The Head

This presentation shows Anatomy of the Head

Transcript

1. Scalp (Page 58) Dr.Sherif Fahmy
2. Supra-orbital notch Super-ciliary arch Supero-medial angle (supra- trochlear notch) Supra- orbital foramen Dr.Sherif Fahmy
3. Superior temporal line Super- ciliary arch Superior nuchal line Dr.Sherif Fahmy
4. Superior nuchal line Dr.Sherif Fahmy Highest nuchal line
5. Sup. Nuchal line Superior temporal line Superciliary arch Extensions of scalp Dr.Sherif Fahmy
6. Skin Connective tissue Aponeurosis Loose areolar tissue Pericranium Layers of scalp Dr.Sherif Fahmy
7. Subcutaneous vessels Emissary vein Intracranial vein Dangerous layer Dr.Sherif Fahmy 1- Skin 2- Connective tissue 3- Aponeurosis of occipito- frontalis m. 4- Loose areolar layer 5-Pericarnium Subcutaneous nerve Fat Fibrous septum
8. 3rd Layer of Scalp (Occipito-frontalis Muscle)
9. Frontal belly Occipitl belly Aponeurosis Lateral 2/3 of Sup. Nuchal line Posterior auricular br. Of facial n. Temporal br. Of facial n. Parotid gland Superior temporal line Skin at eyebrow Facial nerve
10. Nerve Supply of Scalp (Page 60)
11. Sensory (Cutaneous)
12. Ophthalmic n. Maxillary n. Mandibular n. Ventral primary rami of upper cervical nerves Dr. Sherif Fahm Trigeminal nerve Dorsal primary rami of upper cervical nerves
13. Trigeminal ganglion Ophthalmic n. Maxillary n Mandibular n. Dr.Sherif Fahmy
14. Supra- trochlear n. Supra- orbital n. Zigomatico- temporal n. Auriculo- temporal n. Greater occipital n. Third occipital n. Lesser occipital n. Great auricular n. Auricle
15. Dr.Sherif Fahmy Supra-trochlear n. Supra-orbital n. Zygomatico- temporal n. Auriculo- temporal n. Greater occipital n. Lesser occipital n. Third occipital n. Great auricular n.
16. Motor
17. Facial nerve Posterior auricular n. Temporal brs.
18. Blood Supply of Scalp (Page 62)
19. Supra- trochlear a. Supra-orbital a. Superficial temporal a. Occipital a. Posterior auricular a. External carotid artery
20. Supra- trochlear vein Supra- orbital vein Facial vein Deep facial vein Superficial temporal vein Occipital venous network Occipital vein Sub- occipital venous plexus Retro- mandibular vein Common facial vein Posterior auricular vein E.J.V.
21. Lymph Drainage 1- Anterior part: to Submandibular lymph nodes. 2- Middle (lateral) part: to parotid lymph nodes. 3- Posterior part: to mastoid and occipital lymph nodes.
22. FACE (Page 65) Dr. Sherif
23. Dr. Sherif Fahmy
24. Muscles of the Face ➢1- Orbicularis oculi ➢2- Buccinator ➢3- Orbicularis oris Dr. Sherif Fahm
25. Orbicularis oculi m. Orbicularis oris m. Buccinator m. Dr. Sherif Fahmy
26. Orbicularis Oculi Dr. Sherif Fahmy
27. Dr. Sherif Fahm
28. Superior tarsus Inferior tarsus Medial palpebral ligament Lateral palpebral ligament Dr. Sherif Fahmy
29. Medial palpebral lig. Orbital part Palpebral part Dr. Sherif Fahmy
30. Medial palpebral lig. Dr. Sherif Fahmy
31. Lacrimal sac Dr. Sherif Fahmy
32. Posterior lacrimal crest Dr. Sherif Fahmy
33. Dr. Sherif Fahmy
34. Orbicularis Oris & Buccinator (Page 66) Dr. Sherif Fahmy
35. Masseter m. (cut) Buccinator m. Orbicularis oris m. Temoralis m. Dr. Sherif Fahmy
36. Upper fibers Lower fibers Middle fibers Dr. Sherif Fahmy
37. Outer surface of alveolar margin of maxilla Outer surface of alveolar margin of mandible Pterygo- mandibular lig. Upper fibers Lower fibers Middle fibers Dr. Sherif Fahmy
38. Skin Buccinator m. Buccal nerves Facial vessels Buccal lymph nodes Buccal pad of fat Bucco-pharyngeal fascia Buccal mucus membrane Parotid duct Dr. Sherif Fahmy
39. Nerve Supply of Face (Page 68) A- Motor Nerve Supply Dr. Sherif Fahmy
40. Parotid gland Facial nerve Posterior auricular br. Temporal branch Zygomatic branches Buccal nerves Mandibular br. Cervical branch Dr. Sherif Fahmy
41. Dr. Sherif Fahmy
42. B- Sensory (cutaneous) Nerve Supply of Face (Page 69)
43. Ophthalmic n. Maxillary n. Mandibular n. Great auricular n. (cervical plexus) Dr. Sherif Fahmy
44. Supraorbital n. Supratrochlear n. Palpebral br. From lacrimal Infra-trochlear n. External nasal n. Ophthalmic Division Maxillary Division Infra-orbital n. Zygomatico-facial n. Mandibular Division Mental n. Buccal n. Auriculo-temporal n Great auricular n. Dr. Sherif Fahmy
46. Blood Supply of Face A- Arterial Supply Dr. Sherif Fahmy
47. Dr. Sherif Fahmy
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49. B- Venous Drainage
50. Dr. Sherif Fahmy
51. Dr. Sherif Fahmy
54. Other Arteries Of The Face From ophthalmic artery: Supra-trochlear, supraorbital, dorsal nasal & palpebral arteries. From maxillary artery: infraorbital, buccal & mental arteries. From Superficial temporal artery: Transverse facial and zygomatico- orbital. Dr.Sherif Fahmy
55. Facial art Supraorbital art. Supratrochlear art Infraorbital art Mental art Zygomatico- orbital art. Superficial temporal art Transverse facial art. Other arteries in the face Dorsal nasal Medial palpebral Lateral palpebral Zygomatic arch Dr.Sherif Fahmy
56. B- Venous Drainage Dr.Sherif Fahmy
