Upgrade to Pro
— share decks privately, control downloads, hide ads and more …
Speaker Deck
Features
Speaker Deck
PRO
Sign in
Sign up for free
Search
Search
Building Testable PHP Applications
Search
Chris Hartjes
March 03, 2013
Technology
4
600
Building Testable PHP Applications
Slides from Midwest PHP 2013
Chris Hartjes
March 03, 2013
Tweet
Share
More Decks by Chris Hartjes
See All by Chris Hartjes
Confessions of a not-so-accidental leader
grumpycanuck
0
180
Lessons Learned From 10 Years Of Testing
grumpycanuck
4
120
Learn To Test Like A Grumpy Programmer
grumpycanuck
0
220
Time Management For Grumpy Programmers
grumpycanuck
0
190
Learn To Test Like A Grumpy Programmer
grumpycanuck
1
220
Learn To Test Like A Grumpy Programmer
grumpycanuck
2
190
Grumpy Testing Patterns
grumpycanuck
1
930
Embrace Your Inner Grumpy: Metatesting in 2016
grumpycanuck
0
120
Smelly Tests
grumpycanuck
0
84
Other Decks in Technology
See All in Technology
Qiita Organizationを導入したら、アウトプッターが爆増して会社がちょっと有名になった件
minorun365
PRO
0
150
生成AI×財務経理:PoCで挑むSlack AI Bot開発と現場巻き込みのリアル
pohdccoe
1
780
Snowflake ML モデルを dbt データパイプラインに組み込む
estie
0
110
JAWS FESTA 2024「バスロケ」GPS×サーバーレスの開発と運用の舞台裏/jawsfesta2024-bus-gps-serverless
ma2shita
3
280
What's new in Go 1.24?
ciarana
1
110
技術スタックだけじゃない、業務ドメイン知識のオンボーディングも同じくらいの量が必要な話
niftycorp
PRO
0
120
サバイバルモード下でのエンジニアリングマネジメント
konifar
4
810
Apache Iceberg Case Study in LY Corporation
lycorptech_jp
PRO
0
350
JAWS DAYS 2025 アーキテクチャ道場 事前説明会 / JAWS DAYS 2025 briefing document
naospon
0
2.6k
Introduction to OpenSearch Project - Search Engineering Tech Talk 2025 Winter
tkykenmt
2
150
4th place solution Eedi - Mining Misconceptions in Mathematics
rist
0
150
Охота на косуль у древних
ashapiro
0
120
Featured
See All Featured
Fontdeck: Realign not Redesign
paulrobertlloyd
83
5.4k
Unsuck your backbone
ammeep
669
57k
Fashionably flexible responsive web design (full day workshop)
malarkey
406
66k
The Power of CSS Pseudo Elements
geoffreycrofte
75
5.5k
A Philosophy of Restraint
colly
203
16k
Faster Mobile Websites
deanohume
306
31k
Making the Leap to Tech Lead
cromwellryan
133
9.1k
How To Stay Up To Date on Web Technology
chriscoyier
790
250k
KATA
mclloyd
29
14k
Why Our Code Smells
bkeepers
PRO
336
57k
Designing for humans not robots
tammielis
250
25k
Learning to Love Humans: Emotional Interface Design
aarron
273
40k
Transcript
Building Testable PHP Applications Chris Hartjes MidwestPHP 2013 - Mar.
3, 2013 @grmpyprogrammer
Text Story Time
WHY DO WE TEST? Because programming is hard
WHY DO WE TEST?
A HUGE TOPIC
UNCOMFORTABLE TRUTHS Some of this will not make sense to
you
UNCOMFORTABLE TRUTHS Some applications will resist all attempts to test
UNCOMFORTABLE TRUTHS Testing is good Testable applications are better
SO WHAT CAN WE DO?
IT’S ABOUT TOOLS
IT’S ABOUT STRATEGIES
AUTOMATION IS KEY
AUTOMATION IS KEY “Write a script that will run all
your tests before you go live”
AUTOMATION “Tell your version control system to run your tests
on commit or push”
AUTOMATION IS KEY http://jenkins-ci.org http://travis-ci.org
ARCHITECTURE “Simple systems can display complex behavior but complex systems
can only display simple behaviour”
ARCHITECTURE “Inside every great large application are many great small
applications”
ARCHITECTURE “Your framework is a detail, not the core of
your application.” -- Bob Martin
LAW OF DEMETER “The Law of Demeter for functions states
that any method of an object should call only methods belonging to itself, any parameters that were passed in to the method, any objects it created, and any directly held component objects. ”
DEPENDENCY INJECTION “Pass objects and their methods other objects and
function that are required for the task.”
