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The Head

The Head

This presentation shows Anatomy of the Head

Dr.Sherif Fahmy

August 05, 2019
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  1. Subcutaneous vessels Emissary vein Intracranial vein Dangerous layer Dr.Sherif Fahmy

    1- Skin 2- Connective tissue 3- Aponeurosis of occipito- frontalis m. 4- Loose areolar layer 5-Pericarnium Subcutaneous nerve Fat Fibrous septum
  2. Frontal belly Occipitl belly Aponeurosis Lateral 2/3 of Sup. Nuchal

    line Posterior auricular br. Of facial n. Temporal br. Of facial n. Parotid gland Superior temporal line Skin at eyebrow Facial nerve
  3. Ophthalmic n. Maxillary n. Mandibular n. Ventral primary rami of

    upper cervical nerves Dr. Sherif Fahm Trigeminal nerve Dorsal primary rami of upper cervical nerves
  4. Supra- trochlear n. Supra- orbital n. Zigomatico- temporal n. Auriculo-

    temporal n. Greater occipital n. Third occipital n. Lesser occipital n. Great auricular n. Auricle
  5. Dr.Sherif Fahmy Supra-trochlear n. Supra-orbital n. Zygomatico- temporal n. Auriculo-

    temporal n. Greater occipital n. Lesser occipital n. Third occipital n. Great auricular n.
  6. Supra- trochlear a. Supra-orbital a. Superficial temporal a. Occipital a.

    Posterior auricular a. External carotid artery
  7. Supra- trochlear vein Supra- orbital vein Facial vein Deep facial

    vein Superficial temporal vein Occipital venous network Occipital vein Sub- occipital venous plexus Retro- mandibular vein Common facial vein Posterior auricular vein E.J.V.
  8. Lymph Drainage 1- Anterior part: to Submandibular lymph nodes. 2-

    Middle (lateral) part: to parotid lymph nodes. 3- Posterior part: to mastoid and occipital lymph nodes.
  9. Outer surface of alveolar margin of maxilla Outer surface of

    alveolar margin of mandible Pterygo- mandibular lig. Upper fibers Lower fibers Middle fibers Dr. Sherif Fahmy
  10. Skin Buccinator m. Buccal nerves Facial vessels Buccal lymph nodes

    Buccal pad of fat Bucco-pharyngeal fascia Buccal mucus membrane Parotid duct Dr. Sherif Fahmy
  11. Parotid gland Facial nerve Posterior auricular br. Temporal branch Zygomatic

    branches Buccal nerves Mandibular br. Cervical branch Dr. Sherif Fahmy
  12. Supraorbital n. Supratrochlear n. Palpebral br. From lacrimal Infra-trochlear n.

    External nasal n. Ophthalmic Division Maxillary Division Infra-orbital n. Zygomatico-facial n. Mandibular Division Mental n. Buccal n. Auriculo-temporal n Great auricular n. Dr. Sherif Fahmy
  13. Other Arteries Of The Face From ophthalmic artery: Supra-trochlear, supraorbital,

    dorsal nasal & palpebral arteries. From maxillary artery: infraorbital, buccal & mental arteries. From Superficial temporal artery: Transverse facial and zygomatico- orbital. Dr.Sherif Fahmy
  14. Facial art Supraorbital art. Supratrochlear art Infraorbital art Mental art

    Zygomatico- orbital art. Superficial temporal art Transverse facial art. Other arteries in the face Dorsal nasal Medial palpebral Lateral palpebral Zygomatic arch Dr.Sherif Fahmy
  15. Retro-mandibular (Posterior facial) vein Retro- mandibular vein Superficial temporal vein

    Maxillary vein Anterior division of retro- mandibular vein Posterior division of retromandibular vein Facial vein Posterior auricular vein External jugular vein Parotid gland Common facial vein Dr.Sherif Fahmy
  16. Supra-trochlear vein Supra-orbital vein Facial (anterior facial) vein Facial (Anterior

    Facial)vein Deep facial vein Anterior division of retro-mandibular vein Common facial vein Masseter m. Dr.Sherif Fahmy
  17. Extensions External auditory meatus 2 cm below and behind angle

    of mandible Mastoid process Masseter muscle Dr.Sherif Fahmy
  18. Parts of Parotid Gland 1- Main superficial part. 2- Small

    accessory part. 3- Deep part. Dr.Sherif Fahmy
  19. Relations of Parotid Gland Parotid gland has: -Two ends: upper

