C++17 std::anyについて

nakameguro_feature.cpp vol.10
https://ebisu-effective-modern-cpp.connpass.com/event/104657/

での資料です!!

Transcript

1. $ 
   TUEBOZ ໨࣍ 
   ࣗݾ঺հ 
   ࠓ೔࿩͢͜ͱ 
   *
   ͷ࢖͍ํ 
   *
   ͷศརͳ࢖͍ํ 
   ࢀߟࢿྉ 
   ࣗݾ঺հ ੢ࢁ৴ߦ ೥͔ΒήʔϜϓϩάϥϚͱͯ͠׆ಈ 1$ɺՈఉ༻ήʔϜػɺεϚϗ ઐ໳ֶߍͰήʔϜϓϩάϥϛϯάΛڭ͑Δ ೔ຊిࢠઐ໳ֶߍ d ओʹ࣮श؂ಜ όϯλϯήʔϜΞΧσϛʔ d ʮ$ ͰήʔϜΛ࡞ΔʯΈ͍ͨͳ಺༰Ͱ·Δͬͱतۀ $ Λ৮Γ࢝Ίͨͷ͸೥͘Β͍͔Β
2. J04ͰήʔϜΛ࡞͍ͬͯ·͢ 
   ࠓ೔࿩͢͜ͱ $ Ͱ௥Ճ͞Εͨ
   *
   ͷ࢖͍ํͱศརͳ࢖͍ํ ͳʹͿΜ
   $ ॳ৺ऀ
   ͳͷͰποίϛ͓ئ͍͠·͢ 
   
   
    
   
   
   ͷ࢖͍ํ ΊͬͪΌ͍͍ࢿྉΛݟ͚ͭͨͷͰɺͦΕΛ࢖͍·͢ IUUQTHJUIVCDPN&[PF3ZPVDQQCPPLCMPCNBTUFSDQQMJCBOZNE 
   ิ଍ #include <any> #include <vector> #include <iostream> int main() { // sd p o auto a = std::make_any<std::vector<int>>({ 0, 1, 2, 3 }); std::cout << std::any_cast<std::vector<int>>(a)[1]
3. 
   
   
    
   
   
   ͷศརͳ࢖͍ํ *
   ʹ͍ͭͯ͸Θ͔͖ͬͯͨͷͰɺͲΜͳ࣌ʹ࢖͑Δͷ͔ͷ঺հ 
   ίϯςφͱซͤͯ࢖͏ << std::endl; } #include <iostream> #include <any> #include <vector> #include <map> int main() { // std::vector auto a = std::vector<std::any>{ -1, 8.5, "Hoge" }; std::cout << std::any_cast<const char*>(a[2]) << std::endl; // std::map auto b = std::map<std::string, std::any>{ { "a", -1 }, { "b", 8.5 }, { "c", "Hoge" }, };
4. ԿͰ΋֨ೲͰ͖Δίϯςφ
   ܕ҆શੑ
   ͱ͸ *
   ͸
   
   ͕ແ͍ͷͰ
   TUETFU
   ʹ͸࢖͑ͣɻ +40/ͷಡΈॻ͖Ͱ࢖͑ͦ͏ ਺஋ͱจࣈྻͷೖΓཚΕͨ஋ΛखؒΛ͔͚ͣʹѻ͑ͦ͏ 
   Πϕϯτॲཧ ήʔϜͰ͋Γ͕ͪͳ
   ˓˓͖͔͚ͬͰॲཧΛ͢Δ
   Λߟ͑Δ std::cout << std::any_cast<double>(b.at("b")) << std::endl; } #include <any> #include <set> int main() { std::set<std::any> s; std::any a; s.insert(a); } LRESULT CALLBACK WndProc(HWND hwnd , UINT msg , WPARAM wp , LPARAM lp)
5. 8JOEPXTͰΞϓϦΛ࡞Δͱ͖ͷϝοηʔδॲཧΛ͓खຊʹͯ͠ΈΔ { switch (msg) { case WM_DESTROY: // Window < PostQuitMessage(0); return 0; case WM_LBUTTONDOWN: // DoAnything(); // return 0; } return DefWindowProc(hwnd , msg , wp , lp); } #include <any> #include <functional> #include <vector> // enum { GAME_START, GAME_END, PLAYER_DEAD, }; // struct Item { // r t void event(int event_type)
6. { switch (event_type) { case GAME_START: // r break; default: break; } } }; // r void EventProc(int event_type) { switch (event_type) { case GAME_START: // r break; default: break; } } int main() { Item a; // t std::vector<std::function<void (int)>> func;
7. ؔ਺΍ϝϯόؔ਺Λɺؔ਺ϙΠϯλͱͯ͠ొ࿥ͯ͠ஞ࣍ݺͼग़͢ͷ͸͙͢Ͱ͖Δ͕ɺ໰୊ͳͷ͕ίʔϧόοΫؔ਺ͷʮҾ ਺ʯͷܕɻ $ݴޠͰ࣮૷͍ͯͨ࣌͠͸
   