57. Retro-mandibular (Posterior facial) vein Retro- mandibular vein Superficial temporal vein Maxillary vein Anterior division of retro- mandibular vein Posterior division of retromandibular vein Facial vein Posterior auricular vein External jugular vein Parotid gland Common facial vein Dr.Sherif Fahmy
58. Facial vein Dr.Sherif Fahmy
59. Supra-trochlear vein Supra-orbital vein Facial (anterior facial) vein Facial (Anterior Facial)vein Deep facial vein Anterior division of retro-mandibular vein Common facial vein Masseter m. Dr.Sherif Fahmy
60. Communications Between Facial Vein and Cavernous Sinus Dr.Sherif Fahmy
61. Facial vein Cavernous sinus Ophthalmic veins Deep facial vein Pterygoid venous plexus Emissary vein Dr.Sherif Fahmy
62. Parotid Gland (Page 75) Dr.Sherif Fahmy
63. Position, Extent & Capsule Dr.Sherif Fahmy
64. Mastoid process Styloid process Ramus of mandible External auditory meatus Dr.Sherif Fahmy
65. Extensions External auditory meatus 2 cm below and behind angle of mandible Mastoid process Masseter muscle Dr.Sherif Fahmy
66. Parts of Parotid Gland 1- Main superficial part. 2- Small accessory part. 3- Deep part. Dr.Sherif Fahmy
67. Main superficial part (Pyramidal in shape) Accessory part Dr.Sherif Fahmy
68. Dr.Sherif Fahmy
69. Relations of Parotid Gland Parotid gland has: -Two ends: upper & lower. -Two borders: Anterior & posterior. -Three surfaces: Lateral (superficial), Deep or medial (Anteromedial & posteromedial) Dr.Sherif Fahmy
70. Ends of Parotid Gland Dr.Sherif Fahmy
71. Upper concave end Lower pointed end Temporo-mandibular joint External auditory meatus Dr.Sherif Fahmy
72. Posterior belly of digastric m. Auriculo- temporal nerve Superficial temporal vessels Cervical branch of facial nerve Divisions of retro- mandibular vein
73. Borders of Parotid Gland Dr.Sherif Fahmy
74. Sternomastoid m. Masseter m. Temporal br. Zygomatic br. Transverse facial artery Upper buccal br. Parotid duct Accessory part of gland Lower buccal br Mandibular br. Posterior border Dr.Sherif Fahmy
75. Surfaces of Parotid Gland 1- Lateral (superficial or Subcutaneous). 2- Deep or medial: is divided by deep part into: A- Anteromedial surface. B- Posteromedila surface. Dr.Sherif Fahmy
76. Lateral Surface Anterior division of great auricular nerve Superficial parotid lymph nodes Dr.Sherif Fahmy
77. Deep or Medial surface Anterior border Posterior border Border of deep part Antero-medial surface Postero- medial surface Dr.Sherif Fahmy
78. Ramus of mandible Medial pterygoid m. Masseter m. Mastoid process Styloid process Facial nerve Carotid sheath Internal carotid art. Lower 4 cranial nerves Internal jugular vein Dr.Sherif Fahmy
79. Structures Within (Embeded) Parotid Gland (Page 80) Dr.Sherif Fahmy
80. Facial nerve Retro-mandibular vein External carotid artery Deep parotid lymph nodes Dr.Sherif Fahmy
81. Surface Anatomy of Parotid Gland (page 78) Dr.Sherif Fahmy
82. Anterior border Lower end Posterior border Upper end Dr. Sherif Fahmy Dr.Sherif Fahmy
83. Parotid Duct (Page 78) Dr.Sherif Fahmy
84. Parotid duct Accessory part Transverse facial artery Buccinator muscle Masseter m. Dr.Sherif Fahmy
85. Opening of parotid duct Dr.Sherif Fahmy
86. Nerve Supply of Parotid Gland A- Sensory: Great auricular and auriculo-temporal nerves. B- Sympathetic: Plexus around external carotid and middle meningeal arteries. C- Parasympathetic Dr.Sherif Fahmy
87. Medulla Inferior salivary nucleus Glosso- pharyngeal n. (9th CN) Jugular foramen Tympanic br. Tympanic canaliculus Tympanic cavity Tympanic plexus Lesser superficial petrosal n. Foramen ovale Otic ganglion Auriculo- temporal n. Parotid gland Post-ganglionic fibers Parasympathetic nerve supply Dr. Sherif Fahmy
88. Facial Nerve (Page 89)
89. Pons Motor nucleus Sup. Salivary n. N.Solitarius Internal auditory meatus Facial nerve Vestibulo- cochlear nerve Motor root Nervus intermedius
90. Pons Medulla Facial nerve Petrous bone Internal auditory meatus Vestibule of internal ear Geniculate ganglion Medial wall Posterior wall Stylo- mastoid fr. Styloid process Parotid gland Course of facial N.
91. Facial nerve Posterior auricular n. Temporal brs. Zygomatic brs. Buccal brs. Mandibular br. Cervical br.
92. Pons Facial nerve Geniculate ganglion Stylo- mastoid fr. 1- Greater superficial petrosal n. F.Lacerum Pterygoid canal Spheno- palatine ganglion 2-N. To stapedius m. 3-Chorda tympani n. 4- Posterior auricular n. 5- N. to posterior belly of digastric & stylohyoid ms. Lingual n. Submandibular ganglion Branches of facial n.
93. Facial nerve Posterior auricular n. Temporal brs. Zygomatic brs. Buccal brs. Mandibular br. Cervical br.
94. CRANIAL CAVITY Dr. Sherif Fahmy
95. Dr. Sherif Fahmy
97. Layers of Dura Mater A- Outer layer: It is the layer which is adherent to the inner surface of skull, which is actually the endosteum of bones. B- Inner layer: It is nearer to brain and is considered as the meningeal layer. Dr. Sherif Fahmy
98. Folds of Dura Mater Folds are formed from inner layer of dura mater to separate between different parts of the brain. A- Vertical Folds: Falx cerebri & Falx cerebelli. B- Horizontal folds: Tentorium cerebelli & Diaphragma sellae.
