의존성 주입과 Dagger Hilt

2024년 5월 22일 (수) 삼성전자에서의 발표자료입니다.

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1. NAVER WEBTOON | 안성용 의 존 성 주 이 ᆸ 과 Dagger Hilt
2. Sungyong An NAVER WEBTOON Android GDE @fornewid Link: h tt ps://speakerdeck.com/fornewid
3. (Dependency Injection) ? ? 🤔
4. Dagger Hilt ? ? 🤔
5. ? ? 🤔
6. Dagger Hilt . 목표
7. (Dependency Injection) 1
8. (Dependency) ? (Reference) . . , Car Engine . Car Engine Dependency
9. (Dependency Injection) (DI) . . Car Engine
10. class Car { private val engine: Engine = Engine() // construct + use fun start() { engine.start() } } fun main(args: Array) { val car = Car() car.start() } Car Engine Current
11. class Car( private val engine: Engine // use ) { fun start() { engine.start() } } fun main(args: Array) { val engine = Engine() // construct val car = Car(engine) car.start() } Car With DI (Constructor Injection) Engine
12. class Car { lateinit var engine: Engine // use fun start() { engine.start() } } fun main(args: Array) { val car = Car() car.engine = Engine() // construct car.start() } With DI (Field Injection) Car Engine
13. Engine , Car . fun main(args: Array<String>) { val electricCar = Car(ElectricEngine()) val combustionCar = Car(CombustionEngine()) ... } Reuse Car
14. ? 🙋
15. class CarTest { @Test fun `Car happy path`() { val car = Car(FakeEngine()) ... } @Test fun `Car with failing Engine`() { val car = Car(FakeFailingEngine()) ... } } Ease of Testing
16. DI . Car Engine
17. : (Service Locator) (DI) . (SL) , . Service Locator Car Engine
18. class Car { private val engine: Engine = Engine() } fun main(args: Array) { val car = Car() car.start() } Car Engine Current
19. class Car( private val engine: Engine ) { ... } fun main(args: Array) { val engine = Engine() val car = Car(engine) car.start() } Car Dependency Injection Engine
20. class Car { private val engine: Engine = ServiceLocator.get() } object ServiceLocator { fun getEngine() : Engine = Engine() } fun main(args: Array) { val car = Car() car.start() } Service Locator Engine Car Service Locator
21. (SL) (DI) : . . , . Singleton . , .
22. ? . Android Studio Dagger/Hilt . DI . DI , . Link: h tt ps://medium.com/androiddevelopers/dagger-navigation-suppo rt -in-android-studio-49aa5d149ec9
23. (Manual DI) 2
24. Before . , DB Activity , Singleton Activity . ExampleActivity Network Database
25. ExampleViewModel Before ViewModel Singleton . ExampleActivity Network Database
26. class ExampleViewModel : ViewModel() { fun doSomething() { Database.getSomething().subscribe(...) Network.getSomething().subscribe(...) } } object Database { ... } object Network { ... } Before
27. Database Network . After: Manual DI ExampleActivity Network Database ExampleViewModel
28. class ExampleViewModel( private val database: Database, private val network: Network, ) : ViewModel() { fun doSomething() { database.getSomething().subscribe(...) network.getSomething().subscribe(...) } } class Database { ... } class Network { ... } Manual DI
29. class ExampleActivity: Activity() { private lateinit var viewModel: ExampleViewModel override fun onCreate(savedInstanceState: Bundle?) { super.onCreate(savedInstanceState) val database = Database() // Singleton੉ ইפ׮. val network = Network() // ૊, ݒߣ ࢤࢿػ׮. viewModel = ExampleViewModel(database, network) viewModel.doSomething() } } Manual DI
30. class ExampleActivity: Activity() { private lateinit var viewModel: ExampleViewModel override fun onCreate(savedInstanceState: Bundle?) { super.onCreate(savedInstanceState) val database = Database() // Singleton੉ ইפ׮. val network = Network() // ૊, ݒߣ ࢤࢿػ׮. viewModel = ExampleViewModel(database, network) viewModel.doSomething() } } Manual DI
31. Manual DI ViewModel Boilerplate , ExampleViewModel . . ExampleViewModel Database Network . . Database Network Singleton . , .
