Catholic Church History: First Thousand Years

Transcript

1. “Make disciples of all nations…teaching them to observe all that

   I have commanded you…
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5. Theosis: The Incarnation

6. The Church Continues His Visible Presence & Work The Great

   Commission: Christ authorizes the Church to hand on everything he gifted.

7. Missionary Age of the Apostles

8. Apostolic Life: Four Pillars of Christian Assemblies Acts 2:42-47: 1.

   Teaching of Apostles. CCC # 76 2. Breaking of Bread (daily v. 46). 3. Communal life (koinonia). 4. The Prayers.

9. Acts 4:32: “All the believers were one in heart and

   mind…” The Church is a family & hospital for sinners though. St. Paul and other leaders often had to give paternal & fraternal correction.
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11. Mother Churches 1.  Rome- Final court of appeal 2.  Alexandria

    3.  Antioch CCC #1200 -1206

12. Rabbi Gamaliel preaches tolerance: “…you will

13. Council of Jerusalem - 49 A.D.

14. Second Temple of Jerusalem Destroyed by Rome - 70 A.D.

    + = Sacrifice of the Mass: One act of worship Liturgy of the Word: OT  Sacrificial Judaism ends.  Liturgy of the Eucharist

15. Valerian 257-261 A.D. Nero (Burns Rome) 37-68 A.D. Trajan (Rescript)

    98-117 A.D. Diocletian 284-305 A.D. tries to destroy
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17. Choices:

18. •  Scripture written in Greek from 50’s-90’s when persecutions &

    travel begin; shared at Eucharistic liturgy. •  Not everything recorded about Jesus (Jn. 20:30-31; Jn. 21:25). •  Later Tradition names the authors.

19. End of Apostolic Era 95-100 A.D. •  90 - Third

    pope, Clement I, writes Corinthians a corrective encyclical (letter). •  St. John dies in 95-100? Close of public revelation. CCC # 66-67, 73. • Church stretches from Spain to India.
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21. Second Century: Apostolic Fathers Sustain the Faithful

22. Gnostics Spread Dualist View:

23. Third Century: Martyrs & Monks

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25. Edict of Milan Legalizes

26. Arian or Catholic Christianity?

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28. And of course, it’s several dozen memes now…

29. Council of Nicaea- 325 A.D.

30. Constantine & St. Helena

31. Council of Constantinople- 381 A.D. “With the Father & Son

    He is adored & glorified…” •  Creed affirms Holy Spirit is God & Christ

32. The Empire is “Baptized” •  381- Emperor Theodosius makes Catholicism

    the official religion. •  385- St. Ambrose clashes with him: “The Emperor is within the Church, not above it.” •  387- St. Ambrose baptizes St. Augustine. •  407- St. John Chrysostom of Constantinople is exiled by the Empress.

33. Compiling Stage of the Bible’s Table of Contents • 367- 397

    - Sts. Athanasius & Augustine, Councils of

34. The Council of Ephesus - 431 A.D.

35. Nestorianism Christ the Divine Person Jesus the Human Vessel Two

    Persons Two Natures

36. Council of Chalcedon- 451 A.D. •  Eutyches of Alexandria 

    Jesus’ humanity was absorbed by His divinity (Monophysitism). •  Church: Jesus  one person with two distinct, yet inseparable natures united without confusion. •  Oriental Orthodox schism (Copts, Armenian). •  Church further clarifies Christ’s natures
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39. The Church Brings Peace, Justice, & Order

40. # 1. Great Popes Shepherd the Church • 391- 461- St.

    Leo the Great protects civilians from Huns & Vandals; stands up for dignity & equality of the poor. • 447 – Leo dogmatically approves the use of the Filioque. CCC # 247. • 590- St. Gregory the Great is first monk-Pope whose writings & leadership shape the Middle Ages.

41. # 3. Monks Carry the Light of Christ

42. Missionaries of the West •  432- St. Patrick evangelizes Celts.

    •  521-597- St. Columban & Irish monks evangelize

43. Missionaries of the East • 301- St. Gregory the Illuminator converts

    Armenia. • St. Maron, 350-410, leaves Antioch for Lebanon. • 800‘s - Sts. Cyril & Methodius bring

44. Last Councils of the First Millennia • 700’s-900’s- Muslims, Magyars, and

    Vikings. • Franks lead the Reconquista of Spain against Moors. • 787- Nicea II condemns iconoclasm.
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46. New Holy Roman Empire

47. European Feudalism & Chivalry •  Seeds of feudalism and chivalry

48. 850 A.D. - Church & State Clash

49. Age of World Wide Renewal Begins • 910 - Abbey of

    Cluny begins major reform with St. Odo. St. Dunstan reforms English Church. • Pope St. Leo IX (1049-1054) forms College of Cardinals. • 1073-1085- St. Gregory VII excommunicates Emperor Henry IV of Germany. Henry fake repents at Canossa in 1077 & drives Pope to death in exile at the Castle of Salerno.

50. Also known for defending the

51. West- Roman Catholic East- Byzantine Catholic Unmarried priests (Lateran 1

    & II) Married priests Latin Greek/ Slavic Unleavened bread Leavened bread Filioque in Creed:

52. Great Schism of 1054 A.D. – CCC #838