    & lower. -Two borders: Anterior & posterior. -Three surfaces: Lateral (superficial), Deep or medial (Anteromedial & posteromedial) Dr.Sherif Fahmy
  20. Posterior belly of digastric m. Auriculo- temporal nerve Superficial temporal

    vessels Cervical branch of facial nerve Divisions of retro- mandibular vein
  21. Sternomastoid m. Masseter m. Temporal br. Zygomatic br. Transverse facial

    artery Upper buccal br. Parotid duct Accessory part of gland Lower buccal br Mandibular br. Posterior border Dr.Sherif Fahmy
  22. Surfaces of Parotid Gland 1- Lateral (superficial or Subcutaneous). 2-

    Deep or medial: is divided by deep part into: A- Anteromedial surface. B- Posteromedila surface. Dr.Sherif Fahmy
  23. Deep or Medial surface Anterior border Posterior border Border of

    deep part Antero-medial surface Postero- medial surface Dr.Sherif Fahmy
  24. Ramus of mandible Medial pterygoid m. Masseter m. Mastoid process

    Styloid process Facial nerve Carotid sheath Internal carotid art. Lower 4 cranial nerves Internal jugular vein Dr.Sherif Fahmy
  25. Nerve Supply of Parotid Gland A- Sensory: Great auricular and

    auriculo-temporal nerves. B- Sympathetic: Plexus around external carotid and middle meningeal arteries. C- Parasympathetic Dr.Sherif Fahmy
  26. Medulla Inferior salivary nucleus Glosso- pharyngeal n. (9th CN) Jugular

    foramen Tympanic br. Tympanic canaliculus Tympanic cavity Tympanic plexus Lesser superficial petrosal n. Foramen ovale Otic ganglion Auriculo- temporal n. Parotid gland Post-ganglionic fibers Parasympathetic nerve supply Dr. Sherif Fahmy
  27. Pons Motor nucleus Sup. Salivary n. N.Solitarius Internal auditory meatus

    Facial nerve Vestibulo- cochlear nerve Motor root Nervus intermedius
  28. Pons Medulla Facial nerve Petrous bone Internal auditory meatus Vestibule

    of internal ear Geniculate ganglion Medial wall Posterior wall Stylo- mastoid fr. Styloid process Parotid gland Course of facial N.
  29. Pons Facial nerve Geniculate ganglion Stylo- mastoid fr. 1- Greater

    superficial petrosal n. F.Lacerum Pterygoid canal Spheno- palatine ganglion 2-N. To stapedius m. 3-Chorda tympani n. 4- Posterior auricular n. 5- N. to posterior belly of digastric & stylohyoid ms. Lingual n. Submandibular ganglion Branches of facial n.
  30. Layers of Dura Mater A- Outer layer: It is the

    layer which is adherent to the inner surface of skull, which is actually the endosteum of bones. B- Inner layer: It is nearer to brain and is considered as the meningeal layer. Dr. Sherif Fahmy
  31. Folds of Dura Mater Folds are formed from inner layer

    of dura mater to separate between different parts of the brain. A- Vertical Folds: Falx cerebri & Falx cerebelli. B- Horizontal folds: Tentorium cerebelli & Diaphragma sellae.
  32. Anterior Clinoid process Posterior clinoid process Superior petrosal sulcus Transverse

    sulcus Internal occipital protuberance Dr.Sherif Fahmy Apex of petrous bone
  33. Anterior clinoid process Free border Posterior clinoid process Superior petrosal

    sulcus Transverse sulcus Internal occipital protuberance Site of attachment of falx cerebri Oculomotor n. Trochlear n. Trigeminal n. Attached border Dr.Sherif Fahmy
  34. Blood & Nerve Supply of Meninges Cranial Fossae Blood supply

    Nerve Supply Anterior Anterior & posterior ethmoidal from ophthalmic Anterior ethmoidal from ophthalmic Middle Middle & accessory meningeal from maxillary. Meningeal br. of maxillary n. & nervus spinosus of mandibular Posterior Vertebral, occipital and ascending pharyngeal arteries Meningeal branches from vagus and hypoglosal nerves. Dorsal rami of upper 3 cervical nerves.
  35. DURAL VENOUS SINUSES They are intracranial veins that run between

    2 dural layers or in a dural fold. Dural sinuses are characterized by being thin walled, valveless, connected with extracranial veins by emissary veins. They drain skull bones, meninges, brain, orbit, inner ear and pituitary gland.
  36. Single Sinuses: 1- Superior sagittal. 2- Inferior sagittal. 3- Straight.

