CI/CD For Modern Applications

How can you accelerate the delivery of new, high-quality services? How can you be able to experiment and get feedback quickly from your customers? To get the most out of the agility afforded by serverless and containers, it is essential to build CI/CD pipelines that help teams iterate on code and quickly release features. In this talk, we demonstrate how developers can build effective CI/CD release workflows to manage their serverless or containerized deployments on AWS. We cover infrastructure-as-code (IaC) application models, such as AWS Serverless Application Model (AWS SAM) and new imperative IaC tools. We also demonstrate how to set up CI/CD release pipelines with AWS CodePipeline and AWS CodeBuild, and we show you how to automate safer deployments with AWS CodeDeploy.

Transcript

1. © 2019, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its affiliates. All rights reserved. CI/CD for Modern Applications Darko Meszaros Senior Developer Advocate Amazon Web Services M A D 1 2 2 . 0 1 . 2 0 2 0 @darkosubotica In/darko-mesaros
2. © 2019, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Development transformation at Amazon: 2001–2002 monolithic application + teams 2001 Lesson learned: decompose for agility 2002 microservices + 2 pizza teams
3. © 2019, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Full ownership Full accountability “DevOps” Focused innovation Two-pizza teams
4. © 2019, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Monolith development lifecycle monitor release test build developers delivery pipelines services
5. © 2019, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Microservice development lifecycle ??? developers delivery pipelines services
6. © 2019, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Microservice development lifecycle developers services monitor release test build delivery pipelines monitor release test build monitor release test build monitor release test build monitor release test build monitor release test build
7. © 2019, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Listen Iterate Experiment Innovation Flywheel Experiments power the engine of rapid innovation
8. © 2019, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its affiliates. All rights reserved. What changes do you need to make to adopt these best practices? Serverless No provisioning/management Automatic scaling Pay for value billing Availability and resiliency Microservices Componentization Business capabilities Products not projects Infrastructure automation DevOps Cultural philosophies Cross-disciplinary teams CI/CD Automation tools DEV OPS Architectural patterns Operational Model Software Delivery
9. © 2019, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its affiliates. All rights reserved. What is serverless? No infrastructure provisioning, no management Automatic scaling Pay for value Highly available and secure
10. © 2019, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Comparison of operational responsibility AWS Lambda Serverless functions AWS Fargate Serverless containers ECS/EKS Container-management as a service EC2 Infrastructure-as-a-Service More opinionated Less opinionated AWS manages Customer manages • Data source integrations • Physical hardware, software, networking, and facilities • Provisioning • Application code • Container orchestration, provisioning • Cluster scaling • Physical hardware, host OS/kernel, networking, and facilities • Application code • Data source integrations • Security config and updates, network config, management tasks • Container orchestration control plane • Physical hardware software, networking, and facilities • Application code • Data source integrations • Work clusters • Security config and updates, network config, firewall, management tasks • Physical hardware software, networking, and facilities • Application code • Data source integrations • Scaling • Security config and updates, network config, management tasks • Provisioning, managing scaling and patching of servers
11. © 2019, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Approaches to modern application development • Simplify environment management • Reduce the impact of code changes • Automate operations • Accelerate the delivery of new, high-quality services • Gain insight across resources and applications • Protect customers and the business
12. © 2019, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Approaches to modern application development • Simplify environment management with serverless technologies • Reduce the impact of code changes with microservice architectures • Automate operations by modeling applications & infrastructure as code • Accelerate the delivery of new, high-quality services with CI/CD • Gain insight across resources and applications by enabling observability • Protect customers and the business with end-to-end security & compliance
13. © 2019, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Approaches to modern application development • Simplify environment management with serverless technologies • Reduce the impact of code changes with microservice architectures • Automate operations by modeling applications & infrastructure as code • Accelerate the delivery of new, high-quality services with CI/CD • Gain insight across resources and applications by enabling observability • Protect customers and the business with end-to-end security & compliance
14. © 2019, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Approaches to modern application development • Simplify environment management with serverless technologies • Reduce the impact of code changes with microservice architectures • Automate operations by modeling applications & infrastructure as code • Accelerate the delivery of new, high-quality services with CI/CD • Gain insight across resources and applications by enabling observability • Protect customers and the business with end-to-end security & compliance
