Academy Health Workshop 2014

Best Practices in Data Visualization

Transcript

1. Best Practices in Data Visualization VisualizingEconomics.com Catherine Mulbrandon catherine@visualizingeconomics.com @visualecon
2. VisualizingEconomics.com 2006 2010 2014
3. VisualizingEconomics.com What I do... Sep 2010 1950 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 -20% -15% -10% -5% 0% 5% 10% 15% Data from: nance.yahoo.com 10/19/87 How Volatile is the US Stock Market? Daily price change of S&P 500 grouped by year VisualizingEconomics.com 10/15/08 12/1/08 9/29/08 10/26/87 10/9/08 10/27/97 8/31/98 1/8/88 11/20/08 5/28/62 9/26/55 10/13/89 11/9/08 10/22/08 4/14/00 10/7/08 6/26/50 1/20/09 11/5/08 11/12/08 10/16/87 1987 Crash 10/13/08 10/28/08 10/21/87 3/23/09 11/13/08 11/24/08 3/10/09 11/13/08 7/24/02 9/30/08 7/29/02 10/20/87 12/16/08 10/28/97 9/8/98 15 days with a bounce greater than 5% 22 days with a drop greater than 5% Answer basic questions about the economy Using single chart or “small multiples” Show all the data I can Annotate to give context, document findings Explanatory, Not exploratory
4. VisualizingEconomics.com Designing for the “Explainers”
5. Support 3 Levels of Reading
6. VisualizingEconomics.com
7. VisualizingEconomics.com Source: Semiology of Graphics Overall
8. VisualizingEconomics.com Intermediate Source: Semiology of Graphics
9. VisualizingEconomics.com Source: Semiology of Graphics Elementary
11. Visually Encode the Data
12. VisualizingEconomics.com Common Graphic Elements Posi%on Length Angle Slope Area Intensity Color Shape
13. VisualizingEconomics.com Pie Charts Angle Area Area
14. VisualizingEconomics.com Scatter Plots and Line Graphs Gaming supervisors Coaches and scouts Writers and authors 90,000 0 10,000 20,000 30,000 40,000 50,000 60,000 70,000 80,000 Gaming supervisors Coaches and scouts Writers and authors 90,000 0 10,000 20,000 30,000 40,000 50,000 60,000 70,000 80,000 Posi%on Slope Posi%on
15. VisualizingEconomics.com Bar Charts Bar Charts Stacked Bar Chart Length
16. VisualizingEconomics.com Data Accuracy More accurate Less accurate None Low, Medium, High North, South, East, West Categories Ranking Numbers 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 Posi%on Length Angle Slope Area Intensity Color Shape
17. VisualizingEconomics.com 1,000 1,000 1,100 1,100 Length Area Area vs Length
18. VisualizingEconomics.com 1,000 1,000 1,100 1,100 Length Area 10% bigger 10% longer Area vs Length
19. VisualizingEconomics.com Ranking More accurate Less accurate None Low, Medium, High North, South, East, West Categories Ranking Numbers 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 Posi%on Length Angle Slope Area Intensity Color Shape
20. VisualizingEconomics.com Intensity
21. VisualizingEconomics.com Categories More accurate Less accurate None Low, Medium, High North, South, East, West Categories Ranking Numbers 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 Posi%on Length Angle Slope Area Intensity Color Shape
22. VisualizingEconomics.com Color Intensity Area Shape Seeing Patterns
23. VisualizingEconomics.com Highly Selective Color Intensity Area Shape
24. VisualizingEconomics.com Highly Associative Color Intensity Area Shape
25. VisualizingEconomics.com Color: Associative and Selective Color Intensity Area Shape
26. VisualizingEconomics.com Color Schemes Sequential Qualitative Divergent Low Medium High US UK Canada Mexico Japan Negative None Positive Intensity Color5(Hue) Color5(Hue) Intensity Color5(Hue)
27. VisualizingEconomics.com Color Intensity
28. Beware the Rainbow Effect Borkin, M., Gajos, K., Peters, A., Mitsouras, D., Melchionna, S., Rybicki, F., Feldman, C., & Pfister, H., 2011, "Evaluation of Artery Visualizations for Heart Disease Diagnosis", IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics (Proceedings of InfoVis 2011), 17, 12, 2479. Presentation: PDF. More Efficient Sequential Preferred Rainbow
29. VisualizingEconomics.com Color Brewer
30. Uses and Abuses of Axes
31. VisualizingEconomics.com Small Multiples: Align the Axis to support reading 90,000 20,000 30,000 40,000 50,000 60,000 70,000 80,000 Gaming supervisors Photographers Coaches and scouts Art directors Writers and authors 90,000 20,000 30,000 40,000 50,000 60,000 70,000 80,000 Gaming supervisors Photographers Coaches and scouts Art directors Writers and authors 90,000 20,000 30,000 40,000 50,000 60,000 70,000 80,000 Gaming supervisors Photographers Coaches and scouts Art directors Writers and authors 90,000 20,000 30,000 40,000 50,000 60,000 70,000 80,000 Gaming supervisors Photographers Coaches and scouts Art directors Writers and authors Top to Bottom Left to Right