100. A- Vertical Folds:
102. B- Horizontal Folds
103. 1- Falx Cerebri
111. 2- Tentorium Cerebelli (Page 112) Dr.Sherif Fahmy
112. Cerebral hemisphere Cerebellar hemisphere Tentorium cerebelli Sagittal Section Dr.Sherif Fahmy
113. Falx cerebri Tentorium cerebelli Dr.Sherif Fahmy
114. Anterior Clinoid process Posterior clinoid process Superior petrosal sulcus Transverse sulcus Internal occipital protuberance Dr.Sherif Fahmy Apex of petrous bone
115. Anterior clinoid process Free border Posterior clinoid process Superior petrosal sulcus Transverse sulcus Internal occipital protuberance Site of attachment of falx cerebri Oculomotor n. Trochlear n. Trigeminal n. Attached border Dr.Sherif Fahmy
116. Attached border Free border Site of crossing between 2 borders Dr.Sherif Fahmy
117. Tentorium cerebelli Superior petrosal sinus Transverse sinus Straight sinus Venous Sinuses Related Dr.Sherif Fahmy
118. 3- Falx Cerebelli (Page114) Dr.Sherif Fahmy
119. Falx cerebri Tentorium cerebelli (cut) Falx cerebelli Foramen magnum Occipital sinus Dr.Sherif Fahmy
120. 4- Diaphragma Sellae Dr.Sherif Fahmy
121. Falx cerebri Tentorium cerebelli Diaphragma sellae Pituitary stalk Dr.Sherif Fahmy
122. Diaphragma Sellae Anterior clinoid process Posterior clinoid process Pituitary stalk Dr.Sherif Fahmy
123. Blood & Nerve Supply of Meninges Cranial Fossae Blood supply Nerve Supply Anterior Anterior & posterior ethmoidal from ophthalmic Anterior ethmoidal from ophthalmic Middle Middle & accessory meningeal from maxillary. Meningeal br. of maxillary n. & nervus spinosus of mandibular Posterior Vertebral, occipital and ascending pharyngeal arteries Meningeal branches from vagus and hypoglosal nerves. Dorsal rami of upper 3 cervical nerves.
124. Dural Venous Sinuses (page 116) Dr.Sherif Fahmy
125. DURAL VENOUS SINUSES They are intracranial veins that run between 2 dural layers or in a dural fold. Dural sinuses are characterized by being thin walled, valveless, connected with extracranial veins by emissary veins. They drain skull bones, meninges, brain, orbit, inner ear and pituitary gland.
126. Single Sinuses: 1- Superior sagittal. 2- Inferior sagittal. 3- Straight. 4- Occipital. 5- Basilar plexus of veins. 6- Intercavernous sinuses.
127. Superior Sagittal Sinus Dr.Sherif Fahmy
128. Anterior Clinoid process Posterior clinoid process Superior petrosal sulcus Transverse sulcus Internal occipital protuberance Dr.Sherif Fahmy Apex of petrous bone Foramen caecum
129. Superior sagittal sinus Inferior sagittal sinus Straight sinus Great cerebral vein Dr.Sherif Fahmy
130. Dr.Sherif Fahmy
131. Superior sagittal sinus Arachnoid granulations Emissary vein Dr.Sherif Fahmy
132. Arachnoid granulations Anterior trunk of middle meningeal vein Posterior trunk of middle meningeal vein Superior sagittal sinus (opened) Dr.Sherif Fahmy
133. Superior sagittal sinus (opened) Side lacuna (opened) Side lacunae of superior sagittal sinus Arachnoid granulations Dr.Sherif Fahmy
134. Inferior Sagittal and Straight Sinuses Dr.Sherif Fahmy
135. Superior sagittal sinus Inferior sagittal sinus Straight sinus Great cerebral vein Dr.Sherif Fahmy
136. Single & Paired Sinuses Dr.Sherif Fahmy
137. Central retinal vein Spheno- parietal sinus Ophthalmic vein Intercavernous sinuses Superficial middle cerebral vein Middle meningeal vein Superior petrosal sinus Inferior petrosal sinus Basilar plexus of veins Occipital sinus Transverse sinus Sigmoid sinus Cavernous sinus Dr.Sherif Fahmy
138. Cavernous Sinus (Page 118) Dr.Sherif Fahmy
139. Site, Shape, Size of Cavernous Sinus Dr.Sherif Fahmy
140. Dr.Sherif Fahmy Apex of petrous bone Apex of orbit Side of body of sphenoid (site of cavernous sinus)
141. Cavernous sinus Body of sphenoid Dr.Sherif Fahmy
142. Cavernous sinus Dr.Sherif Fahmy Body of sphenoid Anterior superior intercavernous sinus
143. Relations of Cavernous Sinus Dr.Sherif Fahmy
144. Cavernous sinus Body of sphenoid Apex of petrous bone Apex of orbit Dr.Sherif Fahmy
145. Pituitary gland Body of sphenoid Sphenoidal air sinus Occulomotor n. Trochlear n. Ophthalmic n. Maxillary n. Internal carotid art. Abducent n. Dr.Sherif Fahmy Cavernous sinus
146. Pituitary gland Body of sphenoid Int. Carotid art. Sphenoidal air sinus Uncus of temporal lobe Occulomotor n. Trochlear n. Abducent n. Ophthamic n. Maxillary n. Dr.Sherif Fahmy
147. Communications Dr.Sherif Fahmy
148. Central retinal vein Spheno- parietal sinus Ophthalmic vein Intercavernous sinuses Superficial middle cerebral vein Middle meningeal vein Superior petrosal sinus Inferior petrosal sinus
149. Cavernous sinus Anterior facial vein Superior ophthalmic vein Deep facial vein Pterygoid venous plexus Pharyngeal plexus Internal jugular vein
150. EMISSARY VEINS (Page 120)
151. Superior sagittal sinus Nasal veins Foramen caecum Cavernous sinus Sigmoid sinus Anterior facial vein Ophthalmic vein Deep facial vein Pterygoid venous plexus Pharyngeal plexus Int. jugular vein Occipital veins Suboccipital venous plexus Parietal emmissary veins
152. PITUITARY GLAND
153. Optic groove for optic chiasma Sella turcica Dorsum sellae Site for cavernous sinus
154. Pituitary gl. Pituitary stalk Tuber cinereum (hypothala mus) Optic chiasma
