ZendCon Europe | Building a LAMP environment with Vagrant & Puppet

Do you work in more than one project or with more than one person in or per project? If yes, this workshop is for you.

One of the tasks where developers usually spend lots of time is in the configuration of the project development environment. What if you configure it by running a simple command? Without to have to hurry about product versions, without install anything in your machine?

This workshop will introduce you to Vagrant and Puppet. You will build your own dev environment step-by-step and at the end you will know how to share it and how you can reproduce and customize it for other projects.

Source code is available here: http://goo.gl/vWt3Sa

Transcript

1. A LAMP environment
   Vagrant and Puppet
   from the ground up with
   Daniel Gomes
   @danielcsgomes
   November 18, 2013
   workshop
   

   View Slide

2. Who am I
   • Software Engineer @ GuestCentric Systems
   • Co-founder & organizer @ phplx
   • Father of a beautiful boy
   • ZCE PHP 5.3, CSM, OCP MySQL 5 Developer
   !2
   

   View Slide

3. @danielcsgomes
   Follow me
   !3
   

   View Slide

4. Requirements
   • Vagrant 1.3.5
   • VirtualBox 4.3
   • Git
   !4
   

   View Slide

5. Agenda
   • Introduction to Vagrant and puppet
   • Build a Lamp environment
   • Distribute and share your environment
   !5
   

   View Slide

6. Goals
   • Understand Vagrant and Puppet
   • Setup a LAMP dev environment
   • Customize it for your needs
   • AWS?
   !6
   

   View Slide

7. Requirements
   • Git
   • Virtual Box 4.3
   • Vagrant 1.3.5
   !7
   

   View Slide

8. http://www.vagrantup.com/
   !8
   

   View Slide

9. va•grant (ˈveɪ grənt)
   Noun:
   !
   a person without a settled home or regular work
   who wanders from place to place and lives by begging
   !9
   

   View Slide

10. • Manage virtual machines (such as Virtual Box, VMware,
    AWS, and others)
    • Define the configuration in code with a single file
    • Provision the VM with Shell scripts, Puppet, Chef and other
    tools
    !10
    What is Vagrant?
    

    View Slide

11. !11
    example of
    a Vagrantfile
    

    View Slide

12. !12
    # /path/to/Vagrantfile
    !
    Vagrant.configure("2") do |config|
    !
    # define base box
    config.vm.box = "precise64"
    config.vm.box_url = "http://files.vagrantup.com/precise64.box"
    !
    # port forwarding
    config.vm.network :forwarded_port, guest: 80, host: 8080
    !
    # setup a private network with a static IP Address
    config.vm.network :private_network, ip: "10.5.0.2"
    !
    # sharing folders
    config.vm.synced_folder ".", "/vagrant"
    !
    end
    

    View Slide

13. !13
    $ cd /path/to/my/project
    !
    $ vagrant up
    !
    $ vagrant ssh
    Running it
    

    View Slide

14. Workflow of vagrant up
    Vagrantfile
    Provision
    manifest
    has provisioning
    manifest
    and it’s first time?
    yes
    start provisioning the VM
    VM is running
    vagrant up
    downloads the box if needed,
    loads the vagrant configuration
    (share folders, port forwarding, etc)
    and starts the VM
    !14
    

    View Slide

15. vagrant init
    vagrant up
    vagrant halt
    vagrant reload
    vagrant provision
    vagrant package
    vagrant plugin
    vagrant ssh
    vagrant ssh-config
    vagrant suspend
    vagrant resume
    vagrant destroy
    vagrant
    commands
    !15
    

    View Slide

16. Multi Machines
    Ability to replicate your system's architecture
    http://docs.vagrantup.com/v2/multi-machine/index.html
    !16
    

    View Slide

17. !17
    # /path/to/Vagrantfile
    !
    Vagrant.configure("2") do |config|
    !
    config.vm.define "web" do |web|
    web.vm.box = "apache"
    # ...
    end
    !
    config.vm.define "db" do |db|
    db.vm.box = "mysql"
    # ...
    end
    !
    end
    

    View Slide

18. Plugins
    https://github.com/mitchellh/vagrant/wiki/Available-Vagrant-Plugins
    vagrant plugin install vagrant-example-plugin
    vagrant plugin list
    vagrant plugin uninstall vagrant-example-plugin
    Installing a plugin
    Uninstalling a plugin
    Listing installed plugin
    !18
    

    View Slide

19. Debugging
    !
    $ set VAGRANT_LOG=debug
    $ vagrant up
    ...
    http://docs.vagrantup.com/v2/debugging.html
    !19
    

    View Slide

20. Providers
    !20
    

    View Slide

21. and others…
    https://github.com/mitchellh/vagrant/wiki/Available-Vagrant-Plugins#providers
    !21
    