32. class AppContainer { val database = Database() val network = Network() } class MyApplication : Application() { val appContainer = AppContainer() }
33. class ExampleActivity: Activity() { private lateinit var viewModel: ExampleViewModel override fun onCreate(savedInstanceState: Bundle?) { super.onCreate(savedInstanceState) val appContainer = (application as MyApplication).appContainer viewModel = ExampleViewModel(appContainer.database, appContainer.network) viewModel.doSomething() } }
34. Android . Example Activity Example ViewModel Network Database
35. Android . Example Activity Example ViewModel Example Repository Example LocalDataSource Example RemoteDataSource Network Database
36. class AppContainer { private val database = Database() private val network = Network() private val localDataSource = ExampleLocalDataSource(database) private val remoteDataSource = ExampleRemoteDataSource(network) val exampleRepository = ExampleRepository(localDataSource, remoteDataSource) } class MyApplication : Application() { val appContainer = AppContainer() }
37. class ExampleActivity: Activity() { private lateinit var viewModel: ExampleViewModel override fun onCreate(savedInstanceState: Bundle?) { super.onCreate(savedInstanceState) val appContainer = (application as MyApplication).appContainer viewModel = ExampleViewModel(appContainer.exampleRepository) viewModel.doSomething() } }
38. Singleton . Example Activity Example ViewModel Example Repository Example LocalDataSource Example RemoteDataSource Network Database Custom Scope
39. // জࠁ׮ ੘਷ ߧਤ੄ ੄ઓࢿ ஶప੉ց class ExampleContainer(val exampleRepository: ExampleRepository) { val exampleData = ExampleData() val exampleViewModelFactory = ExampleViewModelFactory(exampleRepository) } class AppContainer { ... val exampleRepository = ExampleRepository(localDataSource, remoteDataSource) var exampleContainer: ExampleContainer? = null } : Custom Scope
40. class ExampleActivity: Activity() { private lateinit var viewModel: ExampleViewModel private lateinit var appContainer: AppContainer private lateinit var data: ExampleData override fun onCreate(savedInstanceState: Bundle?) { super.onCreate(savedInstanceState) appContainer = (application as MyApplication).appContainer appContainer.exampleContainer = // ੄ઓࢿ ஶప੉ց ࢤࢿ ExampleContainer(appContainer.exampleRepository) viewModel = appContainer.exampleContainer.exampleViewModelFactory.create() data = appContainer.exampleContainer.exampleData } ... : Custom Scope
41. class ExampleActivity: Activity() { private lateinit var viewModel: ExampleViewModel private lateinit var appContainer: AppContainer private lateinit var data: ExampleData ... override fun onDestroy() { appContainer.exampleContainer = null // ੄ઓࢿ ஶప੉ց ࢏ઁ super.onDestroy() } } } : Custom Scope
42. DI . Android ߂ Java ਊ ੄ઓࢿ ઱ੑ ೐ۨ੐ਕ௼. ஹ౵ੌ ఋ੐ী ࣗझ௏٘ ࢤࢿ. Dependency Injection ಁఢ. https://github.com/google/dagger Dagger ӝ߈ Android ੄ઓࢿ ઱ੑ ೐ۨ੐ਕ௼. ؀ࠗ࠙੄ Dagger ࢚ਊҳ ઁѢ. Dependency Injection ಁఢ. https://github.com/google/dagger Dagger Hilt (Recommended) Dagger੄ ੄ઓࢿ ઱ੑਸ ؊ औѱ ݅٘ח Kotlin ஹ౵ੌ۞ ೒۞Ӓੋ. Dependency Injection ಁఢ. https://github.com/square/anvil Anvil Kotlin ҃۝ ੄ઓࢿ ઱ੑ ೐ۨ੐ਕ௼. ۠ఋ੐ী ੄ઓࢿ Ӓې೐ ҳࢿ. Service Locator ಁఢ. https://github.com/InsertKoinIO/koin Kotlin ਊ ੄ઓࢿ ઱ੑ ۄ੉࠳۞ܻ. ஹ౵ੌ ఋ੐ী ੄ઓࢿ Ӓې೐ ਬബࢿ Ѩࢎ. KSP, Kotlin Multiplatform ૑ਗ. https://github.com/evant/kotlin-inject Koin kotlin-inject …
43. Dagger Hilt 3
44. Dagger Hilt Android . Android , . (Application, Activity, Service, BroadcastReceiver, ViewModel) Dagger , . Jetpack Hilt .
45. @Module @InstallIn(SingletonComponent::class) class EngineModule { @Provides // construct fun providesEngine(): Engine = Engine() } Engine @Provides ١ਸ ੉ਊೞৈ, ੄ઓࢿਸ ઁҕೡ ࣻ ੓׮.
46. @Module @InstallIn(SingletonComponent::class) class EngineModule { @Provides // construct fun providesEngine(): Engine = Engine() } // Dependency Injection (Constructor Injection) class Car @Inject constructor( // use private val engine: Engine, ) Car Engine @Injectܳ ੉ਊೞৈ, ੄ઓࢿਸ ௿ېझ ࢤࢿ੗ী ઱ੑೡ ࣻ ੓׮.
47. @Module @InstallIn(SingletonComponent::class) class EngineModule { @Provides fun providesEngine(): Engine = Engine() } // Dependency Injection (Constructor Injection) class Car @Inject constructor( // construct private val engine: Engine, ) @AndroidEntryPoint class ExampleActivity : ComponentActivity() { // Dependency Injection (Field Injection) @Inject // use lateinit var car: Car } Car ExampleActivity Engine Android ௿ېझח ࢤࢿ੗о ইצ, ೙٘ী ੄ઓࢿਸ ઱ੑೠ׮.