15. © 2019, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Release process stages Source Build Test Production
16. © 2019, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Release process stages Source Build Test Production • Integration tests with other systems • Load testing • UI tests • Security testing • Check-in source code such as .java files • Peer review new code • Compile code • Unit tests • Style checkers • Create container images and function deployment packages • Deployment to production environments • Monitor code in production to quickly detect errors
17. © 2019, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Release process stages Source Build Test Production
18. © 2019, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Release process stages Source Build Test Production
19. © 2019, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Pillars of releasing modern applications
20. © 2019, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Pillars of releasing modern applications Infrastructure as code
21. © 2019, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Infrastructure as code Declarative I tell you what I need I tell you what to do Imperative
22. © 2019, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Infrastructure as code goals 1. Make infrastructure changes repeatable and predictable 2. Release infrastructure changes using the same tools as code changes 3. Replicate production environment in a staging environment to enable continuous testing
23. © 2019, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Release infrastructure-as-code “Master” branch Prepare template Create & execute change set Create & execute change set
24. © 2019, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Model function environments with AWS Serverless Application Model (SAM) • Open source framework for building serverless applications on AWS • Shorthand syntax to express functions, APIs, databases, and event source mappings • Transforms and expands SAM syntax into AWS CloudFormation syntax on deployment • Supports all AWS CloudFormation resource types https://aws.amazon.com/serverless/sam/
25. © 2019, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its affiliates. All rights reserved. SAM template AWSTemplateFormatVersion: '2010-09-09’ Transform: AWS::Serverless-2016-10-31 Resources: GetFunction: Type: AWS::Serverless::Function Properties: Handler: index.get Runtime: nodejs8.10 CodeUri: src/ Policies: - DynamoDBReadPolicy: TableName: !Ref MyTable Events: GetResource: Type: Api Properties: Path: /resource/{resourceId} Method: get MyTable: Type: AWS::Serverless::SimpleTable Just 20 lines to create: • Lambda function • IAM role • API Gateway • DynamoDB table
26. © 2019, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Use SAM CLI to package and deploy SAM templates pip install --user aws-sam-cli sam logs sam validate sam local sam init sam build sam package sam deploy sam publish New
27. © 2019, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Model container environments with AWS Cloud Development Kit (CDK) • Open source framework to define cloud infrastructure • JavaScript, TypeScript, and Python, (Java, and C# in developer preview) • Provides library of higher-level resource types (“construct” classes) that have AWS best practices built in by default • Provisions resources with CloudFormation • Supports all CloudFormation resource types AWS CDK https://awslabs.github.io/aws-cdk
28. © 2019, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its affiliates. All rights reserved. CDK template import ec2 = require('@aws-cdk/aws-ec2'); import ecs = require('@aws-cdk/aws-ecs'); import cdk = require('@aws-cdk/cdk'); class BonjourFargate extends cdk.Stack { constructor(parent: cdk.App, name: string, props?: cdk.StackProps) { super(parent, name, props); const vpc = new ec2.VpcNetwork(this, 'MyVpc', { maxAZs: 2 }); const cluster = new ecs.Cluster(this, 'Cluster', { vpc }); new ecs.LoadBalancedFargateService( this, "FargateService", { cluster, image: ecs.DockerHub.image("amazon/amazon-ecs-sample"), }); } } const app = new cdk.App(); new BonjourFargate(app, 'Bonjour'); app.run();
29. © 2019, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its affiliates. All rights reserved. import ec2 = require('@aws-cdk/aws-ec2'); import ecs = require('@aws-cdk/aws-ecs'); import cdk = require('@aws-cdk/cdk'); class BonjourFargate extends cdk.Stack { constructor(parent: cdk.App, name: string, props?: cdk.StackProps) { super(parent, name, props); const vpc = new ec2.VpcNetwork(this, 'MyVpc', { maxAZs: 2 }); const cluster = new ecs.Cluster(this, 'Cluster', { vpc }); new ecs.LoadBalancedFargateService( this, "FargateService", { cluster, image: ecs.DockerHub.image("amazon/amazon-ecs-sample"), }); } } const app = new cdk.App(); new BonjourFargate(app, 'Bonjour'); app.run(); CDK template
30. © 2019, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its affiliates. All rights reserved. CDK template import ec2 = require('@aws-cdk/aws-ec2'); import ecs = require('@aws-cdk/aws-ecs'); import cdk = require('@aws-cdk/cdk'); class BonjourFargate extends cdk.Stack { constructor(parent: cdk.App, name: string, props?: cdk.StackProps) { super(parent, name, props); const vpc = new ec2.VpcNetwork(this, 'MyVpc', { maxAZs: 2 }); const cluster = new ecs.Cluster(this, 'Cluster', { vpc }); new ecs.LoadBalancedFargateService( this, "FargateService", { cluster, image: ecs.DockerHub.image("amazon/amazon-ecs-sample"), }); } } const app = new cdk.App(); new BonjourFargate(app, 'Bonjour'); app.run();
