Cocoa is the new Carbon: The Future of Apple’s Beloved Framework

In this talk, Adrian provides lots of speculation and highly arguable unverified gossip, about how the design of Swift will lead Apple to redesign Cocoa into new directions, and maybe replacing it altogether. Some code examples will help him defend a point that nobody outside of Cupertino can sustain for sure.

Presentation given in Zürich, Switzerland, February 26th, 2015.

The speech of the presentation can be found here:
https://akos.ma/blog/cocoa-is-the-new-carbon-the-future-of-apples-beloved-framework/

Transcript

1. Cocoa is the new Carbon The Future of Apple’s Beloved Framework © akosma 2015 1
2. Adrian Kosmaczewski @akosma https://github.com/akosma © akosma 2015 2
3. “Everything changes and nothing stands still.” Heraclitus of Ephesus, (535 - 475 BC) © akosma 2015 3
4. “Πάντα χωρεῖ καὶ οὐδὲν μένει” Ἡράκλειτος © akosma 2015 4
5. © akosma 2015 5
6. © akosma 2015 6
7. 6502 → 68000 → PowerPC → Intel → ARM © akosma 2015 7
8. 8 bit → 16 bit → 32 bit → 64 bit © akosma 2015 8
9. Integer Basic → Object Pascal & MacApp → C++ & Metrowerks PowerPlant → Objective-C & Cocoa → Swift & Standard Library © akosma 2015 9
10. Procedural → Object Oriented → Functional © akosma 2015 10
11. “"Plus ça change, plus c'est la même chose."” Jean-Baptiste Alphonse Karr (1808 - 1890) © akosma 2015 11
12. Heraclitus ! Jean-Baptiste © akosma 2015 12
13. Transitional Technologies © akosma 2015 13
14. Mac 68k Emulator 1992 - 2008 (!) © akosma 2015 14
15. Macintosh Application Environment 1994 - 1998 © akosma 2015 15
16. Classic Environment Deprecated in OS X 10.5 "Leopard" 2000 - 2008 © akosma 2015 16
17. Carbon Deprecated in OS X 10.8 "Mountain Lion" 2000 - 2012 #if __i386__ #include <Carbon/Carbon.h> #else #include <Carbon.h> #endif © akosma 2015 17
18. The LLVM Compiler Infrastructure 2003 - now © akosma 2015 18
19. Rosetta Deprecated in OS X 10.7 "Lion" 2006 - 2011 © akosma 2015 19
20. Universal Binaries © akosma 2015 20
21. Objective-C 2.0 (1/2) 2006 - now // Before @implementation SomeClass - (NSObject *)stuff { return _stuff; } - (void)setStuff:(NSObject *)newStuff { [newStuff retain]; [_stuff release]; _stuff = newStuff; } @end © akosma 2015 21
22. Objective-C 2.0 (2/2) 2006 - now // After @interface SomeClass @property (nonatomic, strong) NSObject *stuff; @end © akosma 2015 22
23. LLVM Around 2009 → Xcode Static Analyzer → Automatic Resource Counting (ARC) © akosma 2015 23
24. Cocoa 1988 - now Deprecated in 5… 4… 3… ! @import Cocoa; © akosma 2015 24
25. nullable Objective-C Pointers 1 ! @interface LocationDataController : NSObject @property (nonnull, nonatomic) NSArray *locations; @property (nullable, nonatomic) Location *latestLocation; - (void)addPhoto:(nonnull Photo *)photo forLocation:(nonnull Location *)location; - (nullable Photo *)photoForLocation:(nonnull Location *)location; @end 1 "Swift 1.2" by Nate Cook © akosma 2015 25
26. Cocoa should remain for backwards compatibility during 10 years at least, until 2025! © akosma 2015 26
27. © akosma 2015 27
28. What is Swift? © akosma 2015 28
29. Modern Safe Fast Interoperable © akosma 2015 29
30. © akosma 2015 30
31. Features © akosma 2015 31
32. Protocols, Pattern Matching Generics, Tuples, Optionals, Enums Strong Typing, Type Inference Structs, Functions © akosma 2015 32
33. OOP features of Swift are based in Functional primitives and mechanisms! © akosma 2015 33
34. Inspiration © akosma 2015 34
35. C#, JavaScript, Haskell, Erlang, Ruby, C++, Java, Scala © akosma 2015 35
36. © akosma 2015 36
37. How would the successor of Cocoa look like? © akosma 2015 37
38. Gedankenexperiment ! © akosma 2015 38
39. © akosma 2015 39
40. Swift Standard Library let array = [10, 200, 3000] for (pos, value) in enumerate(array) { println("\(pos): \(value)") } // 0: 10 // 1: 200 // 2: 3000 © akosma 2015 40
