Modern application through vision organizations and ubiquitous language

This talk reference a lot content from AWS Enterprise strategics team - Phil Lebrun's session in AWS re:Invent 2020. Kim combined his experience in software architecture and organization management opinions, mentioned the best way to achieve business goal is to well integrate vision, organizations and using ubiquitous language in problem domain.

Transcript

1. © 2021, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its affiliates. All rights reserved. © 2021, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cornerstone of Modern Application Development Kim Kao Senior Solutions Architect AWS
2. © 2021, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its affiliates. All rights reserved. “In today’s era of volatility, there is no other way but to reinvent. The only sustainable advantage you can have over others is agility. That’s it. Nothing else is sustainable; everything else you create, somebody else will replicate” Jeff P. Bezos Founder and CEO, Amazon.com, Inc.
3. © 2021, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Digital transformation is not a technology; it is a way of thinking and operating -- Drive business grows with modern application
4. © 2021, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its affiliates. All rights reserved. 70% of digital transformation efforts do not reach their goal !
5. © 2021, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
6. © 2021, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its affiliates. All rights reserved. “Those who do not learn history are doomed to repeat it” George Santayana Philosopher, essayist, poet, and novelist
7. © 2021, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its affiliates. All rights reserved. “Culture eats strategy for breakfast (and lunch and dinner)” Attributed to Peter Drucker Author and management consultant
8. © 2021, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its affiliates. All rights reserved. CXOs need a different execution model to survive customer expectations
9. © 2021, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its affiliates. All rights reserved. CXOs need a different execution model to survive customer expectations Mindset Skillset Toolset
10. © 2021, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Vision Clarity of vision Skillset Toolset Mindset CXOs need a different execution model to survive customer expectations
11. © 2021, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its affiliates. All rights reserved. To be Earth’s most customer-centric company Skillset Toolset Mindset CXOs need a different execution model to survive customer expectations
12. © 2021, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Change Banking for Good Skillset Toolset Mindset CXOs need a different execution model to survive customer expectations
13. © 2021, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Declare principles Skillset Toolset Mindset CXOs need a different execution model to survive customer expectations
14. © 2021, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its affiliates. All rights reserved. • Customer obsession • Ownership • Invent and simplify • Are right, a lot • Hire and develop the best • Insist on the highest standards • Think big • Bias for action • Frugality Culture • Learn and be curious • Earn trust of others • Dive deep • Have backbone; disagree and commit • Deliver results Skillset Toolset Mindset CXOs need a different execution model to survive customer expectations
15. © 2021, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its affiliates. All rights reserved. 1. Values are what we value 2. High performance 3. Freedom and responsibility 4. Context, not control 5. Highly aligned, loosely coupled 6. Pay top of market 7. Promotions and development Culture
16. © 2021, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Increase EBITDA Improve ROIIC by 3% ? ? ? ? ? 20,000 restaurants with mobile by year end Close 8 data centers by 2020 Outcome measures Skillset Toolset Mindset CXOs need a different execution model to survive customer expectations
17. © 2021, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Start End Requirements The false comfort of linear planning . . . Skillset Toolset Mindset CXOs need a different execution model to survive customer expectations
18. © 2021, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Outcome Start . . . or agilely experimenting and adapting against an outcome? Skillset Toolset Mindset CXOs need a different execution model to survive customer expectations Ubiquitous Language lead to the same understanding
19. © 2021, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its affiliates. All rights reserved. CEO Marketing Technology Finance Programmer Autonomy and speed of decision making Skillset Toolset Mindset CXOs need a different execution model to survive customer expectations Form up Ubiquitous Language through engagement in bounded context
20. © 2021, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its affiliates. All rights reserved. “ . . . the bureaucracies we encounter every day are, in fact, frustrating [and] soul- destroying. That’s because they aren’t lean, learning, and enabling, the three characteristics of good, not evil, bureaucracy.” Mark Schwartz AWS Enterprise Strategist and Author Former CIO of US Citizenship and Immigration Services
21. © 2021, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its affiliates. All rights reserved. CEO Marketing Technology Finance Programmer Autonomy and speed of decision making Skillset Toolset Mindset CXOs need a different execution model to survive customer expectations
22. © 2021, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its affiliates. All rights reserved. CEO Autonomy and speed of decision making Skillset Toolset Mindset CXOs need a different execution model to survive customer expectations
23. © 2021, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Bureaucracy Agility Implement guardrails Skillset Toolset Mindset CXOs need a different execution model to survive customer expectations
24. © 2021, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Bureaucracy Agility Organizational guardrails Your principles One- / two-way-door decisions Innovation mechanisms Planning process Key Performance Indicators / R&R Financial controls Single-threaded leader Implement guardrails Skillset Toolset Mindset CXOs need a different execution model to survive customer expectations
25. © 2021, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Bureaucracy Agility Organizational guardrails Your principles One- /two-way-door decisions Innovation mechanisms Planning process Key Performance Indicators / R&R Financial controls Single-threaded leader Technical guardrails APIs Services Balanced preventative and detective controls Run less software Implement guardrails Skillset Toolset Mindset CXOs need a different execution model to survive customer expectations