    4- Occipital. 5- Basilar plexus of veins. 6- Intercavernous sinuses.
  37. Anterior Clinoid process Posterior clinoid process Superior petrosal sulcus Transverse

    sulcus Internal occipital protuberance Dr.Sherif Fahmy Apex of petrous bone Foramen caecum
  38. Arachnoid granulations Anterior trunk of middle meningeal vein Posterior trunk

    of middle meningeal vein Superior sagittal sinus (opened) Dr.Sherif Fahmy
  39. Superior sagittal sinus (opened) Side lacuna (opened) Side lacunae of

    superior sagittal sinus Arachnoid granulations Dr.Sherif Fahmy
  40. Central retinal vein Spheno- parietal sinus Ophthalmic vein Intercavernous sinuses

    Superficial middle cerebral vein Middle meningeal vein Superior petrosal sinus Inferior petrosal sinus Basilar plexus of veins Occipital sinus Transverse sinus Sigmoid sinus Cavernous sinus Dr.Sherif Fahmy
  41. Dr.Sherif Fahmy Apex of petrous bone Apex of orbit Side

    of body of sphenoid (site of cavernous sinus)
  42. Pituitary gland Body of sphenoid Sphenoidal air sinus Occulomotor n.

    Trochlear n. Ophthalmic n. Maxillary n. Internal carotid art. Abducent n. Dr.Sherif Fahmy Cavernous sinus
  43. Pituitary gland Body of sphenoid Int. Carotid art. Sphenoidal air

    sinus Uncus of temporal lobe Occulomotor n. Trochlear n. Abducent n. Ophthamic n. Maxillary n. Dr.Sherif Fahmy
  44. Central retinal vein Spheno- parietal sinus Ophthalmic vein Intercavernous sinuses

    Superficial middle cerebral vein Middle meningeal vein Superior petrosal sinus Inferior petrosal sinus
  45. Cavernous sinus Anterior facial vein Superior ophthalmic vein Deep facial

    vein Pterygoid venous plexus Pharyngeal plexus Internal jugular vein
  46. Superior sagittal sinus Nasal veins Foramen caecum Cavernous sinus Sigmoid

    sinus Anterior facial vein Ophthalmic vein Deep facial vein Pterygoid venous plexus Pharyngeal plexus Int. jugular vein Occipital veins Suboccipital venous plexus Parietal emmissary veins
  47. Pars tuberalis Pars anterior Pars intermedia Anterior lobe Pars posterior

    (posterior lobe) Stalk Infundibulum Parts of Pituitary Gland Tuber cinereum (hypothalamus)
  48. N. To masseter m. Deep temporal nerves. Lingual n. Inferior

    alveolar n. Maxillary artery Buccal br. Of mandibular n. Upper border Lower border Between 2 heads Ramus (cut) Superficial head of med. Pterygoid m. Dr.Sherif Fahmy
  49. Lateral pterygoid m. (cut) Accessory meningeal art. Middle meningeal art.

    Sphenoman dibular lig. Chorda tympani n. Tensor tympani m. Mandibular n. Deep Relations Dr.Sherif Fahmy Lateral pterygoid plate
  50. Mandibular n. Middle meningeal a. Sphenomandibular lig. Lateral pterygoid m.

    (cut) Dr.Sherif Fahmy Lateral pterygoid plate Chorda tympani
  51. Medulla Inferior salivary nucleus Glosso- pharyngeal n. (9th CN) Jugular

    foramen Tympanic br. Tympanic canaliculus Tympanic cavity Tympanic plexus Lesser superficial petrosal n. Foramen ovale Otic ganglion Auriculo- temporal n. Parotid gland Post-ganglionic fibers Parasympathetic nerve supply Dr. Sherif Fahmy Dr.Sherif Fahmy
  52. Applied Anatomy: 1- Inflammation of parotid Gl.: Causes: viral or

    bacterial which reach the gland through blood or duct of the gland. Leads to: - Pain in the gland. - Pain in TMJ. - Everted ear lobule. 2- Parotid tumor: benign or malignant.
  53. Orbital plate of frontal bone Lesser wing of sphenoid Optic

    foramen Greater wing of sphenoid Zygomatic bone Superior orbital fissure Dr.Sherif Fahmy
  54. Frontal process of maxilla Lacrimal bone Orbital plate of ethmoid