48. @Module @InstallIn(SingletonComponent::class) class EngineModule { @Provides fun providesEngine(): Engine = Engine() } // Dependency Injection (Constructor Injection) class Car @Inject constructor( private val engine: Engine, ) @AndroidEntryPoint class ExampleActivity : ComponentActivity() { // Dependency Injection (Field Injection) @Inject lateinit var car: Car } = public @interface Module { ... } = public @interface InstallIn { ... } = public @interface Provides {} = public @interface Inject {} = public @interface AndroidEntryPoint { ... } = public @interface Inject {} Annotationਸ ӝ߈ਵ۽, ੄ઓࢿਸ ઱ੑೞח ௏٘ܳ ࢤࢿ೧ળ׮.
49. Code generation Hilt Dagger . Dagger .
50. // project’s root build.gradle buildscript { repositories { mavenCentral() } dependencies { classpath 'com.google.dagger:hilt-android-gradle-plugin:2.48' } } // module’s build.gradle apply plugin: 'com.google.dagger.hilt.android' Gradle Build Setup
51. // module’s build.gradle dependencies { implementation 'com.google.dagger:hilt-android:2.48' // For Java annotationProcessor 'com.google.dagger:hilt-compiler:2.48' // For Kotlin kapt 'com.google.dagger:hilt-compiler:2.48' // or ksp 'com.google.dagger:hilt-compiler:2.48' } Gradle Build Setup
52. Hilt Basics Dagger Hilt . @HiltAndroidApp @AndroidEntryPoint, @EntryPoint Components SingletonComponent, ViewModelComponent, ActivityComponent, ... Scopes @Singleton, @ViewModelScoped, @ActivityScoped, … Modules @Inject, @Module, @Provides, @Binds, @Quali fi er, …
53. Hilt Application Hilt Application @HiltAndroidApp . , Hilt . @Inject , . @HiltAndroidApp class MyApplication : Application() { @Inject lateinit var data: ExampleData } MyApplication ExampleData
54. Android Android @AndroidEntryPoint . @Inject , . @AndroidEntryPoint class ExampleActivity : ComponentActivity() { @Inject lateinit var data: ExampleData } ... ExampleActivity ExampleData
55. @AndroidEntryPoint class ExampleFragment : Fragment() { ... } @AndroidEntryPoint class ExampleView @JvmOverloads constructor( context: Context, attrs: AttributeSet? = null, defStyleAttr: Int = 0, ) : View(context, attrs, defStyleAttr) { ... } @AndroidEntryPoint class ExampleService : Service() { ... } @AndroidEntryPoint class ExampleBroadcastReceiver : BroadcastReceiver() { ... }
56. @AndroidEntryPoint // X class ExampleContentProvider : ContentProvider() { ... } // Activity, Fragment, View, Service, BroadcastReceiverо ইצ, // ׮ܲ Android ௿ېझীח @AndroidEntryPointܳ ࢎਊೡ ࣻ হ׮.
57. Hilt @EntryPoint . Context Hilt . Hilt @EntryPoint @InstallIn(SingletonComponent::class) interface ExampleEntryPoint { fun foo(): Foo } val entryPoint = EntryPointAccessors.fromApplication( appContext, // Context ExampleEntryPoint::class.java, ) val foo = entryPoint.foo()
58. val entryPoint = EntryPointAccessors.fromActivity( activity, // Activity ExampleEntryPoint::class.java, ) val entryPoint = EntryPointAccessors.fromFragment( fragment, // Fragment ExampleEntryPoint::class.java, ) val entryPoint = EntryPointAccessors.fromView( view, // View ExampleEntryPoint::class.java, )
59. Hilt Bindings Android , . @Inject , . @Singleton class ExampleRepository @Inject constructor( private val local: ExampleLocalDataSource, private val remote: ExampleRemoteDataSource, ) { ... } ExampleRepository
60. . Hilt Module Binding . @Module @InstallIn(SingletonComponent::class) class AppModule { @Singleton @Provides fun providesExampleRepository(...): ExampleRepository { return ExampleRepositoryImpl(...) } } Hilt Modules
61. @Module @InstallIn(SingletonComponent::class) class AppModule { @Singleton @Provides fun providesExampleRepository( local: ExampleLocalDataSource, remote: ExampleRemoteDataSource, ): ExampleRepository { return ExampleRepository(local, remote) } } Hilt Modules: @Provides ExampleRepository
62. interface ExampleRepository @Singleton class ExampleRepositoryImpl @Inject constructor(...) : ExampleRepository { ... } @Module @InstallIn(SingletonComponent::class) interface AppModule { @Binds fun bindsExampleRepository( impl: ExampleRepositoryImpl, ): ExampleRepository } Hilt Modules: @Binds ExampleRepositoryImpl ExampleRepository
63. , . ( ) Binding @Qualifier . @Module @InstallIn(SingletonComponent::class) object DispatchersModule { @Provides fun providesDefaultDispatcher(): CoroutineDispatcher = Dispatchers.Default = @Provides fun providesIoDispatcher(): CoroutineDispatcher = Dispatchers.IO } Hilt Modules: @Qualifier
64. @Qualifier @Retention(AnnotationRetention.BINARY) annotation class DefaultDispatcher @Qualifier @Retention(AnnotationRetention.BINARY) annotation class IoDispatcher Hilt Modules: @Qualifier
65. @Qualifier @Retention(AnnotationRetention.BINARY) annotation class DefaultDispatcher // key @Qualifier @Retention(AnnotationRetention.BINARY) annotation class IoDispatcher // key Hilt Modules: @Qualifier