155. Optic chiasma Pituitary gl. Sphenoida air sinus Dorsum sellae Sagittal Section
156. Pars tuberalis Pars anterior Pars intermedia Anterior lobe Pars posterior (posterior lobe) Stalk Infundibulum Parts of Pituitary Gland Tuber cinereum (hypothalamus)
157. Superior hypophyseal art. Inferior hypophyseal art. Hypothalamo- hypophyseal portal vein Vein to cavernous sinus Blood Supply of Pituitary Gland
158. Intra-cranial Course of Internal Carotid Artery
160. Relations of Lateral Pterygoid Muscle (Page 87) Dr.Sherif Fahmy
161. N. To masseter m. Deep temporal nerves. Lingual n. Inferior alveolar n. Maxillary artery Buccal br. Of mandibular n. Upper border Lower border Between 2 heads Ramus (cut) Superficial head of med. Pterygoid m. Dr.Sherif Fahmy
162. Lateral pterygoid m. (cut) Accessory meningeal art. Middle meningeal art. Sphenoman dibular lig. Chorda tympani n. Tensor tympani m. Mandibular n. Deep Relations Dr.Sherif Fahmy Lateral pterygoid plate
163. Mandibular n. Middle meningeal a. Sphenomandibular lig. Lateral pterygoid m. (cut) Dr.Sherif Fahmy Lateral pterygoid plate Chorda tympani
164. Parasympathetic Nerve Supply (Page 80) Dr.Sherif Fahmy
165. Medulla Inferior salivary nucleus Glosso- pharyngeal n. (9th CN) Jugular foramen Tympanic br. Tympanic canaliculus Tympanic cavity Tympanic plexus Lesser superficial petrosal n. Foramen ovale Otic ganglion Auriculo- temporal n. Parotid gland Post-ganglionic fibers Parasympathetic nerve supply Dr. Sherif Fahmy Dr.Sherif Fahmy
166. Applied Anatomy: 1- Inflammation of parotid Gl.: Causes: viral or bacterial which reach the gland through blood or duct of the gland. Leads to: - Pain in the gland. - Pain in TMJ. - Everted ear lobule. 2- Parotid tumor: benign or malignant.
167. Dr.Sherif Fahmy
168. THE ORBIT (Page 123) Dr.Sherif Fahmy
169. BONY ORBIT Dr.Sherif Fahmy
170. Roof & Lateral Wall Dr.Sherif Fahmy
171. Orbital plate of frontal bone Lesser wing of sphenoid Optic foramen Greater wing of sphenoid Zygomatic bone Superior orbital fissure Dr.Sherif Fahmy
172. Medial Wall Dr.Sherif Fahmy
173. Frontal process of maxilla Lacrimal bone Orbital plate of ethmoid Body of sphenoid Lacrimal fossa Dr.Sherif Fahmy
174. Posterior ethmoidal foramen Anterior ethmoidal foramen Ethmoidal Foramena Dr.Sherif Fahmy
175. Floor Dr.Sherif Fahmy
176. Orbital surface of maxilla Infra-orbital groove Orbital surface of zygomatic bone Infra-orbital foramen Dr.Sherif Fahmy
177. Orbital Fissures Dr.Sherif Fahmy
178. Superior orbital fissure Inferior orbital fissure Dr.Sherif Fahmy
179. CONTENTS OF ORBIT ➢ 1- The eyeball. ➢ 2- Extraocular muscles. ➢ 3- Nerves: optic nerve, branches of ophthalmic nerve, divisions of oculomotor, trochlear, abducent, sympathetic fibers and ciliary ganglion. ➢ 4- Vessels: ophthalmic artery and vein. ➢ 5- Lacrimal apparatus. ➢ 6- Fat Dr.Sherif Fahmy
180. EXTRAOCULAR MUSCLES ➢6 muscles are inserted to the eyeball: 4 recti (lateral, medial, superior and inferior), 2 oblique (superior and inferior). ➢One muscle is inserted to upper eye lid (levator palpebrae superioris). Dr.Sherif Fahmy
181. Superior rectus muscle Inferior oblique m. Inferior rectus m. Lateral rectus muscle Medial rectus muscle Dr.Sherif Fahmy
182. Levator palpebrae superioris Superior rectus Lateral rectus Lacrimal gland Medial rectus Superior oblique m. Dr.Sherif Fahmy
183. Levator palpebrae superioris muscle (cut) Superior rectus (cut) Medial rectus muscle Lateral rectus m. Optic nerve Inferior rectus muscle Dr.Sherif Fahmy
184. Origin of Extraocular Muscles: -4 recti: arises from common tendinous ring around optic foramen and medial end of superior orbital fissure. - Superior oblique & levator palpebrae superioris: from posterior part of roof. - Inferior oblique: from anterior part of floor just lateral to lacrimal groove. Dr.Sherif Fahmy
185. RECTI MUSCLES 1- Medial Rectus. 2- Lateral Rectus. 3- Superior Rectus. 4- Inferior Rectus Dr.Sherif Fahmy
186. Medial rectus m. Lateral rectus m. Inferior rectus m. Superior rectus m. Tendinous ring Lateral Medial Optic foramen Superior orbital fissure Dr.Sherif Fahmy
187. Superior rectus muscle Inferior oblique m. Inferior rectus m. Lateral rectus muscle Medial rectus muscle Dr.Sherif Fahmy
188. Superior rectus Lateral rectus Lacrimal gland Medial rectus muscle Inferior rectus m. Dr.Sherif Fahmy
189. Superior rectus m Medial rectus m Inferior rectus m Lateral rectus m 5.5 6.5 7 7.5 Dr.Sherif Fahmy
190. Dr.Sherif Fahmy
191. Dr.Sherif Fahmy
193. OBLIQUE MUSCLES 1- Superior Oblique. 2- Inferior Oblique. Dr.Sherif Fahmy
194. 1- Superior Oblique Muscle Dr.Sherif Fahmy
195. Lacrimal fossa Origin of inferior oblique muscle Origin of superior oblique Origin of levator palpebrae superioris Dr.Sherif Fahmy
196. Superior oblique m. Trochlea Superior oblique m. Dr.Sherif Fahmy
197. 2- Inferior oblique Muscle Dr.Sherif Fahmy
198. Lacrimal fossa Origin of inferior oblique muscle Dr.Sherif Fahmy
199. Inferior oblique m. Inferior rectus m. Superior oblique m. Trochlea Dr.Sherif Fahmy
200. Dr.Sherif Fahmy
201. LEVATOR PALPEBRAE SUPERIORIS Dr.Sherif Fahmy
202. Levator palpebrae superioris m. Superior rectus muscle Dr.Sherif Fahmy