    Body of sphenoid Lacrimal fossa Dr.Sherif Fahmy
  55. CONTENTS OF ORBIT ➢ 1- The eyeball. ➢ 2- Extraocular

    muscles. ➢ 3- Nerves: optic nerve, branches of ophthalmic nerve, divisions of oculomotor, trochlear, abducent, sympathetic fibers and ciliary ganglion. ➢ 4- Vessels: ophthalmic artery and vein. ➢ 5- Lacrimal apparatus. ➢ 6- Fat Dr.Sherif Fahmy
  56. EXTRAOCULAR MUSCLES ➢6 muscles are inserted to the eyeball: 4

    recti (lateral, medial, superior and inferior), 2 oblique (superior and inferior). ➢One muscle is inserted to upper eye lid (levator palpebrae superioris). Dr.Sherif Fahmy
  57. Superior rectus muscle Inferior oblique m. Inferior rectus m. Lateral

    rectus muscle Medial rectus muscle Dr.Sherif Fahmy
  58. Levator palpebrae superioris muscle (cut) Superior rectus (cut) Medial rectus

    muscle Lateral rectus m. Optic nerve Inferior rectus muscle Dr.Sherif Fahmy
  59. Origin of Extraocular Muscles: -4 recti: arises from common tendinous

    ring around optic foramen and medial end of superior orbital fissure. - Superior oblique & levator palpebrae superioris: from posterior part of roof. - Inferior oblique: from anterior part of floor just lateral to lacrimal groove. Dr.Sherif Fahmy
  60. RECTI MUSCLES 1- Medial Rectus. 2- Lateral Rectus. 3- Superior

    Rectus. 4- Inferior Rectus Dr.Sherif Fahmy
  61. Medial rectus m. Lateral rectus m. Inferior rectus m. Superior

    rectus m. Tendinous ring Lateral Medial Optic foramen Superior orbital fissure Dr.Sherif Fahmy
  62. Superior rectus muscle Inferior oblique m. Inferior rectus m. Lateral

    rectus muscle Medial rectus muscle Dr.Sherif Fahmy
  63. Superior rectus m Medial rectus m Inferior rectus m Lateral

    rectus m 5.5 6.5 7 7.5 Dr.Sherif Fahmy
  64. Lacrimal fossa Origin of inferior oblique muscle Origin of superior

    oblique Origin of levator palpebrae superioris Dr.Sherif Fahmy
  65. Nerves of the Orbit 1- Motor Nerves: - Oculomotor n.

    (3rd CN) - Trochlear n. (4th CN) - Abducent n. (6th CN) 2- Sensory Nerves: - 3 branches of ophthalmic nerve (5th CN) (lacrimal, frontal and naso-ciliary) - Optic nerve. (2nd CN) Dr.Sherif Fahmy
  66. Anatomy of a Cranial Nerve - Deep origin (nuclei). -

    Type of fibers inside the nerve. - Superficial attachment. - Course. - Branches. - Applied anatomy. Dr.Sherif Fahmy
  67. Body of sphenoid Occulomotor n. Trochlear n. Ophthalmic n. Maxillary

    n. Internal carotid art. Abducent n. Cavernous sinus Dr.Sherif Fahmy
  68. Tendinous ring Lacrimal n. Frontal n. Trochlear n. Superior division

    of oculomotor Inferior division of oculomotor Nasociliary n. Abducent n. Optic nerve Ophthalmic art. Dr.Sherif Fahmy
  69. Motor Nerve Supply (Page 135) 1- Oculomotor nerve. 2- Trochlear

    nerve. 3- Abducent nerve. Dr.Sherif Fahmy
  70. Midbrain Oculomotor n. Superior orbital fissure Superior division Lev. Palp.

    superioris Superior rectus Inferior division Med. rectus Inf. rectus Inferior oblique Ciliary gang. Dr.Sherif Fahmy
  71. Injury of Oculomotor N. 1- Ptosis. 2- Lateral squint. 3-

    Dilatation of pupil. 4- Loss of accomodation. Dr.Sherif Fahmy
  72. Supraorbital n. Supratrochlear n. Palpebral br. From lacrimal Infra-trochlear n.