66. @Module @InstallIn(SingletonComponent::class) object DispatchersModule { @DefaultDispatcher @Provides fun providesMainDispatcher(): CoroutineDispatcher = Dispatchers.Default @IoDispatcher @Provides fun providesIoDispatcher(): CoroutineDispatcher = Dispatchers.IO } Hilt Modules: @Qualifier
67. class ExampleUseCase @Inject constructor( @DefaultDispatcher defaultDispatcher: CoroutineDispatcher, ) { ... } @Module @InstallIn(SingletonComponent::class) object AppModule { @Provides fun providesExampleRepository( @IoDispatcher ioDispatcher: CoroutineDispatcher, ): ExampleRepository { ... } } Hilt Modules: @Qualifier
68. Hilt Modules: Predefined @Qualifier Hilt @Qualifier . (@ApplicationContext, @ActivityContext) Context . class ExampleRepository @Inject constructor( @ApplicationContext private val appContext: Context, ) { ... } class AnalyticsAdapter @Inject constructor( @ActivityContext private val activityContext: Context, ) { ... }
69. @Module @Provides @Binds @Inject @AndroidEntryPoint @EntryPoint @HiltAndroidApp Overview @Qualifier
70. Component . Scope Annotation . Component / Scope
71. @InstallIn , @Module Component . @Module @InstallIn(SingletonComponent::class) object ExampleModule { @Provides fun providesBar(foo: Foo): Bar = BarImpl(foo) @Singleton @Provides fun providesFoo(): Foo = FooImpl() } Component
72. Scope Annotation , Component . @Module @InstallIn(SingletonComponent::class) object ExampleModule { // unscoped @Provides fun providesBar(foo: Foo): Bar = BarImpl(foo) @Singleton @Provides fun providesFoo(): Foo = FooImpl() } Scope
73. Component , . Component hierarchy
74. Component hierarchy @Module @InstallIn(SingletonComponent::class) object AppModule { @Provides fun providesFoo(): Foo = FooImpl() } @Module @InstallIn(ActivityComponent::class) object ActivityModule { @Provides fun providesBar(foo: Foo): Bar = BarImpl(foo) }
75. Component hierarchy @Module @InstallIn(SingletonComponent::class) object AppModule { @Provides fun providesBaz(bar: Bar): Baz = BazImpl(bar) } @Module @InstallIn(ActivityComponent::class) object ActivityModule { @Provides fun providesBar(foo: Foo): Bar = BarImpl(foo) }
76. SingletonComponent Overview @Module Foo ActivityRetainedComponent Bar ActivityComponent @Module Baz
77. Jetpack Hilt Jetpack . @EntryPoint . ViewModel WorkManager Navigation
78. ViewModel @HiltViewModel . , . @HiltViewModel class ExampleViewModel @Inject constructor( private val repository: ExampleRepository, ) : ViewModel() { ... } @AndroidEntryPoint class ExampleActivity : Activity() { private val exampleViewModel: ExampleViewModel by viewModels() } Jetpack : ViewModel
79. @HiltWorker, @AssistedInject , Worker . @Assisted . @HiltWorker class ExampleWorker @AssistedInject constructor( @Assisted appContext: Context, @Assisted workerParams: WorkerParameters, private val repository: ExampleRepository, ) : Worker(appContext, workerParams) { ... } Jetpack : WorkManager
80. // ۄ੉࠳۞ܻܳ ୶о ࢸ஖೧ঠ ೠ׮. dependencies { implementation 'androidx.hilt:hilt-work:1.0.0' kapt 'androidx.hilt:hilt-compiler:1.0.0' } // HiltWorkerFactory۽ WorkManagerܳ ୡӝച೧ঠ ೠ׮. @HiltAndroidApp class ExampleApplication : Application(), Configuration.Provider { @Inject lateinit var workerFactory: HiltWorkerFactory override fun getWorkManagerConfiguration() = Configuration.Builder() .setWorkerFactory(workerFactory) .build() }
81. Dagger Hilt Hilt . @HiltAndroidApp class ExampleApplication : Application() { @Inject lateinit var bar: Bar } @Module @InstallIn(SingletonComponent::class) object FooModule { @Provides fun provideBar(): Bar = Bar() }
82. Dagger Hilt Bar ExampleApplication DaggerExampleApplication_HiltComponents_SingletonC FooModule ੄ઓࢿ ஶప੉ց
83. Dagger Hilt (1) . @HiltAndroidApp class ExampleApplication : Application() { @Inject lateinit var bar: Bar } @Module @InstallIn(SingletonComponent::class) object FooModule { @Provides fun provideBar(): Bar = Bar() }
84. @HiltAndroidApp class ExampleApplication : Application() // -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- // Generated by Hilt public final class ExampleApplication_HiltComponents { @Component(modules = { ActivityRetainedCBuilderModule.class, ... }) @Singleton public abstract static class SingletonC implements SingletonComponent { } ... } // -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- // Generated by Dagger public final class DaggerExampleApplication_HiltComponents_SingletonC { // ੄ઓࢿ ஶప੉ց private static final class SingletonCImpl extends ExampleApplication_HiltComponents.SingletonC { public void injectExampleApplication(ExampleApplication exampleApplication) {} } ... } @HiltAndroidApp - ੄ઓࢿ ஶప੉ցܳ ࢤࢿೠ׮.
