Terminal Tips and Tricks

Transcript

1. Terminal Tips and Tricks
2. Wikipedia A terminal emulator, terminal application, term, or tty for short, is a program that emulates a video terminal within some other display architecture. Though typically synonymous with a shell or text terminal, the term terminal covers all remote terminals, including graphical interfaces. A terminal emulator inside a graphical user interface is often called a terminal window.
3. Plan • Beginner • Advanced user • Pro
4. Beginning • Ask for help • Usage syntax • Git commands • Environment variables • Tune you terminal
5. Ask for help Most of the commands accept an argument --help or -h and print help message. But also there is man command and help. My advice: use tldr
6. Usage syntax
7. Git command • Add chunks git add -p • Commit chunks git commit -p • Interactive rebase git rebase -i • Create alias git config --global alias.cc commit • Create your own:
8. Environment variable
9. Tune your terminal • Customize prompt (eg. add git prompt) • Color scheme • Font • Size
10. Most know commands • List current directory content: ls [file ...] • Change current directory: cd <path to dir> • Move file: mv <old_place> <new_place> • Copy file: cp <old_place> <new_place> • List file content: cat • Editor: nano, vi, vim, emacs • Package managers: brew, apt, apt-get, yum
11. Level up (advanced) • Hotkeys • Aliases: alias, unalias • std{in,out,err} redirections • Pipes • shellcheck • Functions
12. Hotkeys • Undo: C-_ • Reverse-search history: C-r • Jump to start of line: C-a • Jump to end of line: C-e • Jump word: Meta-<arrow-left/arrow-right> • List all hotkey: ◦ bash: bind -p ◦ zsh: bindkey
13. SSH Command Type \n~? (or \n<Command>) and you get
14. std{in,out,err} redirects • Use < filename to pass file content as stdin. • Use > filename to redirect stdout. • Use 2> filename to redirect stderr. • Use 2>&1 to forward stderr to stdout. • • Use <<<"string" to pass string as stdin. • Use heredoc format:
15. Pipes Pipe redirect left command stdout to right command stdin Use stderr redirection to pipe stderr too The base use with sed and awk
16. Functions Set flag -e to fail on errors: set -e Use && and || to handle errors
17. Pro • Command substitution • Clipboard commands • Scripting • Store you snippets
18. Command substitution Use command as file: Use command as variable:
19. Clipboard commands On macOS: With X server:
20. Scripting Use smartcd to run script on entering to a directory. Use composure to store your functions and snippets.
21. How exit from emacs and vi Emacs: C-x C-c Vi: :q