DEPENDENCY INJECTION <?php namespace Grumpy; class Acl { protected $_acls;
... public function accessAllowed() { $request = \Grumpy\Context::getRequest(); return ($acls[$request->getUri()] >= $_SESSION['user_level']); } } // Meanwhile inside your controller $acl = new \Grumpy\Acl(); if (!$acl->accessAllowed()) { \Grumpy\View::render('access_denied.tmpl'); } else { \Grumpy\View::render('show_stolen_cc.tmpl'); }
DEPENDENCY INJECTION <?php namespace Grumpy; class Acl { ! protected
$_acls; ! protected $_request; ! protected $_userLevel; ! ... ! public function __construct($request, $userLevel)! ! { ! ! ... ! ! ! ! $this->_request = $request; ! ! $this->_userLevel = $userLevel; ! } } // Meanwhile inside your controller $acl = new \Grumpy\Acl($this->request, $_SESSION['user_level']); if (!$acl->accessAllowed()) { ! \Grumpy\View::render('access_denied.tmpl'); } else { ! \Grumpy\View::render('show_stolen_cc.tmpl'); }
DEPENDENCY INJECTION <?php namespace Grumpy; class Acl { ! ...
! public function setRequest($value) ! { ! ! $this->_request = $value; ! } ! public function setUserLevel($value) ! { ! ! $this->_userLevel = $value; ! } } // Meanwhile inside your controller... $acl = new \Grumpy\Acl(); $acl->setRequest($this->_request); $acl->setUserLevel($_SESSION['user_level']); if (!$acl->accessAllowed()) { ! \Grumpy\View::render('access_denied.tmpl'); } else { ! \Grumpy\View::render('show_stolen_cc.tmpl'); }
MOCK OBJECTS “Mock objects allow you to test code in
proper isolation”
MOCK OBJECTS Database connections Web services File system operations
HOW DO WE TEST THIS? <?php namespace Grumpy; class Acl
{ ! protected $_acls; ! protected $_request; ! protected $_userLevel; ! ... ! public function __construct($request, $userLevel)! ! { ! ! ... ! ! ! ! $this->_request = $request; ! ! $this->_userLevel = $userLevel; ! } } // Meanwhile inside your controller $acl = new \Grumpy\Acl($this->request, $_SESSION['user_level']); if (!$acl->accessAllowed()) { ! \Grumpy\View::render('access_denied.tmpl'); } else { ! \Grumpy\View::render('show_stolen_cc.tmpl'); }
HOW DO WE TEST THIS? <?php class GrumpyAclTest extends \PHPUnit_Framework_TestCase
{ ! public function testAdminPurgeAccessAllowed() ! { ! ! $mockRequest = $this->getMockBuilder('\Grumpy\Controller\Request') ! ! ! ->disableOriginalConstructor() ! ! ! ->getMock(); ! ! $mockController->expects($this->once)) ! ! ! ->method('getUri') ! ! ! ->will($this->returnValue('/account/purge')); ! ! $testUserLevel = 'admin'; ! ! $acl = new \Grumpy\Acl($mockRequest, $testUserLevel); ! ! $this->assertTrue( ! ! ! $acl->accessAllowed(), ! ! ! 'admin user should have access to purge accounts' ! ! ); ! } }
HOW DO WE TEST THIS? “Protected and private methods and
attributes are difficult to test properly”
METHODS? Etsy’s PHPUnit Extensions https:/ /github.com/etsy/phpunit-extensions Uses annotations to flag
methods you wish to test
METHODS? class ObjectWithPrivate { ! private function myInaccessiblePrivateMethod() ! {
! ! return 'inaccessible'; ! } ! /** @accessibleForTesting */ ! private function myAccessiblePrivateMethod() { ! ! return 'accessible'; ! } }
METHODS? class ObjectWithPrivateTest extends PHPUnit_Framework_Testcase { ! public $accessible; !
