Septum transversum
57. Peritoneal canals Gut Ventral mersentry (contains septum transversum cells, vitelline and umbilical veins Dorsal mesentry Transverse Section Dr. Sherif Fahmy
58. Development of Liver
59. Pars hepatica: Proliferating hepatic cords of cells. Pars cystica Hepatic bud
60. Dorsal pancraetic bud Ventral pancreatic bud Hepatic bud Cystic duct
63. Anomalies of Biliary System 1- Double gall bladder. 2- Bile duct atresia (intrahepatic or extrahepatic). 3- Absence of gall bladder. 4-Extra-hepatic duct.