    External nasal n. Ophthalmic Division Dr.Sherif Fahmy
  73. Body of sphenoid Occulomotor n. Trochlear n. Ophthalmic n. Maxillary

    n. Dr.Sherif Fahmy Cavernous sinus Dr.Sherif Fahmy
  74. Tendinous ring Lacrimal n. Frontal n. Trochlear n. Superior division

    of oculomotor Inferior division of oculomotor Nasociliary n. Abducent n. Dr.Sherif Fahmy
  75. Supraorbital n. Supratrochlear n. Palpebral br. From lacrimal Infra-trochlear n.

    External nasal n. Ophthalmic Division Dr.Sherif Fahmy
  76. 2- Ganglionic brs 4- Zygomatic br. Z-F Z-T Lacrimal n.

    Spheno-palatine ganglion Dr.Sherif Fahmy
  77. Superior rectus Lateral rectus Lacrimal gland Medial rectus muscle Inferior

    rectus m. Levator palpebrae superioris m. Superior oblique Dr.Sherif Fahmy
  78. Ophthalmic artery Lacrimal branch Posterior ciliary branches Supraorbital branch Posterior

    ethmoidal Anterior ethmoidal Medial palpebral art. Dorsal nasal artery Supratrochlear artery
  79. Pons Trigeminal ganglion Mandibular n. Maxillary n. Ophthalmic n. Motor

    root of Trigeminal n. Dr. Sherif Fahmy Sensory root of trigeminal n. Roots of Trigeminal n. Medulla
  80. Trigeminal ganglion Maxillary n. Cavernous sinus Dr. Sherif Fahmy Medulla

    (cut) Sensory root of trigeminal ganglion Mandibular nerve Ophthalmic nerve
  81. Pons Sensory root of trigeminal nerve Motor root of trigeminal

    n. Trigeminal ganglion Lateral wall of cavernous sinus Maxillary n. Foramen rotundum Pterygo-palatine fossa Spheno-palatine ganglion Inferior orbital fissure Infra-orbital groove Infra-orbital canal Infra-orbital n. Palpebral Labial Nasal Back of maxilla Infra-orbital foramen Dr. Sherif Fahmy
  82. 1-Meningeal br 2- Ganglionic brs 3- Posterior superior alveolar br.

    4- Zygomatic br. Z- F Z-T Lacrimal n. Infra-orbital n. 5-Middle superior alveolar br. 6- Anterior superior alveolar br. Descends with sinuous course in canalis sinosus 7- P 8- N 9- L Maxillary sinus Dr. Sherif Fahmy
  83. Maxillary nerve Infra-orbital n. Spheno-palatine gangliom Zygomatic nerve Lacrimal n.

    Lacrimal n. Zygomatico- temporal n. Posterior superior alveolar n. Maxillar y Sinus Dr. Sherif Fahmy Zygomatico -facial nerve
  84. Spheno-palatine foramen Foramen rotundum Pterygoid canal Palatine canal Foramen for

    posterior superior alveolar vessels and nerve Inferior orbital fissure
  85. Facial nerve Geniculate ganglion Greater superficial petrosal n. (parasympathetic root)

    Deep petrosal n. (Sympathetic root) Sensory root (br. From maxillary n. Sepheno- palatine ganglion) Branches of the ganglion Dr. Sherif Fahmy
  86. Spheno-palatine ganglion 1- Orbital br 2-Pharyngeal br 4- Medial nasal

    (Long spheno- palatine) br. 3- Lateral nasal (Short spheno-palatine) br. 5- Greater palatine br. 6- Lesser palatine br.
  87. Lesser palatine nerves Greater palatine foramen Greater palatine n. Incisive

    fossa Long spheno-palatine n. (Naso-palatine br.) Hard Palate
  88. Posterior Division of Mandibular Nerve (Page 98) It gives the

    following branches: 1- Auriculo-temporal nerve. 2- Inferior alveolar nerve. 3- Lingual nerve. Dr.Sherif Fahmy
  89. Foramen ovale Lateral pterygoid m (cut) Tensor palati m. Trunk

