Testing Docker Images Security NoConName edition 2017

En esta conferencia se presentarán las mejores praćticas a nivel de revisiones de seguridad en las imágenes de docker. En primer lugar, se verá una descripción general del proceso de despliegue de una imagen en el repositorio oficial docker hub. En segundo lugar, se comentarán las principales superficies de ataque y las amenazas sobre dichas imágenes. Por último, se verá cómo se puede detectar vulnerabilidades en las imágenes con herramientas que permite automatizar éste proceso y otras técnicas de análisis de código junto con las mejores prácticas que explican cómo remediar estas vulnerabilidades. Se harán demos con herramientas Opensource y algunos casos de uso con python.

Transcript

1. WhoamI Testing Docker Images Security José Manuel Ortega Noviembre 2017
2. WhoamI @jmortegac jmortega.github.io about.me/jmortegac
3. WhoamI Introduction to docker security Security best practices 3. Tools for auditing docker host Tools for auditing docker images Demo
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6. WhoamI • Docker uses several mechanisms: ◦ Linux kernel namespaces ◦ Linux Control Groups (cgroups) ◦ The Docker daemon ◦ Linux capabilities (libcap) ◦ Linux security mechanisms like ◦ AppArmor,SELinux,Seccomp
7. WhoamI • Provides an isolated view of the system where processes cannot see other processes in other containers • Each container also gets its own network stack. • A container doesn’t get privileged access to the sockets or interfaces of another container.
8. WhoamI • Cgroups: kernel feature that limits and isolates the resource usage (CPU, memory, network) of a collection of processes. • Linux Capabilities: divides the privileges of root into distinct units and smaller groups of privileges
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19. WhoamI • We can verify the integrity of the image • Checksum validation when pulling image from docker hub • Pulling by digest to enforce consistent
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23. WhoamI • A capability is a unix action a user can perform • Goal is to restrict “capabilities” • Privileged process = all the capabilities! • Unprivileged process = check individual user capabilities • Example Capabilities: ◦ CAP_CHOWN ◦ CAP_SETUID ◦ CAP_NET_RAW ◦ CAP_SYS_ADMIN
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29. WhoamI Docker security is about limiting and controlling the attack surface on the kernel.
30. WhoamI Run filesystems as read-only so that attackers can not overwrite data or save malicious scripts to the image.
31. WhoamI • Do not run processes in a container as root to avoid root access from attackers. • Enable User-namespace (disabled by default.) • Run filesystems as read-only so that attackers can not overwrite data or save malicious scripts to file. • Cut down the kernel calls that a container can make to reduce the potential attack surface. • Limit the resources that a container can use (SELinux/AppArmor)
32. WhoamI • Set a specific user. • Don’t run your applications as root in containers.
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35. WhoamI • AppArmor is a Mandatory Access Control (MAC) system which is a kernel (LSM) enhancement to confine programs to a limited set of resources. AppArmor's security model is to bind access control attributes to programs rather than to users. • Security-Enhanced Linux (SELinux) is a Linux kernel security module that provides a mechanism for supporting access control security policies, including United States Department of Defense
36. WhoamI • Restricts system calls based on a policy • Block things like ◦ Kernel manipulation (init_module, finit_module, delete_module) ◦ Executing mount options ◦ Change permissions ◦ Change owner and groups
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42. WhoamI Auditing Docker Host
43. WhoamI • Auditing docker environment and containers • Open-source tool for running automated tests • Inspired by the CIS Docker 1.11 benchmark • Runs against containers currently running on same host • Checks for AppArmor, read-only volumes, etc... • https://github.com/docker/docker-bench-security
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45. WhoamI • The host configuration • The Docker daemon configuration • The Docker daemon configuration files • Container images and build files • Container runtime • Docker security operations
46. WhoamI • The Docker daemon configuration • [WARN] 2.1- Restrict network traffic between containers • [WARN] 4.1 - Create a user for the container • [WARN] * Running as root: • [WARN] 5.4 - Restrict Linux Kernel Capabilities within containers • [WARN] * Capabilities added: CapAdd=[audit_control] • [WARN] 5.13 - Mount container's root filesystem as readonly • [WARN] * Container running with root FS mounted R/W:
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50. WhoamI • https://github.com/CISOfy/lynis-docker • Lynis is a Linux, Mac and Unix security auditing and system hardening tool that includes a module to audit Dockerfiles. • lynis audit system • lynis audit dockerfile <file>
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55. WhoamI https://github.com/CISOfy/lynis/blob/master/include/helper_audit_dockerfile
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59. WhoamI Demo time
60. WhoamI Auditing Docker Images
61. WhoamI • You can scan your images for known vulnerabilities • Find known vulnerable binaries • Docker Security Scanning • OWASP Dependency checker • Anchore Cloud • Tenable.io Container Security • Dagda
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66. WhoamI https://hub.docker.com/r/deepfenceio/deepfence_depcheck/
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73. WhoamI https://github.com/eliasgranderubio/dagda
74. WhoamI Python 3 MongoDB PyMongo Requests Python-dateutil Joblib Docker-py Flask Flask-cors PyYAML
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79. WhoamI Docker Images for Malware Analysis
80. WhoamI Demo time
81. WhoamI Signing • Secure & sign your source Dependences • Pin & verify your dependencies Content Trust • Sign your artifacts with Docker Content Trust Privileges • Least Privilege configurations
82. WhoamI • https://docs.docker.com/engine/security • http://www.oreilly.com/webops-perf/free/files/docker-securit y.pdf • http://container-solutions.com/content/uploads/2015/06/15. 06.15_DockerCheatSheet_A2.pdf • Docker Content Trust https://docs.docker.com/engine/security/trust/content_trust • Docker Security Scanning https://docs.docker.com/docker-cloud/builds/image-scan https://blog.docker.com/2016/04/docker-security http://softwaretester.info/docker-audit
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84. WhoamI jmortega.github.io @jmortegac