   Ͱͨ͠ ͦ͜ͰҾ਺Λ
   *
   ʹͯ͠ΈΔ // func.push_back(std::bind(&Item::event, &a, std::placeholders::_1)); func.push_back(EventProc); // : v r for (auto& f : func) { f(GAME_START); } } #include <functional> #include <vector> #include <any> enum { GAME_START, GAME_END, PLAYER_DEAD, }; // GAME_START i t struct GameStartArg
8. { int a; float b; }; void EventProc(int event_type, std::any& arg) { switch (event_type) { case GAME_START: { // t o auto& a = std::any_cast<GameStartArg&>(arg); } break; default: break; } } int main() { // t ay std::vector<std::function<void (int, std::any&)>> func; // func.push_back(EventProc); // : t v r auto arg = std::make_any<GameStartArg>(GameStartArg{ -1, 0.5f }); for (auto& f : func) {
9. Ҿ਺༻ͷߏ଄ମΛ͍͍ͪͪఆٛ͢Δͷ͕ΊΜͲ͘͘͞ͳͬͨͷͰɺࠓ͸͜ͷํࣜ f(GAME_START, arg); } } #include <functional> #include <string> #include <vector> #include <map> #include <any> enum { GAME_START, GAME_END, PLAYER_DEAD, }; // t using Arguments = std::map<std::string, std::any>; void EventProc(int event_type, Arguments& arg) { switch (event_type) { case GAME_START: { // t o auto a = std::any_cast<int>(arg.at("a")); }
10. ΊͬͪΌศརɻ
    ܕ҆શੑ
    ͱ͸ɻ 
    6*ͷ֤छ෦඼Λѻ͏࣌ break; default: break; } } int main() { // t ay std::vector<std::function<void (int, Arguments&)>> func; // func.push_back(EventProc); // : t v r auto arg = Arguments{ { "a", -1 }, // int { "b", 0.5 }, // double }; for (auto& f : func) { f(GAME_START, arg); } }
11. ͋Γ͕ͪͳ6*ॲཧΛॻ͘ͱ͠·͢ #include <vector> #include <memory> // UI struct UIBase { virtual void draw() = 0; virtual ~UIBase() {} }; // struct UIBox : public UIBase { void draw() { // r } }; struct UICircle : public UIBase { void draw() { // r } }; int main() { // UI ay
12. ͜ͷ࣍ͷεςοϓͰׂͱࠔΔ 6*#PYͰͷαΠζࢦఆ 6*$JSDMFͰͷ൒ܘࢦఆ ৭ࢦఆ 6*ผͷॲཧ͕૿͑ͯΊΜͲ͘ͳΔɻͦ͜Ͱ
    *
    ͷग़൪ std::vector<std::shared_ptr<UIBase>> ui; ui.push_back(std::make_shared<UIBox>()); ui.push_back(std::make_shared<UICircle>()); // e n for (auto& obj : ui) { obj->draw(); } } #include <vector> #include <memory> #include <map> #include <string> #include <any> // UI using Params = std::map<std::string, std::any>;
13. // UI struct UIBase { virtual void setParams(Params& params) = 0; virtual void draw() = 0; virtual ~UIBase() {} }; // struct UIBox : public UIBase { void setParams(Params& params) { int w = std::any_cast<int>(params.at("width")); int h = std::any_cast<int>(params.at("height")); } void draw() { // r } }; struct UICircle : public UIBase { void setParams(Params& params) { int r = std::any_cast<int>(params.at("radius")); } void draw() { // r }
14. 6*ΛςΩετ͔Βߏங͢Δ࣌ʹΊͬͪΌศརɻ
    ܕ҆શੑ
    ͱ͸ɻ 
    ࢀߟࢿྉ }; int main() { // UI ay std::vector<std::shared_ptr<UIBase>> ui; ui.push_back(std::make_shared<UIBox>()); ui.push_back(std::make_shared<UICircle>()); auto params_box = Params{ { "width", 100 }, { "height", 150 }, }; ui[0]->setParams(params_box); auto params_circle = Params{ { "radius", 50 }, }; ui[1]->setParams(params_circle); // e n for (auto& obj : ui) { obj->draw(); } }
15. IUUQTKBDQQSFGFSFODFDPNXDQQVUJMJUZBOZ IUUQTHJUIVCDPN&[PF3ZPVDQQCPPL IUUQTXBOECPYPSH 7BMJEBUF