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Let Grunt do the work, focus on the fun!
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Dirk Ginader
April 03, 2013
Technology
5
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Let Grunt do the work, focus on the fun!
Introduction to Grunt, the Javascript Task Runner
HTML5 Developer Conference 2013
Dirk Ginader
April 03, 2013
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Transcript
Let Grunt do the work, focus on the fun! Dirk
Ginader, Google, 2013 1
Let Grunt do the endlessly repetitive tedious tasks, focus on
the important stuff! Dirk Ginader, Google, 2013 2
Let Grunt do the work, focus on the fun! Dirk
Ginader, Google, 2013 3
Why Build scripts? 4
Because great Developers are lazy. 5
Because great Developers are lazy. FACT. 6
time spent task size non-geek geek does it manually makes
fun of geek’s complicated method loses does it manually gets annoyed writes script to automate runs script wins 7
Build systems have been around for ages • Make •
Maven • and so many more ... • Ant • Rake 8
They’re all great and powerful and all... 9
Minify with Ant <target name="js-compile-all" description="Compile JavaScript files with Closure"
unless="skip-js-compile"> <echo>Compiling JS files in ${input.scripts.dir} in closure...</echo> <apply executable="java" dest="${output.scripts.dir}"> <arg value="-jar"/> <arg path="${jar.lib.dir}/closure-compiler.jar"/> <arg line="--js"/> <srcfile/> <arg line="--js_output_file"/> <targetfile/> <fileset dir="${output.scripts.dir}" includes="**/*-main.debug.js" /> <mapper type="glob" from="*-main.debug.js" to="*-main.min.js"/> </apply> <echo>Finished compiling JS files</echo> </target> http://mechanics.flite.com/blog/2012/06/19/why-we-use-node-dot-js-and-grunt-to-build-javascript/ 10
11
How much I liked to configure with XML? 12
13
I’m a Front End Developer! 14
I like Javascript 15
I like LOVE Javascript 16
17
Just one year ago Ben Alman did me a great
favor: 18
GRUNT The JavaScript Task Runner 19
20
written in Javascript 21
using the node package manager 22
FAST adoption rate • jQuery • Modernizr • Adobe •
twitter • ... 23
because it’s easy! 24
System Setup: 25
download and install node.js from: http://nodejs.org/ 26
$ npm install -g grunt-cli 27
Project Setup: 28
2 important Files: package.json Gruntfile.js 29
package.json 30
{ "name": "jQuery-Accessible-Tabs", "version": "1.9.7", "homepage": "http://github.com/ginader/Accessible-Tabs", "author": { "name":
"Dirk Ginader", "url": "http://ginader.com" }, "devDependencies": { } } https://npmjs.org/doc/json.html 31
Gives you: • Variables you can use in your script
i.e. version and name • Dev Dependencies that allows you to quickly install all required npm modules 32
{ "name": "jQuery-Accessible-Tabs", "version": "1.9.7", "homepage": "http://github.com/ginader/Accessible-Tabs", "author": { "name":
"Dirk Ginader", "url": "http://ginader.com" }, "devDependencies": { } } https://npmjs.org/doc/json.html 33
$ npm install grunt --save-dev 34
{ "name": "jQuery-Accessible-Tabs", "version": "1.9.7", "homepage": "http://github.com/ginader/Accessible-Tabs", "author": { "name":
"Dirk Ginader", "url": "http://ginader.com" }, "devDependencies": { "grunt": "~0.4.0" } } https://npmjs.org/doc/json.html 35
$ npm install install all the defined Dependencies in one
go 36
Gruntfile.js 37
Minify with Grunt http://mechanics.flite.com/blog/2012/06/19/why-we-use-node-dot-js-and-grunt-to-build-javascript/ module.exports = function(grunt) { grunt.initConfig({ uglify:
{ dist: { src: 'dist/myfile.js', dest: 'dist/myfile.min.js' }, } }); grunt.loadNpmTasks('grunt-contrib-uglify'); grunt.registerTask('default', ['uglify']); }; 38
Minify with Ant <target name="js-compile-all" description="Compile JavaScript files with Closure"
unless="skip-js-compile"> <echo>Compiling JS files in ${input.scripts.dir} in closure...</echo> <apply executable="java" dest="${output.scripts.dir}"> <arg value="-jar"/> <arg path="${jar.lib.dir}/closure-compiler.jar"/> <arg line="--js"/> <srcfile/> <arg line="--js_output_file"/> <targetfile/> <fileset dir="${output.scripts.dir}" includes="**/*-main.debug.js" /> <mapper type="glob" from="*-main.debug.js" to="*-main.min.js"/> </apply> <echo>Finished compiling JS files</echo> </target> http://mechanics.flite.com/blog/2012/06/19/why-we-use-node-dot-js-and-grunt-to-build-javascript/ 39
40