26. © 2021, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its affiliates. All rights reserved. CXOs need a different execution model to survive customer expectations Mindset Skillset Toolset Resistance is not futile
27. © 2021, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Acceptance Resignation Satisfaction - Energy - Satisfaction + Bargaining Anger Denial Shock Event Energy + https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/K%C3%BCbler-Ross_model Skillset Toolset Mindset CXOs need a different execution model to survive customer expectations
28. © 2021, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its affiliates. All rights reserved. “To motivate employees . . . [they need] Autonomy, Mastery, and Purpose” Daniel Pink Author, “Drive: The Surprising Truth About What Motivates Us”
29. © 2021, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Servant leadership Digital age IQ Skillset Toolset Mindset CXOs need a different execution model to survive customer expectations
30. © 2021, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its affiliates. All rights reserved. HiPPO Agile leader Directs Coaches Builds silos Builds communities Hires for today’s skills Hires for tomorrow’s needs and cultural fit Known for intellectual prowess Exhibits emotional intelligence Talks Listens Skillset Toolset Mindset CXOs need a different execution model to survive customer expectations
31. © 2021, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its affiliates. All rights reserved. CEO? CIO? An external event? Who is leading your transformation?
32. © 2021, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its affiliates. All rights reserved. © 2021, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Pace of Digitalization
33. © 2021, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its affiliates. All rights reserved. 1 Break up the work Monolith to microservices Invest in your workforce And put them closer to your customers 2 Automate your bureaucracy To start finishing 3 Build it in, don’t bolt it on Assume failure 4
34. © 2021, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Anti-patterns for solution delivery From To Premature optimization Shrink and refactor over time Work that starts and ends Continuously improving and refactoring Changes resulting in complexity Using change to intentionally simplify Contention and wait states Independent and autonomous Long delivery cycles Constant change and learning
35. © 2021, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Monolith vs. microservice Base complexity Productivity Monolith Microservice https://martinfowler.com/bliki/MicroservicePremium.html The sweet spot
36. © 2021, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Learn along the way The sweet spot Identify common data and functional areas and their relationships Boundaries Monitor usage and identify inequalities Usage Change Monitor rate of change over time and the elapsed time between changes
37. © 2021, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its affiliates. All rights reserved. © 2021, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Transformation approach
38. © 2021, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Monolith vs. microservice The sweet spot Base complexity Productivity Monolith Microservice https://martinfowler.com/bliki/MicroservicePremium.html The pivot point The decline of productivity
39. © 2021, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Patterns for decomposition Domain-driven design Event decoupling Strangler pattern
40. © 2021, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Events as decouplers Prepare order Prepare fries Cook fries 3 Package fries 7 Package order 10 Deliver order 11 Prepare burger Cook burger Package burger 9 Prepare drink +Top +Straw 5 Fill drink 4 Take order 1 Cook side 2 6 Cook side 1 2 +Cheese 8 TIME
41. © 2021, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Events as decouplers Order station Order delivered Subscriber | Order station Package order Deliver order Subscriber | Grill station Cheeseburger ordered Subscriber | Fries station Large fry ordered Subscriber | Drink station Lemonade ordered Event Burger ready Event Fries ready Event Drink ready Event Order placed Joe orders burger, fries and drink
42. © 2021, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Moving monolithic applications to microservices by gradually creating events and APIs for various components of the legacy application The strangler pattern https://martinfowler.com/bliki/StranglerFigApplication.html
43. © 2021, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Bounded contexts are used to simplify complex models and teams; multiple bounded contexts results in smaller, easier-to-manage components Domain-driven design Opportunity Pipeline Salesperson Product Customer Territory Sales context Ticket Defect Product version Product Customer Support context
44. © 2021, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Many possibilities to configure your car 1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4
45. © 2021, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Base complexity Productivity Monolith Microservice 1 2 3 4 https://martinfowler.com/bliki/MicroservicePremium.html The software was divided into small self-contained and independent ”microservices” 4 1 Initial development was fast and focused on the MVP 2 Over time high dependencies developed and the overall complexity increased 3 Development speed became slower and slower; minor changes led to large refactorings Complexity drives change
46. © 2021, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its affiliates. All rights reserved. • Understand the domain • Cut microservices Identify bounded context 1 • Business object model for each microservice • Learned from the details • Verified / reshaped decision from step 1 Identify business objects 2 • Each business object leads to one or more REST resources • Business object attributes became part of the JSON payload • Followed REST best practices Define API-first 3
47. © 2021, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Amazon Elastic Container Service AWS Batch Amazon CloudWatch AWS Lambda Triggers Triggers tasks to job queue Starts docker container to process batch task Retrieves data VPC Application Load Balancer Subnet A/B Amazon EC2 Subnet A/B AWS Elastic container Amazon RDS Subnet A/B
48. © 2021, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Vision Take away
49. © 2021, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Thank you! © 2021, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Senior Solutions Architect linkedin.com/in/kimkao twitter.com/YiKaiKao facebook.com/kimkao.solid Kim Kao