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Android Architecture Navigation Component - Getting along!

Android Architecture Navigation Component - Getting along!

A presentation about the new Android Architecture Navigation component, how to use it, which best practices to follow, and how to migrate your exsiting app.

Daniel Hartwich

September 04, 2018
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  1. Navigation
    Architecture
    Component
    Daniel Hartwich
    GDG September Meetup 04.09.2018 at XING - Navigation Architecture Component - Daniel Hartwich - @KiLLyA_ 1

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  2. Agenda
    • Principles of Navigation
    • Implement navigation using architecture component +
    Demo
    • Migrating existing projects
    • Implement support for new destinations
    • Conditional navigation
    • Global actions / common destinations
    GDG September Meetup 04.09.2018 at XING - Navigation Architecture Component - Daniel Hartwich - @KiLLyA_ 2

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  3. Principles of navigation
    GDG September Meetup 04.09.2018 at XING - Navigation Architecture Component - Daniel Hartwich - @KiLLyA_ 3

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  4. Principles of navigation
    "The app should have a fixed starting
    destination"
    GDG September Meetup 04.09.2018 at XING - Navigation Architecture Component - Daniel Hartwich - @KiLLyA_ 4

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  5. Principles of navigation
    "A stack is used to represent the
    "navigation state" of an app"
    GDG September Meetup 04.09.2018 at XING - Navigation Architecture Component - Daniel Hartwich - @KiLLyA_ 5

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  6. Principles of navigation
    "The Up button never exits your app"
    GDG September Meetup 04.09.2018 at XING - Navigation Architecture Component - Daniel Hartwich - @KiLLyA_ 6

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  7. Principles of navigation
    "Up and Back are equivalent within your
    app's task"
    GDG September Meetup 04.09.2018 at XING - Navigation Architecture Component - Daniel Hartwich - @KiLLyA_ 7

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  8. Principles of navigation
    "Deep linking to a destination or
    navigating to the same destination should
    yield the same stack"
    GDG September Meetup 04.09.2018 at XING - Navigation Architecture Component - Daniel Hartwich - @KiLLyA_ 8

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  9. Implement navigation using architecture component
    GDG September Meetup 04.09.2018 at XING - Navigation Architecture Component - Daniel Hartwich - @KiLLyA_ 9

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  10. Implement navigation using architecture component
    • Simplify navigation between destinations of your app
    • Set of destinations compose app's navigation graph
    • A destination is any place you can navigate to in your app
    GDG September Meetup 04.09.2018 at XING - Navigation Architecture Component - Daniel Hartwich - @KiLLyA_ 10

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  11. Implement navigation using architecture component
    • Destinations are usually fragments
    • Activities
    • different navigation graphs / subgraphs
    • Custom destination types
    • Connections between different destinations are called
    actions
    GDG September Meetup 04.09.2018 at XING - Navigation Architecture Component - Daniel Hartwich - @KiLLyA_ 11

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  12. Example Navigation Graph
    GDG September Meetup 04.09.2018 at XING - Navigation Architecture Component - Daniel Hartwich - @KiLLyA_ 12

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  13. Demo
    Set up navigation component in Android
    Studio
    Android Studio
    https://developer.android.com/topic/libraries/architecture/
    navigation/navigation-implementing
    GDG September Meetup 04.09.2018 at XING - Navigation Architecture Component - Daniel Hartwich - @KiLLyA_ 13

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  14. Add the dependencies to the navigation component
    implementation 'android.arch.navigation:navigation-fragment:1.0.0-alpha05'
    implementation 'android.arch.navigation:navigation-ui:1.0.0-alpha05'
    implementation 'android.arch.navigation:navigation-fragment-ktx:1.0.0-alpha05'
    implementation 'android.arch.navigation:navigation-ui-ktx:1.0.0-alpha05'
    GDG September Meetup 04.09.2018 at XING - Navigation Architecture Component - Daniel Hartwich - @KiLLyA_ 14

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  15. Declare an activity as the Navigation Host
    activity_main.xml

    xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    tools:context=".MainActivity">
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    android:id="@+id/my_nav_host_fragment"
    android:name="androidx.navigation.fragment.NavHostFragment"
    app:navGraph="@navigation/mobile_navigation"
    app:defaultNavHost="true"
    />

    GDG September Meetup 04.09.2018 at XING - Navigation Architecture Component - Daniel Hartwich - @KiLLyA_ 15

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  16. Create blank destination
    • In the "Design" Tab of the navigation resource. Click on
    'Create blank destination'
    GDG September Meetup 04.09.2018 at XING - Navigation Architecture Component - Daniel Hartwich - @KiLLyA_ 16

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  17. Create links between destinations
    • Create actions by dragging connections between two
    destinations
    GDG September Meetup 04.09.2018 at XING - Navigation Architecture Component - Daniel Hartwich - @KiLLyA_ 17

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  18. Use Actions to navigate between two destinations
    • Create actions by dragging connections between two
    destinations
    GDG September Meetup 04.09.2018 at XING - Navigation Architecture Component - Daniel Hartwich - @KiLLyA_ 18