203. Levator palpebrae superioris Dr.Sherif Fahmy
204. Nerves of the Orbit 1- Motor Nerves: - Oculomotor n. (3rd CN) - Trochlear n. (4th CN) - Abducent n. (6th CN) 2- Sensory Nerves: - 3 branches of ophthalmic nerve (5th CN) (lacrimal, frontal and naso-ciliary) - Optic nerve. (2nd CN) Dr.Sherif Fahmy
205. Anatomy of a Cranial Nerve - Deep origin (nuclei). - Type of fibers inside the nerve. - Superficial attachment. - Course. - Branches. - Applied anatomy. Dr.Sherif Fahmy
206. Oculomotor nerve Trochlear nerve Trigeminal nerve Abducent nerve Dr.Sherif Fahmy
207. Crossing between 2 borders Oculomotor (3rd CN) Trochlear (4th CN) Trigeminal (5th CN) Dr.Sherif Fahmy
208. Cavernous sinus Dr.Sherif Fahmy
209. Body of sphenoid Occulomotor n. Trochlear n. Ophthalmic n. Maxillary n. Internal carotid art. Abducent n. Cavernous sinus Dr.Sherif Fahmy
210. Anterior clinoid process Optic foramen Superior orbital fissure Dr.Sherif Fahmy
211. Tendinous ring Lacrimal n. Frontal n. Trochlear n. Superior division of oculomotor Inferior division of oculomotor Nasociliary n. Abducent n. Optic nerve Ophthalmic art. Dr.Sherif Fahmy
212. Motor Nerve Supply (Page 135) 1- Oculomotor nerve. 2- Trochlear nerve. 3- Abducent nerve. Dr.Sherif Fahmy
213. 1- Oculomotor Nerve Dr.Sherif Fahmy
214. Midbrain Oculomotor n. Superior orbital fissure Superior division Lev. Palp. superioris Superior rectus Inferior division Med. rectus Inf. rectus Inferior oblique Ciliary gang. Dr.Sherif Fahmy
215. Injury of Oculomotor N. 1- Ptosis. 2- Lateral squint. 3- Dilatation of pupil. 4- Loss of accomodation. Dr.Sherif Fahmy
216. Ciliary Ganglion Dr.Sherif Fahmy
217. Dr.Sherif Fahmy
218. Ciliary ganglion Short ciliary nerves Dr.Sherif Fahmy
219. 2- Trochlear Nerve (Page 137) Dr.Sherif Fahmy
220. Inferior colliculus Trochlear nerve Dr.Sherif Fahmy
221. Basillar artery Posterior cerebral artery Trochlear nerve Suerior cerebellar artery Dr.Sherif Fahmy
222. Crossing between 2 borders Trochlear (4th CN) Dr.Sherif Fahmy
223. Trochlear nerve Superior orbital fissure Superior oblique m Dr.Sherif Fahmy
224. 3- Abducent Nerve Dr.Sherif Fahmy
225. Abducent nerve Cavernous sinus Dr.Sherif Fahmy
226. Body of sphenoid Internal carotid art. Abducent n. Dr.Sherif Fahmy Cavernous sinus Dr.Sherif Fahmy
227. Pons Medulla Abducent n. Superior orbital fissure Lateral rectus m Dr.Sherif Fahmy
228. Sensory Nerves - Ophthalmic nerve. - Optic nerve. Dr.Sherif Fahmy
229. Ophthalmic Nerve (Page 133) Dr.Sherif Fahmy
230. Supraorbital n. Supratrochlear n. Palpebral br. From lacrimal Infra-trochlear n. External nasal n. Ophthalmic Division Dr.Sherif Fahmy
231. Body of sphenoid Occulomotor n. Trochlear n. Ophthalmic n. Maxillary n. Dr.Sherif Fahmy Cavernous sinus Dr.Sherif Fahmy
232. Superior orbital fissure Dr.Sherif Fahmy
233. Tendinous ring Lacrimal n. Frontal n. Trochlear n. Superior division of oculomotor Inferior division of oculomotor Nasociliary n. Abducent n. Dr.Sherif Fahmy
234. Course & Branches Dr.Sherif Fahmy
235. Ophthalmic nerve Trigeminal ganglion Lacrimal br. Frontal br. Naso-ciliary br. Dr.Sherif Fahmy
236. Branches of Ophthalmic Nerve 1- Lacrimal. 2- Frontal. 3- Naso-ciliary. Dr.Sherif Fahmy
237. Supraorbital n. Supratrochlear n. Palpebral br. From lacrimal Infra-trochlear n. External nasal n. Ophthalmic Division Dr.Sherif Fahmy
238. 1- Lacrimal Nerve Dr.Sherif Fahmy
239. Ophthalmic nerve Lacrimal br. Dr.Sherif Fahmy
240. 2- Ganglionic brs 4- Zygomatic br. Z-F Z-T Lacrimal n. Spheno-palatine ganglion Dr.Sherif Fahmy
241. 2- Frontal Nerve Dr.Sherif Fahmy
242. Ophthalmic nerve Frontal nerve Supra-trochlear nerve Supra-orbital n. Dr.Sherif Fahmy
243. 3- Naso-ciliary Nerve Dr.Sherif Fahmy
244. Naso-ciliary n Optic nerve Ophthalmic n. Trochlea Dr.Sherif Fahmy
245. Branches of Naso- ciliary nerve Dr.Sherif Fahmy
246. Naso-ciliary n 1-Ganglionic Ophthalmic n. 3-Posterior ethmoidal 4-Anterior ethmoidal 2-Long ciliary nerve Ciliary ganglion Dr.Sherif Fahmy
247. Optic Nerve Dr.Sherif Fahmy
248. Superior rectus Lateral rectus Lacrimal gland Medial rectus muscle Inferior rectus m. Levator palpebrae superioris m. Superior oblique Dr.Sherif Fahmy
249. Naso-ciliary n Optic nerve Ophthalmic n. Dr.Sherif Fahmy
250. Ophthalmic artery Dr.Sherif Fahmy
251. OPHTHALMIC ARTERY
253. Ophthalmic artery Lacrimal branch Posterior ciliary branches Supraorbital branch Posterior ethmoidal Anterior ethmoidal Medial palpebral art. Dorsal nasal artery Supratrochlear artery
255. Ophthalmic Veins
257. Eyelid
259. LACRIMAL APPARATUS
266. The Eyeball
268. Orbital Fascia
270. Maxillary Nerve & Sphenopalatine Ganglion
271. Related Skull Features
272. Superior orbital fissure Foramen rotandum Foramen spinosum Foramen ovale Trigeminal impression Dr. Sherif Fahmy
273. Pterygopalatine fossa Remove mandible Dr. Sherif Fahmy
274. Infraorbital groove Inferior orbital fissure Infraorbital foramen Infraorbital canal Dr. Sherif Fahmy
275. Incisive fossa Greater palatine foramen Lesser palatine foramen Dr. Sherif Fahmy Dr. Sherif Fahmy
276. Trigeminal Nerve (Page 85)
277. Pons Trigeminal ganglion Mandibular n. Maxillary n. Ophthalmic n. Motor root of Trigeminal n. Dr. Sherif Fahmy Sensory root of trigeminal n. Roots of Trigeminal n. Medulla