85. Dagger Hilt (2) . @HiltAndroidApp class ExampleApplication : Application() { @Inject lateinit var bar: Bar } @Module @InstallIn(SingletonComponent::class) object FooModule { @Provides fun provideBar(): Bar = Bar() }
86. ࢶ঱ೠ Componentী Module੉ ୶оػ׮. @Module @InstallIn(SingletonComponent::class) object FooModule { @Provides fun provideBar(): Bar = Bar() } // -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- public final class ExampleApplication_HiltComponents { @Component( modules = { ApplicationContextModule.class, ActivityRetainedCBuilderModule.class, FooModule.class, } ) @Singleton public abstract static class SingletonC implements HiltWrapper_ActivityRetainedComponentManager_ActivityRetainedComponentBuilderEntryPoint, SingletonComponent, GeneratedComponent { } }
87. @Provides݃׮ ੄ઓࢿਸ ઁҕೞח Factory ௿ېझо ࢤࢿػ׮. @Module @InstallIn(SingletonComponent::class) object FooModule { @Provides fun provideBar(): Bar = Bar() } // -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- public final class FooModule_ProvideBarFactory implements Factory<Bar> { public static Bar provideBar() { return Preconditions.checkNotNullFromProvides(FooModule.INSTANCE.provideBar()); } }
88. Dagger Hilt (3) . @HiltAndroidApp class ExampleApplication : Application() { @Inject lateinit var bar: Bar } @Module @InstallIn(SingletonComponent::class) object FooModule { @Provides fun provideBar(): Bar = Bar() } Hilt_ExampleApplication.java ExampleApplication_GeneratedInjector.java ExampleApplication_MembersInjector.java
89. @HiltAndroidApp class ExampleApplication : Application() { @Inject lateinit var bar: Bar } = @HiltAndroidApp class ExampleApplication : Hilt_ExampleApplication() { @Inject lateinit var bar: Bar } ߄੉౟௏٘ܳ ߸ജೞৈ, ࠗݽ ௿ېझܳ ߸҃ೠ׮.
90. Hilt_ExampleApplication.java public abstract class Hilt_ExampleApplication extends Application { private boolean injected = false; @CallSuper @Override public void onCreate() { if (!injected) { injected = true; ((ExampleApplication_GeneratedInjector) componentManager.generatedComponent()) .injectExampleApplication(this); } super.onCreate(); } private final ApplicationComponentManager componentManager = new ApplicationComponentManager( () -> DaggerExampleApplication_HiltComponents_SingletonC.builder() .applicationContextModule(new ApplicationContextModule(Hilt_ExampleApplication.this)) .build()); } Injector۽ SingletonCী ੽Ӕೞৈ, ੄ઓࢿ ઱ੑਸ ਃ୒ೠ׮.
91. ExampleApplication_GeneratedInjector.java @GeneratedEntryPoint @InstallIn(SingletonComponent.class) public interface ExampleApplication_GeneratedInjector { void injectExampleApplication(ExampleApplication exampleApplication); } // -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- public final class ExampleApplication_HiltComponents { @Component(modules = { ... }) @Singleton public abstract static class SingletonC implements HiltWrapper_ActivityRetainedComponentManager_ActivityRetainedComponentBuilderEntryPoint, SingletonComponent, GeneratedComponent, ExampleApplication_GeneratedInjector { } } // -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- public final class DaggerExampleApplication_HiltComponents_SingletonC { private static final class SingletonCImpl extends SingletonC { public void injectExampleApplication(ExampleApplication instance) { } }
92. ExampleApplication_MembersInjector.java @HiltAndroidApp class ExampleApplication : Application() { @Inject lateinit var bar: Bar } // -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- public final class ExampleApplication_MembersInjector implements MembersInjector<ExampleApplication> { public static void injectBar(ExampleApplication instance, Bar bar) { instance.bar = bar; } } // -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- public final class DaggerExampleApplication_HiltComponents_SingletonC { private static final class SingletonCImpl extends SingletonC { public void injectExampleApplication(ExampleApplication instance) { ExampleApplication_MembersInjector.injectBar( instance, FooModule_ProvideBarFactory.provideBar()); } } ࢤࢿػ Injector ௿ېझܳ ా೧, উ٘۽੉٘ ௿ېझী ੄ઓࢿ੉ ઱ੑػ׮.