    View Slide

22. Customize the Provider
    !22
    

    View Slide

23. !23
    # /path/to/Vagrantfile
    !
    Vagrant.configure("2") do |config|
    !
    config.vm.provider :virtualbox do |vb|
    vb.customize [
    "modifyvm", :id,
    '--chipset', 'ich9',
    '--natdnshostresolver1', 'on',
    '--memory', 1024
    ]
    end
    !
    end
    

    View Slide

24. Provision
    !24
    

    View Slide

25. !25
    Shell scripts
    Ansible
    

    View Slide

26. http://puppetlabs.com/
    http://docs.puppetlabs.com/references/latest/type.html
    !26
    

    View Slide

27. • IT automation software
    • Language inspired by Nagios
    • Declarative language
    !27
    What is Puppet?
    

    View Slide

28. Basic concepts
    • Resources types
    • Classes, modules, templates
    • Variables, Facts and Conditionals
    • Ordering and chaining
    !28
    

    View Slide

29. Built-in Resources Types
    • File
    • Exec
    • Package
    • Cron
    • Host
    • Service
    • ….
    !29
    

    View Slide

30. File example
    file { "mod_actions_conf":
    path => "/etc/apache2/mods-enabled/actions.conf",
    ensure => "link",
    target => "/etc/apache2/mods-available/actions.conf"
    }
    !30
    

    View Slide

31. Classes
    • Named blocks
    • Defining a class does not evaluate the code
    • Declaring evaluates the code (include)
    !31
    Modules
    • module name == folder name
    • specific folder structure
    

    View Slide

32. Class example
    class my_class {
    notify {"This actually did something":}
    }
    !
    include my_class
    !32
    

    View Slide

33. Ordering & chaining
    • No loading order
    • before and require
    • notify and subscribe
    • arrow chaining ( -> to require and ~> to notify)
    !33
    

    View Slide

34. Ordering example
    class apt {
    exec { "apt-update":
    unless => "test -f /home/vagrant/.apt-update",
    command => "apt-get update -y",
    path => ["/bin", "/usr/bin"],
    notify => File["/home/vagrant/.apt-update"],
    }
    !
    file { "/home/vagrant/.apt-update":
    ensure => file,
    force => true
    }
    }
    !34
    

    View Slide

35. What are we going to build?
    !
    • Provider: Virtual box 4.3
    • OS: Ubuntu 12.04 x64
    !
    • PHP 5.4
    • Apache 2.2
    • MySQL 5.5
    !35
    

    View Slide

36. let’s get started
    !36
    

    View Slide

37. Distributing and sharing
    • Use (D)VCS (Git, SVN, Mercurial, etc.)
    !
    • Add the Vagrantfile and provisioning files (puppet, chef,
    shell scripts, etc) to your repository
    !
    • Add .vagrant folder to your repository ignore file or your
    global ignore file.
    !37
    

    View Slide

38. Tips and Tricks
    • When working in multiple projects use port forwarding and
    networks carefully
    • Avoid port collision by adding auto_correct: true for each
    port forwarding
    • Use --debug on your provision options when something is
    wrong
    • Have guest additions always up to date
    • Improve share folders performance by enabling nfs (is not
    available on windows)
    • If you are using Puppet modules, don't forget to add the
    module dependencies as well
    !38
    

    View Slide

39. Librarian Puppet
    • Helps manage the modules
    • https://github.com/rodjek/librarian-puppet
    !39
    

    View Slide

40. PuPHPet
    A simple GUI to set up virtual
    machines for PHP Web
    development.
    !40
    https://puphpet.com/
    https://github.com/puphpet/puphpet
    

    View Slide

41. Resources
    • Documentation
    • Vagrant - http://docs.vagrantup.com/v2/
    • Puppet - http://docs.puppetlabs.com/references/latest/type.html
    • Learning Puppet - http://docs.puppetlabs.com/learning/index.html
    • Chef - http://docs.opscode.com/chef/index.html
    • Ansible - http://ansible.cc/docs/
    • Vewee - https://github.com/jedi4ever/veewee
    • Packer - http://www.packer.io/
    !
    • Downloads
    • Vagrant - http://downloads.vagrantup.com/
    • Virtual Box - https://www.virtualbox.org/wiki/Downloads
    • VMware - http://www.vmware.com/products/player/
    !
    • Source code of the talk demos - http://goo.gl/vWt3Sa
    • List of base boxes - http://www.vagrantbox.es/
    !41
    

    View Slide

42. @danielcsgomes | me@danielcsgomes.com | http://danielcsgomes.com
    Jian Awe © http://www.flickr.com/photos/qqjawe/6511141237
    Questions?
    https://joind.in/9281
    rate & feedback
    !42
    

    View Slide