    of mandibular nerve Posterior division of mandibular n. Lingual nerve Chorda tympani n. Inferior alveolar n. Auriculo-temporal n. Anterior division of mandibular n. Dr.Sherif Fahmy
  90. Lateral pterygoid m (cut) Trunk of mandibular nerve Posterior division

    of mandibular n. Auriculo-temporal n. Middle meningeal art. Neck of mandible Dr.Sherif Fahmy
  91. Lateral pterygoid m (cut) Posterior division of mandibular n. Lingual

    nerve Chorda tympani n.(Taste & Parasympathetic) Inferior alveolar n. Medial pterygoid m. Dr.Sherif Fahmy
  92. Lateral petrygoid m. Chorda tympani n. Inferior alveolar n. Lingual

    n. Ramus of mandible Last molar Styloglossus m. Hyoglossus m. Submandibular ganglion Submandibular duct Genio- glossus m. Sublingual gland
  93. Parasympathetic Ganglia 1- Otic ganglion. 2- Spheno-palatine (pterygo- palatine ganglion).

    3- Ciliary ganglion. 4- Submandibular ganglion. Dr.Sherif Fahmy
  94. Foramen ovale Mandibular nerve (main trunk) Tensor palati m. Lateral

    pterygoid m. (cut) Otic ganglion (deep to mandibular n.) Dr.Sherif Fahmy
  95. Foramen ovale Mandibular nerve Parasympathetic root (lesser superficial petrosal nerve)

    Sympathetic root (from plexus around middle meningeal artery) Medial pterygoid m. Motor root (from n. to medial pterygoid m.) Otic Ganglion Auriculo- temporal n. Parotid gland Post-ganglionic fibers T.P. T.T. Dr.Sherif Fahmy Sensory root
  96. Pons Sensory root Motor root of trigeminal n. Trigeminal ganglion

    Lateral wall of cavernous sinus Maxillary n. Foramen rotundum Pterygo-palatine fossa Spheno-palatine ganglion Inferior orbital fissure Infra-orbital groove Infra-orbital canal Infra-orbital n. P L N Back of maxilla
  97. 1-Meningeal br 2- Ganglionic brs 3- Posterior superior alveolar br.

    4- Zygomatic br. Z-F Z-T Lacrimal n. Infra-orbital n. 5-Middle superior alveolar br. 6- Anterior superior alveolar br. 7- P 8-N 9-L Maxillary sinus
  98. Maxillary nerve Infra-orbital n. Spheno-palatine gangliom Zygomatic nerve Lacrimal n.

    Lacrimal n. Zygomatico- temporal n. Posterior superior alveolar n. Maxillary Sinus Dr.Sherif Fahmy
  99. Back of maxilla Lateral pterygoid plate Perpendicular plate of palatine

    bone Pterygo-maxillary fissure Dr.Sherif Fahmy
  100. Spheno-palatine foramen Palato-vaginal acnal Foramen rotundum Pterygoid canal Palatine canal

    Foramen for posterior superior alveolar vessels and nerve Inferior orbital fissure Dr.Sherif Fahmy
  101. Trigeminal ganglion Mandibular nerve Ophthalmic n. Maxillary nerve Foramen rotandum

    Infra-orbital n. Spheno-palatine gangliom Dr.Sherif Fahmy
  102. Facial nerve Geniculate ganglion Greater superficial petrosal n. (parasympathetic root)

    Deep petrosal n. (Sympathetic root) Sensory root (br. From maxillary n. Sepheno- palatine ganglion) Branches of the ganglion
  103. Spheno-palatine ganglion 1- Orbital br 2-Pharyngeal br 4- Long spheno-

    palatine br. 3- Short spheno- palatine br. 5- Greater palatine br. 6- Lesser palatine br.
  104. Lesser palatine nerves Greater palatine foramen Greater palatine n. Incisive

    fossa Long spheno-palatine n. Hard Palate Dr.Sherif Fahmy
  105. Facial nerve Geniculate ganglion Greater superficial petrosal n. (parasympathetic root)

    Deep petrosal n. (Sympathetic root) Sensory root (br. From maxillary n. Sepheno- palatine ganglion) Branches of the ganglion Dr. Sherif Fahmy
  106. Spheno-palatine ganglion 1- Orbital br 2-Pharyngeal br 4- Medial nasal