278. Trigeminal ganglion Maxillary n. Cavernous sinus Dr. Sherif Fahmy Medulla (cut) Sensory root of trigeminal ganglion Mandibular nerve Ophthalmic nerve
279. MAXILLARY NERVE (Page 87)
280. Revision of Branches of Maxillary Nerve to Face & Scalp
281. Zygomatico-temporal n. Zygomatico-facial n. Infra-orbital n. Dr. Sherif Fahmy
282. Course of Maxillary Nerve
283. Trigeminal ganglion Maxillary n. Dr. Sherif Fahmy
284. Pons Sensory root of trigeminal nerve Motor root of trigeminal n. Trigeminal ganglion Lateral wall of cavernous sinus Maxillary n. Foramen rotundum Pterygo-palatine fossa Spheno-palatine ganglion Inferior orbital fissure Infra-orbital groove Infra-orbital canal Infra-orbital n. Palpebral Labial Nasal Back of maxilla Infra-orbital foramen Dr. Sherif Fahmy
285. Branches of Maxillary Nerve
286. 1-Meningeal br 2- Ganglionic brs 3- Posterior superior alveolar br. 4- Zygomatic br. Z- F Z-T Lacrimal n. Infra-orbital n. 5-Middle superior alveolar br. 6- Anterior superior alveolar br. Descends with sinuous course in canalis sinosus 7- P 8- N 9- L Maxillary sinus Dr. Sherif Fahmy
287. Maxillary nerve Infra-orbital n. Spheno-palatine gangliom Zygomatic nerve Lacrimal n. Lacrimal n. Zygomatico- temporal n. Posterior superior alveolar n. Maxillar y Sinus Dr. Sherif Fahmy Zygomatico -facial nerve
288. Spheno-palatine (Pterygo- palatine) Ganglion (Page 91)
289. Maxillary nerve Spheno-palatine gangliom
290. PTERYGO- PALATINE FOSSA
291. Pterygopalatine fossa
292. Communications
293. Spheno-palatine foramen Foramen rotundum Pterygoid canal Palatine canal Foramen for posterior superior alveolar vessels and nerve Inferior orbital fissure
294. Facial nerve Geniculate ganglion Greater superficial petrosal n. (parasympathetic root) Deep petrosal n. (Sympathetic root) Sensory root (br. From maxillary n. Sepheno- palatine ganglion) Branches of the ganglion Dr. Sherif Fahmy
295. Branches of Spheno-Palatine Ganglion
296. Spheno-palatine ganglion 1- Orbital br 2-Pharyngeal br 4- Medial nasal (Long spheno- palatine) br. 3- Lateral nasal (Short spheno-palatine) br. 5- Greater palatine br. 6- Lesser palatine br.
297. Lesser palatine nerves Greater palatine foramen Greater palatine n. Incisive fossa Long spheno-palatine n. (Naso-palatine br.) Hard Palate
298. Mandibular Nerve Dr.Sherif Fahmy
299. Mandibular Division Mental n. Buccal n. Auriculo-temporal n Dr. Sherif Fahm
300. Dr.Sherif Fahmy
301. Posterior Division of Mandibular Nerve (Page 98) It gives the following branches: 1- Auriculo-temporal nerve. 2- Inferior alveolar nerve. 3- Lingual nerve. Dr.Sherif Fahmy
302. Pons Trigeminal ganglion Mandibular n. Maxillary n. Ophthalmic n. Motor root of Trigeminal n. Dr.Sherif Fahmy
303. Trigeminal ganglion Mandibular n. Maxillary n. Ophthalmic n. Cavernous sinus Dr.Sherif Fahmy
304. Foramen ovale Lateral pterygoid m (cut) Tensor palati m. Trunk of mandibular nerve Posterior division of mandibular n. Lingual nerve Chorda tympani n. Inferior alveolar n. Auriculo-temporal n. Anterior division of mandibular n. Dr.Sherif Fahmy
305. 1- Inferior Alveolar Nerve Dr.Sherif Fahmy
306. Inner view Outer view Inferior alveolar nerve Myelohyoid nerve Mental br. Incisive br. Dr.Sherif Fahmy
307. 2- Auriculo- temporal Nerve (Page 98) Dr.Sherif Fahmy
308. Lateral pterygoid m (cut) Trunk of mandibular nerve Posterior division of mandibular n. Auriculo-temporal n. Middle meningeal art. Neck of mandible Dr.Sherif Fahmy
309. Auriculo- temporal nerve Superficial temporal vessels Upper end of parotid gland Auricle Zygomatic arch
310. Otic ganglion Auriculo- temporal n. Parotid gland Post-ganglionic fibers Parasympathetic nerve supply of parotid gland Dr. Sherif Fahmy
311. 3- Lingual nerve (Page 99) Dr.Sherif Fahmy
312. Lateral pterygoid m (cut) Posterior division of mandibular n. Lingual nerve Chorda tympani n.(Taste & Parasympathetic) Inferior alveolar n. Medial pterygoid m. Dr.Sherif Fahmy
313. Lower head of lateral pterygoid m. Dr.Sherif Fahmy Lingual n. Inferior alveolar n. Dr.Sherif Fahmy
314. Lateral petrygoid m. Chorda tympani n. Inferior alveolar n. Lingual n. Ramus of mandible Last molar Styloglossus m. Hyoglossus m. Submandibular ganglion Submandibular duct Genio- glossus m. Sublingual gland
315. Parasympathetic Ganglia 1- Otic ganglion. 2- Spheno-palatine (pterygo- palatine ganglion). 3- Ciliary ganglion. 4- Submandibular ganglion. Dr.Sherif Fahmy
316. Otic Ganglion (Page 105) Dr.Sherif Fahmy
317. Site, Size & Relations Dr.Sherif Fahmy
318. Foramen ovale Mandibular nerve (main trunk) Tensor palati m. Lateral pterygoid m. (cut) Otic ganglion (deep to mandibular n.) Dr.Sherif Fahmy
319. Roots & Branches Dr.Sherif Fahmy
320. Foramen ovale Mandibular nerve Parasympathetic root (lesser superficial petrosal nerve) Sympathetic root (from plexus around middle meningeal artery) Medial pterygoid m. Motor root (from n. to medial pterygoid m.) Otic Ganglion Auriculo- temporal n. Parotid gland Post-ganglionic fibers T.P. T.T. Dr.Sherif Fahmy Sensory root
321. MAXILLARY NERVE (Page 92) Dr.Sherif Fahmy
322. Maxillary Division of Trigeminal ganglion Infra-orbital n. Zygomatico-facial n. Dr. Sherif Fahm Zygomatico-temporal n.