31. © 2019, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Use CDK CLI to synthesize and deploy CDK templates npm install -g aws-cdk cdk init app --language typescript cdk synth cdk diff cdk deploy Cdk destroy
32. © 2019, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Pillars of releasing modern applications Infrastructure as code
33. © 2019, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Pillars of releasing modern applications Continuous integration
34. © 2019, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Continuous integration goals Source Build Test Production
35. © 2019, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Continuous integration goals 1. Automatically kick off a new release when new code is checked in 2. Build and test code in a consistent, repeatable environment 3. Continually have an artifact ready for deployment 4. Continually close feedback loop when build fails
36. © 2019, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its affiliates. All rights reserved. AWS CodePipeline • Continuous delivery service for fast and reliable application updates • Model and visualize your software release process • Builds, tests, and deploys your code every time there is a code change • Integrates with third-party tools and AWS
37. © 2019, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its affiliates. All rights reserved. AWS CodePipeline: Supported sources Pick branch AWS CodeCommit GitHub Pick object or folder Amazon S3 Pick Docker tag Amazon ECR Automatically kick off release and pull latest source code
38. © 2019, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its affiliates. All rights reserved. AWS CodePipeline: ECR source action Source code: “master” branch ECR repository: “release” tag
39. © 2019, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its affiliates. All rights reserved. AWS CodePipeline: Supported triggers Automatically kick off release Amazon CloudWatch Events • Scheduled (nightly release) • AWS Health events (Fargate platform retirement) Available in CloudWatch Events console, API, SDK, CLI, and AWS CloudFormation Webhooks • DockerHub • Quay • Artifactory Available in CodePipeline API, SDK, CLI, and CloudFormation
40. © 2019, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its affiliates. All rights reserved. AWS CodeBuild • Fully managed build service that compiles source code, runs tests, and produces software packages • Scales continuously and processes multiple builds concurrently • No build servers to manage • Pay by the minute, only for the compute resources you use • Monitor builds through CloudWatch Events
41. © 2019, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its affiliates. All rights reserved. AWS CodeBuild • Each build runs in a new Docker container for a consistent, immutable environment • Docker and AWS CLI are installed in every official CodeBuild image • Provide custom build environments suited to your needs through the use of Docker images
42. © 2019, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its affiliates. All rights reserved. AWS CodeBuild: Lambda buildspec version: 0.2 phases: build: commands: - npm ci - npm test - > aws cloudformation package --template-file template.yaml --output-template packaged.yaml --s3-bucket $BUCKET artifacts: type: zip files: - packaged.yaml
43. © 2019, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its affiliates. All rights reserved. AWS CodeBuild: Lambda buildspec using SAM CLI version: 0.2 phases: install: commands: - pip install --upgrade awscli aws-sam-cli build: commands: - sam build - sam package --s3-bucket $BUCKET --output-template-file packaged.yaml artifacts: type: zip files: - packaged.yaml
44. © 2019, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its affiliates. All rights reserved. AWS CodeBuild: Docker buildspec version: 0.2 phases: build: commands: - $(aws ecr get-login --no-include-email) - docker build -t $IMAGE_REPO_NAME:$IMAGE_TAG . - docker tag $IMAGE_REPO_NAME:$IMAGE_TAG $ECR_REPO:$IMAGE_TAG - docker push $ECR_REPO:$IMAGE_TAG
45. © 2019, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Pillars of releasing modern applications Continuous integration
46. © 2019, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Pillars of releasing modern applications Continuous deployment
47. © 2019, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Continuous deployment goals Source Build Test Production
48. © 2019, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Continuous deployment goals 1. Automatically deploy new changes to staging environments for testing 2. Deploy to production safely without impacting customers 3. Deliver to customers faster: Increase deployment frequency, and reduce change lead time and change failure rate
49. © 2019, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its affiliates. All rights reserved. AWS CodeDeploy • Automates code deployments to any instance and Lambda • Handles the complexity of updating your applications • Avoid downtime during application deployment • Roll back automatically if failure detected • Deploy to Amazon EC2, Lambda, or on-premises servers
50. © 2019, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its affiliates. All rights reserved. CodeDeploy-Lambda deployments • Shifts traffic using Lambda function weighted aliases • Choose canary (“shift 10% of traffic for 10 minutes, then shift rest”) or linear (“shift 10% more traffic every 10 minutes”) • Validation “hooks” enable testing at each stage of the deployment • Fast rollback in seconds if case of hook failure or CloudWatch alarms • Monitor deployment status and history via console, API, Amazon Simple Notification Service (Amazon SNS) notifications, and CloudWatch Events