93. Dagger Hilt DaggerExampleApplication_HiltComponents_SingletonC SingletonCImpl FooModule_ProvideBarFactory ExampleApplication_MemeberInjector ExampleApplication Hilt_ExampleApplication Bar ExampleApplication_GeneratedInjector ApplicationComponentManager
94. Dagger Hilt Dagger Hilt . ( ) Link: h tt ps://speakerdeck.com/fornewid, h tt ps://youtu.be/iE_2llWUI6A
95. Dagger Hilt 4
96. Component Component , . SingletonComponent (1) ActivityRetainedComponent ActivityComponent FragmentComponent (3) (2)
97. Before class ExampleActivity : ComponentActivity() { private val bar = Bar() bar.doSomething() }
98. @AndroidEntryPoint class ExampleActivity : ComponentActivity() { @Inject lateinit var bar: Bar bar.doSomething() } @Module @InstallIn(SingletonComponent::class) object BarModule { @Provides fun provideBar(): Bar = Bar() }
99. : Singleton Singleton . object SingletonBar { fun doSomething() { ... } } ... SingletonBar.doSomething()
100. Before class ExampleActivity : ComponentActivity() { SingletonBar.doSomething() }
101. , Singleton @AndroidEntryPoint class ExampleActivity : ComponentActivity() { @Inject lateinit var singletonBar: SingletonBar singletonBar.doSomething() } @Module @InstallIn(SingletonComponent::class) object BarModule { @Provides fun provideBar(): SingletonBar = SingletonBar }
102. interface-impl , Singleton interface SingletonBar { fun doSomething() } @Deprecated object SingletonBarImpl : SingletonBar { override fun doSomething() { ... } } @Module @InstallIn(SingletonComponent::class) object BarModule { @Provides fun provideBar(): SingletonBar = SingletonBarImpl }
103. Hilt , Singleton interface SingletonBar { fun doSomething() } @Singleton class SingletonBarImpl @Inject constructor() : SingletonBar { override fun doSomething() { ... } } @Module @InstallIn(SingletonComponent::class) interface BarModule { @Binds fun bindBar(impl: SingletonBarImpl): SingletonBar }
104. : Singleton + Context Singleton Context . class SingletonBar private constructor(private val context: Context) { fun doSomething() { ... } companion object { private lateinit var instance: SingletonBar fun initialize(context: Context) { instance = SingletonBar(context.applicationContext) } fun getInstance(): SingletonBar = instance } }
105. Before class ExampleApplication : Application() { override fun onCreate() { super.onCreate() SingletonBar.initialize(this) } } class ExampleActivity : ComponentActivity() { override fun onCreate(savedInstanceState: Bundle?) { super.onCreate(savedInstanceState) SingletonBar.getInstance().doSomething() } }
106. , Singleton @Module @InstallIn(SingletonComponent::class) object BarModule { @Provides fun provideBar(): SingletonBar = SingletonBar.getInstance() } @AndroidEntryPoint class ExampleActivity : ComponentActivity() { @Inject lateinit var singletonBar: SingletonBar override fun onCreate(savedInstanceState: Bundle?) { super.onCreate(savedInstanceState) singletonBar.doSomething() } }
107. interface-impl , Singleton @Module @InstallIn(SingletonComponent::class) object BarModule { @Provides fun provideBar(): SingletonBar = SingletonBarImpl.getInstance() } interface SingletonBar { fun doSomething() } class SingletonBarImpl private constructor( context: Context ) : SingletonBar { ... }
108. Hilt , Singleton @Module @InstallIn(SingletonComponent::class) interface BarModule { @Binds fun bindBar(impl: SingletonBarImpl): SingletonBar } interface SingletonBar { fun doSomething() } @Singleton class SingletonBarImpl @Inject constructor( @ApplicationContext context: Context ) : SingletonBar { ... }
109. : Singleton + Singleton Singleton . class SingletonBar private constructor(...) { fun doSomething() { SingletonFoo.doSomething() } } class SingletonFoo private constructor(...) { fun doSomething() { ... } }
110. Before class ExampleActivity : ComponentActivity() { override fun onCreate(savedInstanceState: Bundle?) { super.onCreate(savedInstanceState) SingletonBar.getInstance().doSomething() } } class SingletonBar private constructor(...) { fun doSomething() { SingletonFoo.getInstance().doSomething() } } class SingletonFoo private constructor(...) { fun doSomething() { ... } }
111. Before class SingletonBar private constructor(private val context: Context) { fun doSomething() { SingletonFoo.getInstance().doSomething() } } class SingletonFoo private constructor( private val context: Context ) { fun doSomething() { ... } }