41. LINQ (1/2) public void linq() { List<Product> products = GetProductList(); var expensive = from p in products where p.Stock > 0 && p.Price > 1000 select p; foreach (var product in expensive) { Console.WriteLine(product.Name); } } © akosma 2015 41
42. LINQ (2/2) func linq(){ let products = productsList() let expensive = products .find { p in p.stock > 0 && p.price > 1000 } for p in expensive { println(p.name) } } © akosma 2015 42
43. © akosma 2015 43
44. Dollar.swift let double = { (params: Int...) -> [Int] in return $.map(params) { $0 * 2 } } let subtractTen = { (params: Int...) -> [Int] in return $.map(params) { $0 - 10 } } let doubleSubtractTen = $.compose(double, subtractTen) doubleSubtractTen(5, 6, 7) => [0, 2, 4] © akosma 2015 44
45. Alamofire let user = "user" let password = "password" Alamofire.request(.GET, "http://somewhere.over/the.rainbow") .authenticate(user: user, password: password) .validate(statusCode: 200..<300) .responseString { (_, _, string, _) in println(string) } .responseJSON { (_, _, JSON, _) in println(JSON) } © akosma 2015 45
46. Notification Center (1/3) struct Notification<A> { let name: String } func postNotification<A>(note: Notification<A>, value: A) { let userInfo = ["value": Box(value)] let center = NSNotificationCenter.defaultCenter() center.postNotificationName(note.name, object: nil, userInfo: userInfo) } © akosma 2015 46
47. Notification Center (2/3) class NotificationObserver { let observer: NSObjectProtocol init(notification: Notification<A>, block aBlock: A -> ()) { let center = NSNotificationCenter.defaultCenter() observer = center.addObserverForName(notification.name, object: nil, queue: nil) { note in if let value = (note.userInfo?["value"] as? Box<A>)?.unbox { aBlock(value) } } } deinit { … } } © akosma 2015 47
48. Notification Center (3/3) let notif: Notification<NSError> = Notification(name: "Global panic") let myError: NSError = NSError(domain: "io.objc.sample", code: 42, userInfo: [:]) postNotification(notif, myError) let observer = NotificationObserver(notification: notif) { err in println(err.localizedDescription) } © akosma 2015 48
49. Events (1/2) class Event<T> { typealias EventHandler = T -> () private var eventHandlers = [EventHandler]() func addHandler(handler: EventHandler) { eventHandlers.append(handler) } func raise(data: T) { for handler in eventHandlers { handler(data) } } } © akosma 2015 49
50. Events (2/2) let event = Event<Void>() event.addHandler { println("Hello") } event.addHandler { println("World") } event.raise() // What? let event = Event<(String, String)>() event.addHandler { a, b in println("Hello \(a), \(b)") } event.raise("First", "Second") © akosma 2015 50
51. SwiftyUserDefaults Defaults["color"] = "red" Defaults["launchCount"] = 0 Defaults["color"] ?= "white" Defaults["firstLaunchAt"].date // returns NSDate? Defaults["launchCount"] += 1 if !Defaults.hasKey("hotkey") { Defaults.remove("hotkeyOptions") } © akosma 2015 51
52. SwiftMoment let today = moment() let before = moment("2015-01-19") let earlier = before < today // true let soon = today + 1.hours let duration = 5.hours + 56.minutes let format = "EE yyyy/dd MMMM HH:mm" let birthday = moment("Tue 1973/4 September 12:30", format)! let str = birthday.format(dateFormat: "EE QQQQ yyyy/dd/MMMM") // "Tue 3rd quarter 1973/04/September" © akosma 2015 52
53. Are we there yet? Hint: no. © akosma 2015 53
54. Protocols, Pattern Matching Generics, Tuples, Optionals, Enums Strong Typing, Type Inference Structs, Functions © akosma 2015 54
55. Functions and structs instead of objects and classes © akosma 2015 55
56. Not all is OK What about reflection? Documentation? UI? © akosma 2015 56
57. Time will tell ! © akosma 2015 57
58. Thanks! ! © akosma 2015 58
59. Adrian Kosmaczewski @akosma https://github.com/akosma © akosma 2015 59
60. Special thanks to Junior Bontognali @bontojr for the organisation Fabrice Truillot de Chambrier @fabricetdc And the great people I follow on Twitter © akosma 2015 60
61. Slides created with Deckset © akosma 2015 61