Effective Android Development

A presentation of the techniques, tools & process that we employ during our daily work to build high-quality apps for our clients. Not a code-heavy, deep-down into our architecture kinda talk, but a high-level behind the scenes about our process to move from prototyping to design and to production. We want to stay nimble during development, and quickly iterate over features, which we like to accomplish through frequent releases, often paired with A/B testing. At the same time, we are convinced that building robust applications is helped with a Continuous Delivery setup where we highly value an automated test strategy. Working in an agile way while focusing on good architecture, testing and reporting took us some effort, and I’d like to explore how we run our projects trying to be as effective and collaborative as possible...
Presented during the Devoxx conference on Thursday, 10th November 2016.
http://cfp.devoxx.be/2016/talk/VOW-7651/Effective_Android_dev

Transcript

1. Effective Android
2. Effective (Android) development
3. AppFoundry appfoundry.be
5. –H. Alan Stevens Building the right thing is always more important than building it right.
6. Prototyping
7. Whiteboard
8. Paper prototyping
15. Remote configuration
16. Remote configuration - Check flags - maintenance - upgrade - Do specific work (load menu, …) - Check and act on feature switches Production API Test API Load Production config file https://xxxxx/2.1.json Load Test config file https://xxxxx/2.1-test.json
17. –Martin Fowler Feature toggles are a powerful technique, allowing teams to modify system behavior without changing code.
18. Key / value pairs @ Firebase Firebase Remote Config Change behaviour at runtime Developer console dynamic (no app update required) rules & conditions hosted, scalable, cross platform
20. User feedback
21. A/B testing
24. Architecture
25. Architecture
26. MODEL PRESENTER VIEW View Presenter View View Presenter Presenter Data Manager Interactors Prefs API API DB Network service Network service Preferences Helper Observables Observables Presentation Layer Domain Layer Data Layer STREAM Architecture
27. Model View Presenter Model Presenter View
28. Model View Presenter Model Presenter View Android UI
29. MODEL PRESENTER VIEW View Presenter View View Presenter Presenter Data Manager Interactors Prefs API API DB Network service Network service Preferences Helper Observables Observables Presentation Layer Domain Layer Data Layer STREAM Architecture
30. Consistent Expressive Concise Verbose
31. X
32. Jetbrains Kotlin Good interoperability with Java Modern Small standard library (±600kb) Statically typed, no runtime overhead Reduce common errors Reduce boilerplate
33. Data class public class User {
 
 private String firstName;
 private String lastName;
 private int age;
 
 public int getAge() {
 return age;
 }
 
 public void setAge(int age) {
 this.age = age;
 }
 
 public String getFirstName() {
 return firstName;
 }
 
 public void setFirstName(String firstName) {
 this.firstName = firstName;
 }
 
 public String getLastName() {
 return lastName;
 }
 
 public void setLastName(String lastName) {
 this.lastName = lastName;
 }
 
 @Override
 public boolean equals(Object o) {
 if (this == o) return true;
 if (o == null || getClass() != o.getClass()) return false;
 
 User user = (User) o;
 
 if (age != user.age) return false;
 if (firstName != null ? !firstName.equals(user.firstName) : user.firstName != null) {
 return false;
 }
 return lastName != null ? lastName.equals(user.lastName) : user.lastName == null;
 }
 
 @Override
 public int hashCode() {
 int result = firstName != null ? firstName.hashCode() : 0;
 result = 31 * result + (lastName != null ? lastName.hashCode() : 0);
 result = 31 * result + age;
 return result;
 }
 
 @Override
 public String toString() {
 return "User{" +
 "age=" + age +
 ", firstName='" + firstName + '\'' +
 ", lastName='" + lastName + '\'' +
 '}';
 }
 } @AutoValue
 public abstract class User {
 
 public abstract String firstName();
 
 public abstract String lastName();
 
 public abstract int age();
 
 @AutoValue.Builder
 public abstract static class Builder {
 
 public abstract Builder firstName(String s);
 
 public abstract Builder lastName(String s);
 
 public abstract Builder age(int i);
 }
 
 public static Builder builder() {
 return new AutoParcel_User.Builder();
 }
 
 public abstract Builder toBuilder();
 }
34. Data class public class User {
 
 private String firstName;
 private String lastName;
 private int age;
 
 public int getAge() {
 return age;
 }
 
 public void setAge(int age) {
 this.age = age;
 }
 
 public String getFirstName() {
 return firstName;
 }
 
 public void setFirstName(String firstName) {
 this.firstName = firstName;
 }
 
 public String getLastName() {
 return lastName;
 }
 
 public void setLastName(String lastName) {
 this.lastName = lastName;
 }
 
 @Override
 public boolean equals(Object o) {
 if (this == o) return true;
 if (o == null || getClass() != o.getClass()) return false;
 
 User user = (User) o;
 
 if (age != user.age) return false;
 if (firstName != null ? !firstName.equals(user.firstName) : user.firstName != null) {
 return false;
 }
 return lastName != null ? lastName.equals(user.lastName) : user.lastName == null;
 }
 
 @Override
 public int hashCode() {
 int result = firstName != null ? firstName.hashCode() : 0;
 result = 31 * result + (lastName != null ? lastName.hashCode() : 0);
 result = 31 * result + age;
 return result;
 }
 