112. After class SingletonBar private constructor(private val context: Context) { private val singletonFoo: SingletonFoo fun doSomething() { singletonFoo.doSomething() } } @Singleton class SingletonFoo @Inject constructor( @ApplicationContext private val context: Context ) { fun doSomething() { ... } }
113. After class SingletonBar private constructor(private val context: Context) { private val singletonFoo: SingletonFoo init { val entryPoint = EntryPointAccessors.fromApplication( context.applicationContext, SingletonBarEntryPoint::class.java ) singletonFoo = entryPoint.provideFoo() } } @EntryPoint @InstallIn(SingletonComponent::class) interface SingletonBarEntryPoint { fun provideFoo(): SingletonFoo }
114. Final @Singleton class SingletonBar @Inject constructor( private val context: Context, private val singletonFoo: SingletonFoo, ) { fun doSomething() { singletonFoo.doSomething() } }
115. Depth . @AndroidEntryPoint class ExampleActivity : ComponentActivity() { @Inject lateinit var singletonBar: SingletonBar fun doSomething() { singletonBar.doSomething() } } (3) (1) (2) app start
116. : Component Component Component @AndroidEntryPoint . , Fragment Hilt Fragment Activity @AndroidEntryPoint . @AndroidEntryPoint class ExampleActivity : ComponentActivity() { ... } @AndroidEntryPoint class ExampleFragment : Fragment() { ... } ExampleActivity ExampleFragment @inject
117. ViewModel @HiltViewModel class ExampleViewModel @Inject constructor( private val singletonBar: SingletonBar, ) : ViewModel() { ... } @AndroidEntryPoint class ExampleActivity : ComponentActivity() { private val viewModel: ExampleViewModel by viewModels() } class ExampleFragment : ComponentActivity() { }
118. ViewModel @HiltViewModel class ExampleViewModel @Inject constructor( private val singletonBar: SingletonBar, ) : ViewModel() { ... } @AndroidEntryPoint class ExampleActivity : ComponentActivity() { // private val viewModel: ExampleViewModel by viewModels() } @AndroidEntryPoint class ExampleFragment : ComponentActivity() { private val viewModel: ExampleViewModel by viewModels() }
119. ViewModel @HiltViewModel class ExampleViewModel @Inject constructor( private val singletonBar: SingletonBar, ) : ViewModel() { ... } @AndroidEntryPoint class ExampleActivity : ComponentActivity() { ... } class ExampleFragment : ComponentActivity() { private val viewModel: ExampleViewModel by activityViewModels() }
120. : Base Base , @AndroidEntryPoint . class BaseActivity : ComponentActivity() { @Inject lateinit var bar: Bar } @AndroidEntryPoint class ExampleActivity : BaseActivity() { ... }
121. , ? 🤔
122. #1: @AndroidEntryPoint . , . @AndroidEntryPoint class ExampleActivity : AppCompatActivity() { @Inject lateinit var bar: Bar override fun attachBaseContext(base: Context) { super.attachBaseContext(bar.newContext(base)) } } Link: h tt ps://stackove rf low.com/a/64162926
123. #2: Generic Base Generic , . @AndroidEntryPoint class ExampleActivity : BaseActivity<Something>() { ... } Link: h tt ps://github.com/google/dagger/issues/3370
124. Dagger Hilt 5 ⚠ : = Gradle Module / @Module = Dagger Module
125. App Modularization , . :app:android :feature:home :data:books :feature:reviews :feature:player :app:auto :core:network :data:reviews
126. App Modularization: @Module Hilt Module , . :app:android :feature:home :data:books :feature:reviews :feature:player :app:auto :core:network :data:reviews @Module @Module @Module
127. App Modularization: @Module @HiltAndroidApp Hilt Module . :app:android :feature:home :data:books :core:network @Module @InstallIn(SingletonComponent::class) object FeatureHomeModule { ... } @Module @InstallIn(SingletonComponent::class) object DataBooksModule { ... } @Module @InstallIn(SingletonComponent::class) object CoreNetworkModule { ... } @HiltAndroidApp class MyApp : Application()
128. Without Classpath Aggregation @Module . hilt_metadata :app:android :feature:home :data:books :core:network implementation implementation api @Metadata @Metadata @InstallIn @InstallIn @InstallIn @Generated("dagger.hilt") interface MyApp_HiltComponents { @Component(modules = [ FeatureHomeModule::class, DataBooksModule::class, ... ]) interface SingletonC } CoreNetworkModule::class, Link: h tt ps://medium.com/androiddevelopers/mad-skills-series-hilt-under-the-hood-9d89ee227059