public function setUp() ! { ! ! parent::setUp(); ! ! $this->accessible = new PHPUnit_Extensions_Helper_AccessibleObject( ! ! ! new ObjectWithPrivate()); ! } ! public function testMyAccessiblePrivateMethod() ! { ! ! $this->assertEquals( ! ! ! 'accessible', ! ! ! $this->accessible->myAccessiblePrivateMethod() ! ! ); ! } }
METHODS? PHP’S Reflection API http:/ /www.gpug.ca/2012/06/02/testing- protected-methods-with-phpunit/
METHODS? class Foo { ! protected $_message; ! protected function
_bar() ! { ! ! $this->_message = 'WRITE TESTS OR I CUT YOU'; ! } }
METHODS? class FooTest extends PHPUnit_Framework_Testcase() { ! public function testProtectedBar()
! { ! ! $testFoo = new Foo(); ! ! $expectedMessage = 'WRITE TESTS OR I CUT YOU'; ! ! $reflectedFoo = new \ReflectionMethod($testFoo, '_bar'); ! ! $reflectedFoo->setAccessible(true); ! ! $reflectedFoo->invoke($testFoo); ! ! $testMessage = \PHPUnit_Framework_Assert::readAttribute( ! ! ! $testFoo, ! ! ! '_message') ! ! $this->assertEquals( ! ! ! $expectedMessage, ! ! ! $testMessage, ! ! ! "Did not get expected message" ! ! ); ! } }
ATTRIBUTES? PHP’S Reflection API PHPUnit lets you check attribute values
but not set them
HOW DO YOU TEST THIS? “If your unit test actually
uses the database, you are doing it wrong”
HOW DO YOU TEST THIS? class Bar { ! public
function getBazById($id) ! { ! ! $this->db->query("SELECT * FROM baz WHERE id = :bazId"); ! ! $this->db->bind('bazId', $id); ! ! $results = $this->db->execute(); ! ! $bazList = array(); ! ! if (count($results) > 0) { ! ! ! foreach ($results as $result) { ! ! ! ! $bazList[] = $result; ! ! ! } ! ! } ! ! return $bazList; ! } }
HOW DO YOU TEST THIS? class BarTest extends PHPUnit_Framework_Testcase {
! public function testGetBazById() ! { ! ! $bazId = 666; ! ! $expectedResults= array(1, 2, 3, 4, 5); ! ! $mockDb = $this->getMockBuilder('\Grumpy\Db') ! ! ! ->disableOriginalConstructor() ! ! ! ->setMethods(array('query', 'execute', 'bind')) ! ! ! ->getMock(); ! ! $mockDb->expects($this->once()) ! ! ! ->method('query'); ! ! $mockDb->expects($this->once()) ! ! ! ->method('bind'); ! ! $mockDb->expects($this->once()) ! ! ! ->method('execute') ! ! ! ->will($this->returnValue($testResults)); ! ! $testBar = new Bar(); ! ! $testBar->setDb($mockDb); ! ! $testResults = $testBar->getBazById($bazId); ! ! $this->assertEquals( ! ! ! $expectedResults, ! ! ! $testResults, ! ! ! 'Did not get expected baz result set' ! ! ); ! } }
HOW DO YOU TEST THIS? “API calls should be done
via wrapper methods”
HOW DO YOU TEST THIS? <?php class HipsterApi { !
public function getBands() ! { ! ! return $this->_call('/api/bands', $this->_apiKey); ! } } class HipsterApiWrapper { ! public function __construct($hipsterApi) ! { ! ! $this->_hipsterApi = $hipsterApi; ! } ! public function getBands() ! { ! ! return $this->_hipsterApi->getBands(); ! } }
HOW DO WE TEST THIS? class HipsterApiTest extends PHPUnit_Framework_Testcase {
! public function testGetBands() ! { ! ! $hipsterApiData = "[{'id': 17, 'Anonymous'}, {'id': 93, 'HipStaar'}]"; ! ! $mockHipsterApi = $this->getMockBuilder('HipsterApi') ! ! ! ->disableOriginalConstructor() ! ! ! ->getMock(); ! ! $mockHipsterApi->expects($this->once()) ! ! ! ->with('getBands') ! ! ! ->will($this->returnValue($hipsterApiData)); ! ! $expectedData = json_decode($hipsterApiData); ! ! $hipsterApiWrapper = new HipsterApiWrapper($mockHipsterApi); ! ! $testData = $hipsterApiWrapper->getBands(); ! ! ! ! ! $this->assertEquals( ! ! ! $expectedData, ! ! ! $testData, ! ! ! 'Did not get expected getBands() result from HipsterApi' ! ! ); ! } }
ENVIRONMENTS “Your app shouldn’t care what environment it runs in.”
ENVIRONMENTS “Keep config files for each environment under version control”
https:/ /github.com/flogic/ whiskey_disk
WHAT NOT TO DO
WHAT NOT TO DO “Avoid the use of static method
calls”
WHAT NOT TO DO <?php class Presentation { public function
speak() { $rant = Grumpy::getOpinion(); } }
WHAT NOT TO DO 1. Get a Dependency Injection Container
2. Create a fake version of your object with the static call 3. use the container inside the test
WHAT NOT TO DO “Avoid creating new non-core objects unless
it’s a factory”
WHAT NOT TO DO <?php class Presentation { public function
convert($name) { $slides = new SlideDriver(); $slides->toPdf($name); } }
WHAT NOT TO DO 1. Learn dependency injection 2. Create
version of your object 3. Inject the dependency
WHAT NOT TO DO “Be careful with chaining methods”
WHAT NOT TO DO <?php class Presentation { public function
munge($frozbit) { $widgets = $frozbit ->what() ->is() ->this() ->i() ->dont() ->even(); } }
WHAT NOT TO DO 1. Reduce the number of chains
2. Reduce the amount of work
RESOURCES The Grumpy Programmer’s Guide to Building Testable PHP Applications
http:/ /grumpy-testing.com
RESOURCES The Grumpy Programmer’s PHPUnit Cookbook http:/ /grumpy-phpunit.com
RESOURCES The people sitting next to you
THANK YOU! @grmpyprogrammer http:/ /www.littlehart.net/atthekeyboard https:/ /joind.in/8233