Unit Testing By Example

Everyone tells you that you need to test. You know the theory, but you don't know where to begin. What to test? What cases to write? Through realistic and pragmatic examples, this presentation will take you away from var_dump and ease you into the testing business until you're ready to do TDD. All this without losing sight of the tight deadlines.

Transcript

1. foolab.ca | @foolabca Unit Testing by Example FrOSCon, Sankt Augustin - August 22, 2015
2. Anna Filina • Developer • Problem solver • Teacher • Advisor 2
3. Objectives • Make testing enjoyable. • Make it useful. • Reduce pre-release stress. 3
4. You don’t become an expert overnight
5. You don’t start with 100% coverage
6. Testing without automation
7. Step 1: found bug $item = new CartItem("Skyrim", 30); $item->setQuantity(0.1); $this->assertEquals(1, $item->getQuantity()); 7
8. Step 1: found bug $item = new CartItem("Skyrim", 30); $item->setQuantity(0.1); $this->assertEquals(1, $item->getQuantity()); public function setQuantity($qty) { $this->qty = ceil($qty); } 8
9. Regression Testing
10. Step 2: improve code $item = new CartItem("Skyrim", 30); $item->setQuantity(2); $cart->addItem($item); $this->assertEquals(0, $cart->getShipping()); $this->assertEquals(60, $cart->getTotal()); 10
11. Step 2: improve code public function getShipping() { if ($this->getSubtotal() >= 40) { return 0; } else { return 15; } } 11
12. Test both cases $item = new CartItem("Skyrim", 30); $item->setQuantity(1); $cart->addItem($item); $this->assertEquals(15, $cart->getShipping()); $this->assertEquals(45, $cart->getTotal()); 12
13. Step 3: write code public function getTotal() { //... $taxes = $this->getApplicableTaxes(); foreach ($taxes as $tax) { $total += $subtotal * $tax->getPercent(); } //... } 13
14. Step 3: write code array (size=2) 0 => array (size=2) 'name' => string 'GST' (length=3) 'percent' => float 0.05 1 => array (size=2) 'name' => string 'QST' (length=3) 'percent' => float 0.09975 14
15. Step 3: write code $cart = new Cart(); $taxes = $cart->getApplicableTaxes(); $this->assertInternalType('array', $taxes); $this->assertCount(2, $taxes); $gst = $taxes[0]; $this->assertEquals(0.05, $gst->getPercent()); 15
16. Advantages • More tests. • Easy to write. • Never fall too far. 16
17. Data from CSV
18. Step 4: before (TDD) $import = new CatalogImport(); $products = $import->parseFromCsv('catalog.csv'); $this->assertInternalType('array', $products); $this->assertCount(2, $products); $this->assertArrayHasKey('name', $products[0]); $this->assertArrayHasKey('price', $products[0]); 18
19. Tips • How it’s not supposed to work. • Plan for exceptions. • Focus on realistic scenarios. 19
20. Don't waste time $total = 5; $this->assertNotNull($total); 20
21. Recap • Testing takes practice • Write tests when you see a bug • Write tests when you improve code
 • Write tests as you write new code • Write tests before you write code • Test unexpected scenarios 21
22. Cyclomatic Complexity 22
23. Execution Paths public function getShipping() { if ($this->subtotal >= 50) { return 0; } return $this->shipping; } 23
24. Example 24 start product loop free shipping? gift wrap? end
25. Zero times foreach ($products as $product) { $total = $product->price * $product->quantity; } if ($total > 0) { echo 'found'; } 25
26. Multiple times $total = 0; foreach ($products as $product) { $total = $product->price * $product->quantity; } if ($total > 0) { echo 'found'; } 26
27. Anna Filina • Development: PHP, JS, etc. • Fix problems: bugs, performance, etc. • Workshops: testing, Symfony, AngularJS, API, etc. • Advisor: testing strategy, legacy code, etc. 27
28. @afilina afilina.com