Introduction to Ubuntu

Transcript

1. Arash Badie Modiri Shahid Beheshti University November 2011 An introduction to And some general Linux/UNIX consepts
2. What Is Linux Kernel? Linux is UNIX-like oprating system kernel, used by linux family of oprating systems.
3. What Is a Linux Distribution? A linux distributions (commonly known as “linux” or “distro”) is a complete OS built on top of linux kernel. Ubuntu as well as Debian, Fedora, openSUSE, Gentoo (and 600 more) are examples of linux distros.
4. What Is a Linux Distribution? Raspberry Pi 25$ PC
5. What Is a Linux Distribution? My wireless access point and router @home
6. What Is a Linux Distribution? Jaguar Supercomputer
7. Why?
8. ….
9. Srsly, Why? Maintanence - Forget about scanning for viruses and spyware, defragmenting, cleaning registry database, frequent rebooting etc. Stability - Individual apps might crash, but the operating system itself crashing is very rare. Community - Linux has been described as a "world wide team sport". Diversity - There are many different Linux distributions from different vendors or community projects, for different purposes, providing very different user experiences. Trying something new - Simply trying something new and different can in itself be motivating for many people.
10. What Are Permissions? • Files and directories are owned by a user • Files and directories are assigned to a group • Users are memmbers of many groups • We need permission to read, write or execute a file owner group other rwx --- --- Owner can do anything but no other user can even see the file. rwx r-- r-- All users can read contents of file, but only owner can edit or execute it. rw- rw- rw- Anyone can read and edit but no one can execute it.
11. What Is a Super User?
12. What Is a Package? A package is a piece of software or asssets: • A library to handle png files (libpng) • A web browser (chromium-browser) • A handful of fonts (ttf-farsiweb)
13. What's The Difference? • Centralized management of installed software • Dependency management • Verifying origin of packages • Upgrading software to latest versions form upstream • Ease of use
14. What's The Difference? • Automatically downloads last version of all dependencies from repository. • Verifies content of each package using signature • Configures the system if needed. sudo apt-get install gimp
15. What's The Difference? • Automatically removes the package files and roles back configuration changes. • Marks all packages that are installed as a dependency of this package for remove. sudo apt-get purge gimp
16. What Is The Filesystem Hierarchy Standard? • It it a tree with just one root: "/" • All folders, partitions and external storages are connected as a branch of this tree: "/media/Transcend" is my 4GB flash storage. Or “Where the hell is my c:\ ?”
17. What's The Difference? Files are categorized by their usage • All configuration files are in /etc • All system binery (executable) files are in /sbin and /usr/sbin • All libraries are in /lib and /usr/lib • And so on...
18. What's The Difference? /home/arashbm/ Your home folder (/home/username or “~”) is where you store all your documents, pictures or anything which is yours. This is the only part of your file system which you will use on a daily basis.
19. What Is Ubuntu? Ubuntu is a linux distro based on Debian, leaded and founded by Mark Shuttleworth (or “Self-Appointed Benevolent Dictator for Life”) and developed by thousends of awsome people.
20. What Is Ubuntu? 11.10 Oneiric Ocelot
21. What's The Difference?
22. What's The Difference?
23. What's The Difference?
24. What's The Difference? Empathy LibreOffice Firefox Thunderbird
25. What's The Difference? http://askubuntu.com