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  19. Call the actions to execute navigation
    view.seeArticlesButton.setOnClickListener {
    view.findNavController().navigate(R.id.action_lastPurchasesFragment_to_articleDetailFragment)
    }
    or
    view.seeArticlesButton.setOnClickListener(Navigation.createNavigateOnClickListener(R.id.overviewFragment))
    GDG September Meetup 04.09.2018 at XING - Navigation Architecture Component - Daniel Hartwich - @KiLLyA_ 19

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  20. Migrating existing projects
    GDG September Meetup 04.09.2018 at XING - Navigation Architecture Component - Daniel Hartwich - @KiLLyA_ 20

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  21. Migrating existing projects
    • NavController + navigation graph are contained within a
    single activity
    • When migrating, migrate one activity at a time
    • To migrate create a navigation graph for all destinations
    inside an activity
    GDG September Meetup 04.09.2018 at XING - Navigation Architecture Component - Daniel Hartwich - @KiLLyA_ 21

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  22. Migrating existing projects
    • Add activity destinations in the navigation graph
    • Replace existing usages of startActivity()
    • Ideally, migrate activities to fragments
    • --> Single Activity Applications
    GDG September Meetup 04.09.2018 at XING - Navigation Architecture Component - Daniel Hartwich - @KiLLyA_ 22

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  23. Implement support for new destinations
    GDG September Meetup 04.09.2018 at XING - Navigation Architecture Component - Daniel Hartwich - @KiLLyA_ 23

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  24. Implement support for new destinations
    • NavControllers rely on one or more Navigator objects to
    perform navigation.
    • By default only Activities and Fragments are supported
    • Subclass Navigator to implement navigation to your
    custom destination
    • Use getNavigatorProvider() to add your custom
    Navigator using addNavigator()
    GDG September Meetup 04.09.2018 at XING - Navigation Architecture Component - Daniel Hartwich - @KiLLyA_ 24

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  25. Implement support for new destinations
    val customNavigator = CustomNavigator()
    navController.navigatorProvider += customNavigator
    • Most Navigator classes have a nested destination subclass
    • It's used to specify additional attributes unique to the
    custom destination
    GDG September Meetup 04.09.2018 at XING - Navigation Architecture Component - Daniel Hartwich - @KiLLyA_ 25

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  26. Conditional navigation
    GDG September Meetup 04.09.2018 at XING - Navigation Architecture Component - Daniel Hartwich - @KiLLyA_ 26

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  27. Conditional navigation
    • Destinations that can only be reached under certain
    conditions should still be an own destination
    • e.g. Profile screen behind a Log In mechanic
    • Login is presented after the user tries to access 'Profile'
    without log in
    • After login is completed we call popBackStack() to dismiss
    the login screen and show the profile again.
    GDG September Meetup 04.09.2018 at XING - Navigation Architecture Component - Daniel Hartwich - @KiLLyA_ 27

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  28. Global actions / common destinations
    • An action that is accessible from multiple screens
    • Example: A 'cancel' button in a multi step process that
    should go back to the first screen
    • Right Click a destination and add a global action.
    • This action is now accessible from everywhere and can be
    called the same way as other actions.
    GDG September Meetup 04.09.2018 at XING - Navigation Architecture Component - Daniel Hartwich - @KiLLyA_ 28

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  29. Navigating to a global action
    viewTransactionButton.setOnClickListener { view ->
    view.findNavController().navigate(R.id.action_global_mainFragment)
    }
    GDG September Meetup 04.09.2018 at XING - Navigation Architecture Component - Daniel Hartwich - @KiLLyA_ 29

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  30. Additional notes
    • Unit Tests not possible, without further abstraction
    • Compatible with known architecture patterns
    • It's possible to navigate between two modules through
    in the navigation graph
    GDG September Meetup 04.09.2018 at XING - Navigation Architecture Component - Daniel Hartwich - @KiLLyA_ 30

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  31. Additional notes
    • Support for navigation drawer and overflow menu possible
    through matching IDs (fragment + menu.xml)
    Set up the navigation view with the NavController:
    val navigationView = findViewById(R.id.nav_view)
    navigationView.setupWithNavController(navController)
    GDG September Meetup 04.09.2018 at XING - Navigation Architecture Component - Daniel Hartwich - @KiLLyA_ 31

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  32. Sources
    • Official documentation
    • Medium article about multi module navigation
    • dhartwich1991/navigation-component
    • googlesamples/android-sunflower
    • NavController documentation
    GDG September Meetup 04.09.2018 at XING - Navigation Architecture Component - Daniel Hartwich - @KiLLyA_ 32

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  33. Questions?
    GDG September Meetup 04.09.2018 at XING - Navigation Architecture Component - Daniel Hartwich - @KiLLyA_ 33

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  34. Thank you!
    GDG September Meetup 04.09.2018 at XING - Navigation Architecture Component - Daniel Hartwich - @KiLLyA_ 34

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