51. © 2019, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its affiliates. All rights reserved. CodeDeploy – Lambda deployments Enable in your serverless application template Resources: GetFunction: Type: AWS::Serverless::Function Properties: DeploymentPreference: Type: Canary10Percent10Minutes Alarms: - !Ref ErrorsAlarm Hooks: PreTraffic: !Ref PreTrafficHook Canary10Percent30Minutes Canary10Percent5Minutes Canary10Percent10Minutes Canary10Percent15Minutes Linear10PercentEvery10Minutes Linear10PercentEvery1Minute Linear10PercentEvery2Minutes Linear10PercentEvery3Minutes AllAtOnce
52. © 2019, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its affiliates. All rights reserved. CodeDeploy – Lambda canary deployment API Gateway Lambda function weighted alias “live” v1 Lambda function code 100%
53. © 2019, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its affiliates. All rights reserved. CodeDeploy – Lambda canary deployment API Gateway Lambda function weighted alias “live” v1 code 100% Run PreTraffic hook against v2 code before it receives traffic v2 code 0%
54. © 2019, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its affiliates. All rights reserved. CodeDeploy – Lambda canary deployment API Gateway Lambda function weighted alias “live” v1 code 90% Wait for 10 minutes, roll back in case of alarm v2 code 10%
55. © 2019, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its affiliates. All rights reserved. CodeDeploy – Lambda canary deployment API Gateway Lambda function weighted alias “live” v1 code 0% Run PostTraffic hook and complete deployment v2 code 100%
56. © 2019, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its affiliates. All rights reserved. CodeDeploy-ECS blue-green deployments • Provisions “green” tasks, then flips traffic at the load balancer • Validation “hooks” enable testing at each stage of the deployment • Fast rollback to “blue” tasks in seconds if case of hook failure or CloudWatch alarms • Monitor deployment status and history via console, API, Amazon SNS notifications, and CloudWatch Events • Use “CodeDeploy-ECS” deploy action in CodePipeline or “aws ecs deploy” command in Jenkins
57. © 2019, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its affiliates. All rights reserved. CodeDeploy-ECS blue-green deployment 100% Prod traffic
58. © 2019, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its affiliates. All rights reserved. CodeDeploy-ECS blue-green deployment Target group 2 100% Prod traffic Test traffic listener (port 9000)
59. © 2019, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its affiliates. All rights reserved. CodeDeploy-ECS blue-green deployment Green tasks: v2 code 100% Prod traffic Provision green tasks
60. © 2019, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its affiliates. All rights reserved. CodeDeploy-ECS blue-green deployment 100% Test traffic 100% Prod traffic Run hook against test endpoint before green tasks receive prod traffic
61. © 2019, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its affiliates. All rights reserved. CodeDeploy-ECS blue-green deployment 100% Prod traffic Flip traffic to green tasks, rollback in case of alarm 0% Prod traffic
62. © 2019, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its affiliates. All rights reserved. CodeDeploy-ECS blue-green deployment 100% Prod traffic Drain blue tasks 100% Prod traffic
63. © 2019, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Continuous deployment goals 1. Automatically deploy new changes to staging environments for testing 2. Deploy to production safely without impacting customers 3. Deliver to customers faster: Increase deployment frequency, and reduce change lead time and change failure rate
64. © 2019, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Pillars of releasing modern applications Continuous deployment
65. © 2019, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
66. © 2019, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Capital One – Credit Offers API CI/CD pipeline Continuous Improvement, Continuous Delivery! GitHub LGTM Bot Jenkins AWS SAM DeploymentType: dev: AllAtOnce qa: AllAtOnce qaw: AllAtOnce prod: Canary10Percent10Minutes prodw: Canary10Percent10Minutes canary5xxGetProductsAlarm: Type: AWS::CloudFormation::Alarm Properties: AlarmActions: - !FindInMap: - params - AdminSNSTopic - !Ref Environment AlarmDescription: 500 error from product listing Lambda. ComparisonOperator: GreatherThanOrEqualTothreshold Period: 300 Statistic: Sum Threshold: 1 EvaluationPeriod: 1 AWS CodeDeploy S3 Bucket (Versioning) Lambda function
67. © 2019, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Capital One – Benefits from taking the API serverless Performance gains From the time the request is received by lambda to the time to send the response back 70% Cost savings By removing EC2, ELB and RDS from our solution 90% Increase in team velocity Reduce investment in team’s time on DevOps and dedicate back to feature development! 30%
68. © 2019, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its affiliates. All rights reserved. https://github.com/cobusbernard/aws-containers-for-beginners
69. © 2019, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Takeaways 1. Manage your infrastructure as code 2. Frequently build and integrate your code to get a first feedback 3. Continuously release in production using canary releases with monitoring and automated rollbacks 4. Use canary releases to get both technical and business feedback
70. Thank you! © 2019, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Darko Meszaros Senior Developer Advocate Amazon Web Services @darkosubotica In/darko-mesaros