    (Long spheno- palatine) br. 3- Lateral nasal (Short spheno-palatine) br. 5- Greater palatine br. 6- Lesser palatine br.
  107. Lesser palatine nerves Greater palatine foramen Greater palatine n. Incisive

    fossa Long spheno-palatine n. (Naso-palatine br.) Hard Palate
  108. Pon s Sensory root of trigeminal n. Motor root of

    trigeminal n. Trigeminal ganglion Mandibular n. Foramen ovale Main trunk Posterior division Anterior division Dr. Sherif Fahmy
  109. Upper head of lat. pterygoid Lower head of lateral pterygoid

    m. Lateral Pterygoid M. Dr.Sherif Fahmy Deep temporal nerves Nerve to masseter Lingual n. Inferior alveolar n. Buccal nerve
  110. Nervous spinosus N. To medial pterygoid m. Otic ganglion Tensor

    palati Tensor tympani To mastication muscles except medial pterygoid Buccal nerve Foramen spinosum Dr. Sherif Fahmy
  111. Branches of Posterior Division of Mandibular Nerve It gives the

    following branches: 1- Auriculo-temporal nerve. 2- Inferior alveolar nerve. 3- Lingual nerve. Dr. Sherif Fahmy
  112. Trunk of mandibular nerve Posterior division of mandibular n. Lingual

    nerve Chorda tympani n. Inferior alveolar n. Auriculo-temporal n. Anterior division of mandibular n. Dr. Sherif Fahmy Middle meningeal artery
  113. Lateral petrygoid m. Chorda tympani n. Inferior alveolar n. Lingual

    n. Ramus of mandible Last molar Sublingual gland Dr. Sherif Fahmy Medial pterygoid muscle
  114. Lateral pterygoid m (cut) Posterior division of mandibular n. Auriculo-temporal

    n. Middle meningeal art. Neck of mandible Dr. Sherif Fahmy 2 roots of auriculo-temporal nerve
  115. Otic ganglion Auriculo- temporal n. Parotid gland Post-ganglionic fibers Parasympathetic

    nerve supply of parotid gland Dr. Sherif Fahmy Dr. Sherif Fahmy
  116. Lateral pterygoid m (cut) Posterior division of mandibular n. Lingual

    nerve Chorda tympani n.(Taste & Parasympathetic) Medial pterygoid m. Dr. Sherif Fahmy
  117. Lateral petrygoid m. Chorda tympani n. Inferior alveolar n. Lingual

    n. Ramus of mandible Last molar Styloglossus m. Hyoglossus m. Submandibular ganglion Submandibular duct Genio- glossus m. Sublingual gland
  118. Foramen ovale Mandibular nerve (main trunk) Tensor palati m. Lateral

    pterygoid m. (cut) Otic ganglion (deep to mandibular n.) Dr.Sherif Fahmy
  119. Foramen ovale Mandibular nerve Parasympatheti c root (lesser superficial petrosal

    nerve) Sympathetic root (from plexus around middle meningeal artery) Medial pterygoid m. Motor root (from n. to medial pterygoid m.) Otic Ganglio n Auriculo- temporal n. Parotid gland Post-ganglionic fibers T.P. T.T . Dr.Sherif Fahmy Sensory root
  120. Spheno-palatine foramen Palato-vaginal canal Foramen rotundum Pterygoid canal Palatine canal

    Foramen for posterior superior alveolar vessels and nerve Inferior orbital fissure
  121. Facial nerve Geniculate ganglion Greater superficial petrosal n. (parasympathetic root)

    Deep petrosal n. (Sympathetic root) Sensory root (br. From maxillary n. Sepheno- palatine ganglion) Branches of the ganglion
  122. Pons Facial nerve Geniculate ganglion 1- Greater superficial petrosal n.

    F.Lacerum Pterygoid canal Spheno- palatine ganglion Petrous bone
  123. Petrous bone Carotid canal Internal carotid a. Cartilage closing the

    lower aspect of foramen lacerum Cavernous sinus Intra-cranial course
  124. Spheno-palatine ganglion 1- Orbital br 2-Pharyngeal br 4- Long spheno-

    palatine br. 3- Short spheno- palatine br. 5- Greater palatine br. 6- Lesser palatine br.
  125. Lesser palatine nerves Greater palatine foramen Greater palatine n. Incisive

    fossa Long spheno-palatine n. (Naso-palatine br.) Hard Palate