LoRaWAN crash course

What is LoRaWAN? Think of it as WiFi for sensors! In this workshop, you will learn all about LoRaWAN, and how to develop a simple sensor that sends data to the Internet via the free/open The Things Network.

Transcript

1. Civic Tech Hackathon for a better city
   

   View Slide

2. LORAWAN CRASH COURSE
   Building an open and free Internet of Things
   casas@arch.ethz.ch | twitter.com/gnz
   

   View Slide

3. THE THINGS NETWORK
   A global community, building open source
   to operate a crowd-sourced network for
   the Internet of Things.
   

   View Slide

4. THE THINGS NETWORK
   A global community, building open source
   to operate a crowd-sourced network for
   the Internet of Things.
   FREE/OPEN
   GLOBAL
   WIFI
   SENSORS
   

   View Slide

5. IN SWITZERLAND
   

   View Slide

6. View Slide

7. ZURICH COVERAGE
   

   View Slide

8.  TECHNOLOGY
    COMMUNITY
    OPENNESS
   

   View Slide

9. WHAT IS LORAWAN?
   

   View Slide

10. LORAWAN
    • LoRa (Long Range): Radio modulation technique
    • LoRaWAN: MAC protocol for Wide Area Networks (OSI Layer 2 and 3)
    sensors
    nodes
    gateways backend
    application
    backend
    LoRa ip ip
    

    View Slide

11. LORAWAN
    3 * 10
    10 km range
    10 USD/node
    10 years battery life
    

    View Slide

12. LONG RANGE
    2km - 5km in urban setting
    40km+ in rural setting
    © ttnmapper.org , Open Street Map
    

    View Slide

13. INSANELY
    LONG RANGE
    (under extreme conditions)
    201 km ground-to-ground
    by Andreas Spiess, TTN Basel
    http://www.sensorsiot.org/
    © ttnmapper.org
    

    View Slide

14. INSANELY
    LONG RANGE
    (under extreme conditions)
    333 km air-to-ground (helium balloon)
    by @telkamp (mapping @jpmeijers)
    © ttnmapper.org
    

    View Slide

15. LOW COST
    Node/transceiver: CHF 8.5
    Gateway: ~CHF 90 (indoor)
    Open source stack + ISM bands
    Low CAPEX, almost negligible OPEX
    Photos by @gnz, CC-BY-SA
    

    View Slide

16. FREE & OPEN SOURCE STACK
    

    View Slide

17. UNLICENSED SPECTRUM
    Anyone can deploy a LoRaWAN network!
    

    View Slide

18. LOW POWER
    Class A Class B Class C
    Always send,
    receive after send.
    Up to 10 years.
    Deep sleep: ~10 μA
    TX ~40 mA
    RX ~14 mA
    Time-synchronized
    receive windows.
    Always-on receive
    mode.
    Not supported
    Support not ready,
    but planned
    

    View Slide

19. View Slide

20. LIMITATIONS
    Bandwidth
    Payload size
    Regulatory limits
    0.3 bps to 50 kbps
    51 bytes (DR0)
    222 bytes (DR4)
    Fair usage policy
    1% Duty Cycle
    30 seconds/day airtime
    10 downlinks/day
    

    View Slide

21. COMMUNITY
    

    View Slide

22. Photo by Ali Soy, @alisoy1502
    

    View Slide

23. Photos by @gnz, CC-BY-SA
    

    View Slide

24. Photos by @gnz, CC-BY-SA
    

    View Slide

25. Photos by @gnz, CC-BY-SA
    

    View Slide

26. Photos by @gnz, CC-BY-SA
    

    View Slide

27. OPENNESS
    

    View Slide

28. CAN WE TRUST AN OPEN
    NETWORK?
    

    View Slide

29. THE WORLD RUNS ON OSS
    

    View Slide

30. CAN I TRUST…
    …the gateway won’t be shut down?
    REDUNDANCY
    …sensitive information stays private?
    CRYPTOGRAPHY
    …the backend to be up-and-running?
    DECENTRALIZATION
    