32. VisualizingEconomics.com Share of Population vs Share of Income 100% 0 20 40 60 80 100% 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 Cumulative Share of Population Equal Distribution 1979 2007 100% 0 20 40 60 80 100% 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 Cumulative Share of Population Cumulative Share of Population Cumulative Share of Population Cumulative Share of Income Equal Distribution 1979 2007 100% 0 20 40 60 80 100% 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 Equal Distribution 1979 2007 100% 0 20 40 60 80 100% 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 Cumulative Share of Income 1979 2007 Equal Distribution Capital Business Capital Gains Labor
33. Gaming supervisors 80,000 40,000 50,000 60,000 70,000 VisualizingEconomics.com Distortion of Proportion About 50% longer Gaming supervisors 80,000 0 10,000 20,000 30,000 40,000 50,000 60,000 70,000 About 20% longer
34. Gaming supervisors 80,000 40,000 50,000 60,000 70,000 VisualizingEconomics.com Distortion of Proportion About 50% longer Gaming supervisors 80,000 0 10,000 20,000 30,000 40,000 50,000 60,000 70,000 About 20% longer
35. Graphic Design Principles
36. VisualizingEconomics.com Visual Hierarchy Line 0.25 px Line 1 px Line 3 px Small Big
37. VisualizingEconomics.com Start with a “Clean” Graph
38. VisualizingEconomics.com Annual Income $0! $30,000! $60,000! $90,000! Gaming supervisors! Recreation workers! Photographers! Managers of personal service Coaches and scouts! Multi-media artists and animators! Art directors! Fitness trainers and aerobics Writers and authors! Musicians and singers!
39. VisualizingEconomics.com Sortation Annual Income $0! $30,000! $60,000! $90,000! Musicians and singers! Writers and authors! Fitness trainers and aerobics Art directors! Multi-media artists and animators! Coaches and scouts! Managers of personal service Photographers! Recreation workers! Gaming supervisors!
40. $0! $30,000! $60,000! $90,000! Gaming supervisors! Recreation workers! Photographers! Managers of personal service Coaches and scouts! Multi-media artists and animators! Art directors! Fitness trainers and aerobics Writers and authors! Musicians and singers! VisualizingEconomics.com Contrast Annual Income
41. $0! $30,000! $60,000! $90,000! Gaming supervisors! Recreation workers! Photographers! Managers of personal service Coaches and scouts! Multi-media artists and animators! Art directors! Fitness trainers and aerobics Writers and authors! Musicians and singers! VisualizingEconomics.com Color Annual Income
42. $0! $30,000! $60,000! $90,000! Gaming supervisors! Recreation workers! Photographers! Managers of personal service Coaches and scouts! Multi-media artists and animators! Art directors! Fitness trainers and aerobics Writers and authors! Musicians and singers! VisualizingEconomics.com Source: Bureau of Labor Statistics Year 2012 Annual Income Annotations go here
43. $0! $30,000! $60,000! $90,000! Gaming supervisors! Recreation workers! Photographers! Managers of personal service Coaches and scouts! Multi-media artists and animators! Art directors! Fitness trainers and aerobics Writers and authors! Musicians and singers! VisualizingEconomics.com Annotations go here Average Source: Bureau of Labor Statistics Year 2012 Annual Income
44. $0! $30,000! $60,000! $90,000! Gaming supervisors! Recreation workers! Photographers! Managers of personal service Coaches and scouts! Multi-media artists and animators! Art directors! Fitness trainers and aerobics Writers and authors! Musicians and singers! VisualizingEconomics.com Annotations go here Average Source: Bureau of Labor Statistics Year 2012 Annual Income
45. Tools
46. VisualizingEconomics.com OmniGraphSketcher
47. VisualizingEconomics.com R Project for Statistical Computing
48. VisualizingEconomics.com Illustrator
49. VisualizingEconomics.com TheNounProject.com
50. VisualizingEconomics.com Healthcare Icons by DutchIcon
51. VisualizingEconomics.com R Tutorials FlowingData.com by Nathan Yau
52. VisualizingEconomics.com
53. VisualizingEconomics.com Catherine Mulbrandon catherine@visualizingeconomics.com @visualecon