Minify with Grunt http://mechanics.flite.com/blog/2012/06/19/why-we-use-node-dot-js-and-grunt-to-build-javascript/ module.exports = function(grunt) { grunt.initConfig({ uglify:
{ dist: { src: 'dist/myfile.js', dest: 'dist/myfile.min.js' } } }); grunt.loadNpmTasks('grunt-contrib-uglify'); grunt.registerTask('default', ['uglify']); }; 41
Minify with Grunt http://mechanics.flite.com/blog/2012/06/19/why-we-use-node-dot-js-and-grunt-to-build-javascript/ module.exports = function(grunt) { grunt.initConfig({ uglify:
{ dist: { src: 'dist/myfile.js', dest: 'dist/myfile.min.js' } } }); grunt.loadNpmTasks('grunt-contrib-uglify'); grunt.registerTask('default', ['uglify']); }; 42
Minify with Grunt http://mechanics.flite.com/blog/2012/06/19/why-we-use-node-dot-js-and-grunt-to-build-javascript/ module.exports = function(grunt) { grunt.initConfig({ uglify:
{ dist: { src: 'dist/myfile.js', dest: 'dist/myfile.min.js' } } }); grunt.loadNpmTasks('grunt-contrib-uglify'); grunt.registerTask('default', ['uglify']); }; 43
44
easy to add more $ npm i grunt-contrib-jshint --save-dev 45
add JS Linting module.exports = function(grunt) { grunt.initConfig({ jshint: {
all: ['*.js'] }, uglify: { dist: { src: 'myfile.js', dest: 'myfile.min.js' } } }); grunt.loadNpmTasks('grunt-contrib-uglify'); grunt.loadNpmTasks('grunt-contrib-jshint'); grunt.registerTask('default', ['jshint','uglify']); }; 46
add data from package.json module.exports = function(grunt) { grunt.initConfig({ pkg:
grunt.file.readJSON('package.json'), jshint: { all: ['*.js'] }, uglify: { options: { banner: '/*! <%= pkg.name %>' + ' <%= grunt.template.today("yyyy-mm-dd") %> */\n' }, dist: { src: 'myfile.js', dest: 'myfile.min.js' } } }); grunt.loadNpmTasks('grunt-contrib-uglify'); grunt.loadNpmTasks('grunt-contrib-jshint'); grunt.registerTask('default', ['jshint','uglify']); }; 47
add data from package.json module.exports = function(grunt) { grunt.initConfig({ pkg:
grunt.file.readJSON('package.json'), jshint: { all: ['*.js'] }, uglify: { options: { banner: '/*! <%= pkg.name %>' + ' <%= grunt.template.today("yyyy-mm-dd") %> */\n' }, dist: { src: '<%= pkg.name %>.js', dest: '<%= pkg.name %>.min.js' } } }); grunt.loadNpmTasks('grunt-contrib-uglify'); grunt.loadNpmTasks('grunt-contrib-jshint'); grunt.registerTask('default', ['jshint','uglify']); }; 48
add data from package.json module.exports = function(grunt) { grunt.initConfig({ pkg:
grunt.file.readJSON('package.json'), jshint: { all: ['*.js'] }, uglify: { options: { banner: '/*! <%= pkg.name %>' + ' <%= grunt.template.today("yyyy-mm-dd") %> */\n' }, dist: { src: '<%= pkg.name %>.js', dest: '<%= pkg.name %>.<%= pkg.version %>.min.js' } } }); grunt.loadNpmTasks('grunt-contrib-uglify'); grunt.loadNpmTasks('grunt-contrib-jshint'); grunt.registerTask('default', ['jshint','uglify']); }; 49
minify and combine CSS cssmin: { compress: { options: {
banner: '<%= banner %>' }, files: { 'project.min.css': ['1.css','2.css', '...'] } } } grunt.loadNpmTasks('grunt-contrib-cssmin'); grunt.registerTask('default', ['jshint','uglify', 'cssmin']); 50
optimize Images imagemin: { dist: { options: { optimizationLevel: 3
}, files: { // 'destination': 'source' 'dist/img.png': 'src/img.png', 'dist/img.jpg': 'src/img.jpg' } } } grunt.registerTask('default', ['imagemin']); 51
but it’s more than just optimizations 52
render markdown to HTML markdown: { all: { files: ['readme.markdown','version-history.markdown'],
template: 'web/template.html', dest: 'web', options: { gfm: true, codeLines: { before: '<span>', after: '</span>' } } } } 53
remove debug code removelogging: { dist: { src: 'js/jquery.tabs.min.js', dest:
'js/jquery.tabs.min.js' } } 54
compile Sass/Compass // setup Compass/Sass to load from existing config.rb
compass: { dist: { options: { config: 'config.rb' } } } 55
and Livereload! 56
Scaffolding 57
$ npm install -g grunt-init 58
many templates for grunt-init • Gruntfile • Grunt plugin •
jQuery plugin • node.js • ... 59
$ git clone git:// github.com/gruntjs/grunt- init-jquery.git ~/.grunt- init/jquery 60
$ grunt-init jquery 61
62
The opinions I expressed here represent my own and not
necessarily those of my employer. btw: We’re hiring! Talk to me :-) Thank you! Questions? 63
Resources • Grunt: http://gruntjs.com/ • Great article: http://dir.kg/grunt.workflow • Extending
Grunt big time: http://yeoman.io • Me: http://dir.kg/me • @ginader on twitter • the example projects: http://github.com/ginader/ • http://ginader.com 64