129. With Classpath Aggregation Classpath Aggregation , . hilt_metadata :app:android :feature:home :data:books :core:network implementation implementation api @Metadata @Metadata @Metadata @InstallIn @InstallIn @InstallIn @Generated("dagger.hilt") interface MyApp_HiltComponents { @Component(modules = [ FeatureHomeModule::class, DataBooksModule::class, ... ]) interface SingletonC } CoreNetworkModule::class, Link: h tt ps://medium.com/androiddevelopers/mad-skills-series-hilt-under-the-hood-9d89ee227059
130. App Architecture . UI Layer Domain Layer Data Layer
131. App Architecture . :ui :domain :data implementation implementation
132. App Architecture Hilt , . :data class ExampleUseCase @Inject constructor( private val repository: ExampleRepository ) { ... } :ui :domain class ExampleRepository @Inject constructor( ) { ... }
133. App Architecture: interface, class , :domain :data class ExampleUseCase @Inject constructor( private val repository: ExampleRepository ) { ... } class ExampleRepository @Inject constructor( ) { ... }
134. App Architecture: interface, class interface class , . :domain :data interface ExampleRepository class ExampleRepositoryImpl @Inject constructor( ) : ExampleRepository { ... } @Module @InstallIn(SingletonComponent::class) interface DataModule { @Binds fun bindRepository( impl: ExampleRepositoryImpl ) : ExampleRepository } class ExampleUseCase @Inject constructor( private val repository: ExampleRepository ) { ... }
135. App Architecture: internal , internal . :domain :data interface ExampleRepository internal class ExampleRepositoryImpl @Inject constructor( ) : ExampleRepository { ... } @Module @InstallIn(SingletonComponent::class) internal interface DataModule { @Binds fun bindRepository( impl: ExampleRepositoryImpl ) : ExampleRepository } class ExampleUseCase @Inject constructor( private val repository: ExampleRepository ) { ... }
136. internal @Module , HiltWrapper internal @Module @OriginatingElement(topLevelClass = DataModule.class) @InstallIn(SingletonComponent.class) @Module(includes = DataModule.class) public final class HiltWrapper_DataModule {} @Module @InstallIn(SingletonComponent::class) internal interface DataModule { @Binds fun bindRepository(impl: ExampleRepositoryImpl) : ExampleRepository }
137. internal @Module ؀न Componentী ୶о೧ળ׮. Ӓ۞ա… public final class ExampleApplication_HiltComponents { @Component( modules = { ApplicationContextModule.class, ActivityRetainedCBuilderModule.class, HiltWrapper_DataModule.class, } ) @Singleton public abstract static class SingletonC implements HiltWrapper_ActivityRetainedComponentManager_ActivityRetainedComponentBuilderEntryPoint, SingletonComponent, GeneratedComponent { } }
138. App Architecture: internal internal . ( ) = . ( ) =
139. App Architecture: interface class . :domain-qux :domain-bar-api :domain-baz :domain-bar-impl interface Bar class BarImpl(foo: Foo) : Bar interface Qux class QuxImpl(bar: Bar) : Qux interface Baz class BazImpl(bar: Bar) : Baz
140. App Architecture: @Module . :domain-qux :domain-bar-api :domain-baz :domain-bar-impl interface Bar class BarImpl(foo: Foo) : Bar -> interface Qux class QuxImpl(bar: Bar) : Qux @Module interface Baz class BazImpl(bar: Bar) : Baz
141. App Architecture: (DIP) . :domain-qux-impl :domain-baz-impl :domain-bar-impl :domain-foo-impl class BazImpl(bar: Bar) : Baz class BarImpl(foo: Foo) : Bar class FooImpl() : Foo class QuxImpl(baz: Baz) : Qux :domain-qux-api :domain-baz-api :domain-bar-api :domain-foo-api interface Baz interface Bar interface Foo interface Qux Link: h tt ps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dependency_inversion_principle
142. App Modularization: Final! . :app:android :feature:home-api :data:books-api :data:books-impl :app:android :feature:home :data:books :feature:home-impl Before After implementation implementation
143. App Modularization: Final! (+ runtimeOnly) , . :app:android :feature:home-api :data:books-api :data:books-impl runtimeOnly :app:android :feature:home :data:books :feature:home-impl runtimeOnly Before After
144. , . , DI . Dagger Hilt . Component, Scope, Module, @Inject, @AndroidEntryPoint, … . Dagger Hilt , .
145. @Module @Provides @Binds @Inject @AndroidEntryPoint @EntryPoint @HiltAndroidApp @Qualifier
146. SingletonComponent @Module Foo ActivityRetainedComponent Bar ActivityComponent @Module Baz
147. !