323. Pons Trigeminal ganglion Mandibular n. Maxillary n. Ophthalmic n. Dr.Sherif Fahmy
324. Trigeminal ganglion Mandibular n. Maxillary n. Ophthalmic n. Cavernous sinus Dr.Sherif Fahmy
325. Course & Relations of Maxillary Nerve Dr.Sherif Fahmy
326. Pons Sensory root Motor root of trigeminal n. Trigeminal ganglion Lateral wall of cavernous sinus Maxillary n. Foramen rotundum Pterygo-palatine fossa Spheno-palatine ganglion Inferior orbital fissure Infra-orbital groove Infra-orbital canal Infra-orbital n. P L N Back of maxilla
327. Branches of Maxillary Nerve Dr.Sherif Fahmy
328. 1-Meningeal br 2- Ganglionic brs 3- Posterior superior alveolar br. 4- Zygomatic br. Z-F Z-T Lacrimal n. Infra-orbital n. 5-Middle superior alveolar br. 6- Anterior superior alveolar br. 7- P 8-N 9-L Maxillary sinus
329. Maxillary nerve Infra-orbital n. Spheno-palatine gangliom Zygomatic nerve Lacrimal n. Lacrimal n. Zygomatico- temporal n. Posterior superior alveolar n. Maxillary Sinus Dr.Sherif Fahmy
330. PTERYGO- PALATINE FOSSA (Page 100) Dr.Sherif Fahmy
331. Walls of Pterygo- palatine Fossa Dr.Sherif Fahmy
332. Pterygoid process Back of maxilla Perpendicular plate of palatine bone Dr.Sherif Fahmy
333. Back of maxilla Lateral pterygoid plate Perpendicular plate of palatine bone Pterygo-maxillary fissure Dr.Sherif Fahmy
334. Communications Dr.Sherif Fahmy
335. Spheno-palatine foramen Palato-vaginal acnal Foramen rotundum Pterygoid canal Palatine canal Foramen for posterior superior alveolar vessels and nerve Inferior orbital fissure Dr.Sherif Fahmy
336. Foramen Rotundum Foramen lacerum Dr.Sherif Fahmy
337. Palato-vaginal canal Foramen lacerum Greater palatine foramen Dr.Sherif Fahmy
338. SPHENO-PALATINE (PTERYGO- PALATINE) GANGLION (Page 101) Dr.Sherif Fahmy
339. Trigeminal ganglion Mandibular nerve Ophthalmic n. Maxillary nerve Foramen rotandum Infra-orbital n. Spheno-palatine gangliom Dr.Sherif Fahmy
340. Facial nerve Geniculate ganglion Greater superficial petrosal n. (parasympathetic root) Deep petrosal n. (Sympathetic root) Sensory root (br. From maxillary n. Sepheno- palatine ganglion) Branches of the ganglion
341. Branches of Spheno-Palatine Ganglion Dr.Sherif Fahmy
342. Spheno-palatine ganglion 1- Orbital br 2-Pharyngeal br 4- Long spheno- palatine br. 3- Short spheno- palatine br. 5- Greater palatine br. 6- Lesser palatine br.
343. Lesser palatine nerves Greater palatine foramen Greater palatine n. Incisive fossa Long spheno-palatine n. Hard Palate Dr.Sherif Fahmy
344. Spheno-palatine Ganglion
345. Facial nerve Geniculate ganglion Greater superficial petrosal n. (parasympathetic root) Deep petrosal n. (Sympathetic root) Sensory root (br. From maxillary n. Sepheno- palatine ganglion) Branches of the ganglion Dr. Sherif Fahmy
346. Branches of Spheno-Palatine Ganglion
347. Spheno-palatine foramen Foramen rotundum Pterygoid canal Palatine canal Inferior orbital fissure
348. Spheno-palatine ganglion 1- Orbital br 2-Pharyngeal br 4- Medial nasal (Long spheno- palatine) br. 3- Lateral nasal (Short spheno-palatine) br. 5- Greater palatine br. 6- Lesser palatine br.