    View Slide

31. CAN I TRUST…
    …it will be around in a few years time?
    OSS + OPEN STANDARDS
    

    View Slide

32. CONNECTING THINGS
    

    View Slide

33. GATEWAYS
    

    View Slide

34. GATEWAYS
    

    View Slide

35. GATEWAYS
    

    View Slide

36. GATEWAYS
    

    View Slide

37. console.ttn.opennetworkinfrastructure.org
    u.nu/ttn
    

    View Slide

38. View Slide

39. APPLICATIONS
    

    View Slide

40. View Slide

41. DEVICES
    

    View Slide

42. THANK YOU @2ni!
    https://github.com/2ni/lorawan_modem
    

    View Slide

43. WIRING
    Type ST Board Nano Type
    GND GND
    COMMAND PB8 D3 RTS
    BUSY PA8 D2 CTS
    USART1_RX PA10 TX UART TX
    USART1_TX PA9 RX UART RX
    Diagram by Thomas Amberg (@tamberg)
    

    View Slide

44. STEPS
    1. Get Dev EUI from device
    2. Register device on TTN
    3. Get App EUI & Key from TTN
    4. Use join(appeui, appkey)
    

    View Slide

45. View Slide

46. View Slide

47. MORE RESOURCES
    • Working with bytes:
    https://www.thethingsnetwork.org/docs/devices/bytes.html
    • LoRa crash course (RF, link budget, lots of technical details)
    https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=T3dGLqZrjIQ
    

    View Slide

48. THANKS!
    Gonzalo Casas
    Open Network Infrastructure Association
    casas@arch.ethz.ch | twitter.com/gnz
    

    View Slide

49. ARCHITECTURE
    

    View Slide

50. View Slide

51. ROUTER BROKER HANDLER
    

    View Slide

52. ROUTER BROKER HANDLER
    COMMUNITY NETWORK
    

    View Slide

53. ROUTER BROKER HANDLER
    ROUTER BROKER HANDLER
    COMMUNITY NETWORK
    

    View Slide

54. ROUTER BROKER HANDLER
    ROUTER BROKER HANDLER
    COMMUNITY NETWORK
    

    View Slide

55. ROUTER BROKER HANDLER
    ROUTER BROKER HANDLER
    COMMUNITY NETWORK
    

    View Slide

56. ROUTER BROKER HANDLER
    ROUTER BROKER HANDLER
    COMMUNITY NETWORK
    

    View Slide

57. ROUTER BROKER HANDLER
    ROUTER BROKER HANDLER
    COMMUNITY NETWORK
    

    View Slide

58. ROUTER BROKER HANDLER
    ROUTER BROKER HANDLER
    COMMUNITY NETWORK
    

    View Slide

59. ROUTER BROKER HANDLER
    ROUTER BROKER HANDLER
    COMMUNITY NETWORK
    

    View Slide

60. ROUTER BROKER HANDLER
    ROUTER BROKER HANDLER
    COMMUNITY NETWORK
    

    View Slide

61. ROUTER BROKER HANDLER
    

    View Slide

62. ROUTER BROKER HANDLER
    ROUTER BROKER HANDLER
    APPLICATION DO
    OFFICIAL SWISS ZONE
    

    View Slide

63. ROUTER BROKER HANDLER
    ROUTER BROKER HANDLER
    ROUTER BROKER HANDLER
    

    View Slide

64. ROUTER BROKER HANDLER
    ROUTER BROKER HANDLER
    ROUTER BROKER HANDLER
    

    View Slide

65. END-TO-END SECURITY
    

    View Slide

66. LORAWAN SESSIONS
    Network Session Key: Message Integrity
    Application Session Key: Join, Encryption and Decryption
    Devices Gateways Network Server Application
    

    View Slide

67. ASYMMETRIC KEYS
    Network Session Key: Message Integrity
    Application Session Key: Join, Encryption and Decryption
    Devices Gateways Network Server Application
    Dual-band Provisioning, Asymmetric Cryptography
    

    View Slide

68. ASYMMETRIC KEYS
    Network Session Key: Message Integrity
    Application Session Key: Join, Encryption and Decryption
    Devices Gateways Network Server Application
    Dual-band Provisioning, Asymmetric Cryptography
    IoT Platform
    

    View Slide

69. LINKS
    https://ttn-ch.herokuapp.com/
    https://opennetworkinfrastructure.org/
    https://www.thethingsnetwork.org/country/switzerland/
    

    View Slide