 @Override
 public String toString() {
 return "User{" +
 "age=" + age +
 ", firstName='" + firstName + '\'' +
 ", lastName='" + lastName + '\'' +
 '}';
 }
 } data class User(val firstName: String, val lastName: String, val age: Int) val user = User("Andy", "Rubin", 53) println(user) // User(firstName=Andy, lastName=Rubin, age=53) val usersBirthDay = user.copy(age = 54) // Named parameters
 println(usersBirthDay) // User(firstName=Andy, firstName=Rubin, age=54)
36. Nullability var x: String? = "foo"
 
 x = null
 
 x.length // Does not compile 
 
 val y: String = null // Does not compile
37. Nullability if (x != null) {
 x.length // Compiles
 }
 
 // Safe call
 val length = x?.length // Value null
 
 // Default value
 val length = if (x != null) x.length else -1 // Value -1
 
 // Elvis operator
 val length = x?.length ?: -1 // Value -1
38. Kotlin • Properties • Data class • Function literal (Lambda) • Higher order functions • Extension functions • …
40. Layout <android.support.design.widget.CoordinatorLayout
 android:layout_width="match_parent"
 android:layout_height="match_parent"
 android:fitsSystemWindows="true">
 
 <android.support.design.widget.AppBarLayout
 android:layout_width="match_parent"
 android:layout_height="wrap_content">
 
 <android.support.v7.widget.Toolbar
 android:id="@+id/toolbar"
 android:layout_width="match_parent"
 android:layout_height="?attr/actionBarSize"/>
 
 </android.support.design.widget.AppBarLayout>
 
 <com.bluelinelabs.conductor.ChangeHandlerFrameLayout
 android:id="@+id/container"
 android:layout_width="match_parent"
 android:layout_height="match_parent"
 app:layout_behavior="@string/appbar_scrolling_view_behavior"/>
 
 </android.support.design.widget.CoordinatorLayout>
41. Layout Anko <android.support.design.widget.CoordinatorLayout
 android:layout_width="match_parent"
 android:layout_height="match_parent"
 android:fitsSystemWindows="true">
 
 <android.support.design.widget.AppBarLayout
 android:layout_width="match_parent"
 android:layout_height="wrap_content">
 
 <android.support.v7.widget.Toolbar
 android:id="@+id/toolbar"
 android:layout_width="match_parent"
 android:layout_height="?attr/actionBarSize"/>
 
 </android.support.design.widget.AppBarLayout>
 
 <com.bluelinelabs.conductor.ChangeHandlerFrameLayout
 android:id="@+id/container"
 android:layout_width="match_parent"
 android:layout_height="match_parent"
 app:layout_behavior="@string/appbar_scrolling_view_behavior"/>
 
 </android.support.design.widget.CoordinatorLayout> coordinatorLayout {
 fitsSystemWindows = true
 
 appBarLayout { 
 toolBar = toolbar {
 if (SDK_INT >= LOLLIPOP) elevation = 4f
 }.lparams(width = matchParent, height = actionBarSize()) }.lparams(width = matchParent)
 
 changeHandlerFrameLayout()
 .lparams(width = matchParent, height = matchParent) {
 behavior = ScrollingBehavior()
 } 
 }
42. Layout
43. Advanced Layout
44. Advanced Layout
45. Anko performance test Specs ANKO XML Diff ALCATEL
 ONE TOUCH Mediatek MT6572
 Dual-core 1.3GHz Cortex-A7
 512MB RAM 169.33 ms 608.66 ms 359% HUAWEI Y300 Qualcomm MSM8225
 Dual-core 1.0 GHz Cortex-A5 512 MB RAM 593.66 ms 3435.33 ms 578% HUAWEI Y330 Mediatek MT6572 Dual-core 1.3 GHz Cortex-A7 512MB 162.33 ms 984 ms 606% Samsung Galaxy S2 Exynos 4210 Dual Dual-core 1.2 GHz Cortex-A9 1 GB RAM 207.33 ms 753.66 ms 363%
46. Testing
47. Testing strategy
48. Confidence Refactor possible Code handover Fix bugs once
49. Automatic On every commit / scheduled Unit tests UI integration tests with Espresso
50. Test devices
51. Device testing
57. Remote
60. Google Cloud Test Lab
61. Google Cloud Test Lab
62. Google Cloud Test Lab
63. Creating software = complex Continuous integration Ensure quality Automate high-quality, robust and reliable apps tedious / error-prone activities
64. Reduce risk Continuous integration Reduce overhead Quality Assurance
65. Automate all the things
66. Continuous integration 1 2 3 4 CODE & COMMIT BUILD & CHECK CI PICKUP REPORT RESULTS
67. Build pipeline Checkout / compile Unit tests Test coverage Code analysis Create deployable artifact Deploy for automatic QA test Trigger automated QA stage
68. Static analysis
69. Auto publish Delivery Promote APK to production Automate Google Play alpha / beta without additional tools
70. Continuous Delivery
71. Continuous delivery / deliverable Continuous Delivery Deliverable Push on demand Confidence of being deployable
72. Feature-based deployment A successful Git branching model http://nvie.com/posts/a-successful-git-branching-model/
73. Code review Detect problems early. Learn from someone else’s code.
79. Test app distribution
80. Hockey test app distribution
81. Fabric Beta app distribution
82. Fabric Beta app distribution
84. Internal QA Testing Internal alpha testing program Beta testing / staged rollout of being deployable
85. Metrics
86. Crashlytics
87. Dashboard
88. Dashing
89. Questions? Filip Maelbrancke Consultant @ AppFoundry filip.maelbrancke@appfoundry.be @fmaelbrancke
90. Thank you!