349. Lesser palatine nerves Greater palatine foramen Greater palatine n. Incisive fossa Long spheno-palatine n. (Naso-palatine br.) Hard Palate
350. Mandibular Nerve (page 95)
351. Course of Mandibular Nerve
352. Pon s Sensory root of trigeminal n. Motor root of trigeminal n. Trigeminal ganglion Mandibular n. Foramen ovale Main trunk Posterior division Anterior division Dr. Sherif Fahmy
353. Relations of Main Trunk of Mandibular Nerve A- Superficial B- Deep
354. Foramen ovale Lateral pterygoid m (cut) Tensor palati m. Trunk of mandibular nerve Dr. Sherif Fahmy
355. Revision of Branches of Mandibular Nerve in Face & Scalp
356. Mental nerve Buccal nerve Auriculo-temporal nerve Dr. Sherif Fahmy
357. Upper head of lat. pterygoid Lower head of lateral pterygoid m. Lateral Pterygoid M. Dr.Sherif Fahmy Deep temporal nerves Nerve to masseter Lingual n. Inferior alveolar n. Buccal nerve
358. Branches of Mandibular Nerve (Main trunk & Anterior Division)
359. Nervous spinosus N. To medial pterygoid m. Otic ganglion Tensor palati Tensor tympani To mastication muscles except medial pterygoid Buccal nerve Foramen spinosum Dr. Sherif Fahmy
360. Posterior Division of Mandibular Nerve
361. Branches of Posterior Division of Mandibular Nerve It gives the following branches: 1- Auriculo-temporal nerve. 2- Inferior alveolar nerve. 3- Lingual nerve. Dr. Sherif Fahmy
362. Some Features of the Mandible
363. Mental foramen Dr. Sherif Fahmy Ramus of mandible Neck Body
364. Mandibular foramen Myelohyoid groove Inner surface of the Ramus Dr. Sherif Fahmy
365. Course Similarities Between 3 Branches of Posterior Division of Mandibular Nerve
366. Trunk of mandibular nerve Posterior division of mandibular n. Lingual nerve Chorda tympani n. Inferior alveolar n. Auriculo-temporal n. Anterior division of mandibular n. Dr. Sherif Fahmy Middle meningeal artery
367. Lateral petrygoid m. Chorda tympani n. Inferior alveolar n. Lingual n. Ramus of mandible Last molar Sublingual gland Dr. Sherif Fahmy Medial pterygoid muscle
368. 1- Auriculo-temporal Nerve
369. Lateral pterygoid m (cut) Posterior division of mandibular n. Auriculo-temporal n. Middle meningeal art. Neck of mandible Dr. Sherif Fahmy 2 roots of auriculo-temporal nerve
370. Auriculo- temporal nerve Superficial temporal vessels Upper end of parotid gland Auricle Zygomatic arch Dr. Sherif Fahmy
371. Otic ganglion Auriculo- temporal n. Parotid gland Post-ganglionic fibers Parasympathetic nerve supply of parotid gland Dr. Sherif Fahmy Dr. Sherif Fahmy
372. 2- Inferior Alveolar Nerve
373. Lateral pterygoid m (cut) Posterior division of mandibular n. Inferior alveolar nerve Dr. Sherif Fahmy
374. Lateral petrygoid m. Inferior alveolar n. Lingual n. Ramus of mandible Dr. Sherif Fahmy
375. Inner view Outer view Inferior alveolar nerve Myelohyoid nerve Mental br. Incisive br. Dr. Sherif Fahmy
376. 3- Lingual nerve
377. Lateral pterygoid m (cut) Posterior division of mandibular n. Lingual nerve Chorda tympani n.(Taste & Parasympathetic) Medial pterygoid m. Dr. Sherif Fahmy
378. Lateral petrygoid m. Chorda tympani n. Inferior alveolar n. Lingual n. Ramus of mandible Last molar Styloglossus m. Hyoglossus m. Submandibular ganglion Submandibular duct Genio- glossus m. Sublingual gland
379. Otic Ganglion (Page 101) Dr.Sherif Fahmy
380. Site, Size & Relations Dr.Sherif Fahmy
381. Foramen ovale Mandibular nerve (main trunk) Tensor palati m. Lateral pterygoid m. (cut) Otic ganglion (deep to mandibular n.) Dr.Sherif Fahmy
382. Roots & Branches Dr.Sherif Fahmy
383. Foramen ovale Mandibular nerve Parasympatheti c root (lesser superficial petrosal nerve) Sympathetic root (from plexus around middle meningeal artery) Medial pterygoid m. Motor root (from n. to medial pterygoid m.) Otic Ganglio n Auriculo- temporal n. Parotid gland Post-ganglionic fibers T.P. T.T . Dr.Sherif Fahmy Sensory root
384. Walls of Pterygo- palatine Fossa
385. Pterygoid process Back of maxilla Perpendicular plate of palatine bone
386. Back of maxilla Lateral pterygoid plate Perpendicular plate of palatine bone Pterygo-maxillary fissure
387. Communications
388. Spheno-palatine foramen Palato-vaginal canal Foramen rotundum Pterygoid canal Palatine canal Foramen for posterior superior alveolar vessels and nerve Inferior orbital fissure
389. Foramen Rotundum Foramen lacerum
390. Palato-vaginal canal Foramen lacerum Greater palatine foramen
391. SPHENO-PALATINE (PTERYGO- PALATINE) GANGLION (Page 101)
392. Trigeminal ganglion Mandibular nerve Ophthalmic n. Maxillary nerve Foramen rotandum Infra-orbital n. Spheno-palatine gangliom
393. Facial nerve Geniculate ganglion Greater superficial petrosal n. (parasympathetic root) Deep petrosal n. (Sympathetic root) Sensory root (br. From maxillary n. Sepheno- palatine ganglion) Branches of the ganglion
394. Greater Superficial Petrosal
395. Pons Sup. Salivary n. Internal auditory meatus Facial nerve Vestibulo- cochlear nerve Facial nerve
396. Pons Facial nerve Geniculate ganglion 1- Greater superficial petrosal n. F.Lacerum Pterygoid canal Spheno- palatine ganglion Petrous bone
397. Petrous bone Carotid canal Internal carotid a. Cartilage closing the lower aspect of foramen lacerum Cavernous sinus Intra-cranial course
398. Branches of Spheno-Palatine Ganglion
399. Spheno-palatine ganglion 1- Orbital br 2-Pharyngeal br 4- Long spheno- palatine br. 3- Short spheno- palatine br. 5- Greater palatine br. 6- Lesser palatine br.
400. Lesser palatine nerves Greater palatine foramen Greater palatine n. Incisive fossa Long spheno-palatine n. (Naso-palatine br.) Hard Palate