) ) ) 用户测试中的 Think Aloud 方式 * Definition: In a thinking aloud test, you ask test participants to use the system while continuously thinking out loud — that is, simply the system while continuously thinking out loud — that is, simply verbalizing their thoughts as they move through the user interface. 欧美、南亚用户比较容易 东亚用户需要更多提示 也许可采用让用户当老师等变通方式 或改为任务完成后的 retrospective think- aloud protocol** aloud protocol** * Thinking Aloud: The #1 Usability Tool http://www.nngroup.com/articles/thinking-aloud-the-1-usability-tool/ ** Kuusela, H., & Paul, P. (2000). "A comparison of concurrent and retrospective verbal protocol analysis". American Journal of Psychology (University of Illinois Press) 113 (3): 387–404.
) ) ) 东方文化对全局关系、背景 的关注 “When shown complex, busy scenes, Asian- Americans and non- East = Relationships; West = Individualistic If you show people from the West a picture, they focus on a main or dominant foreground object, while people from East Asia pay more attention to context and background. East Asian Americans and non- Asian-Americans recruited different brain regions. The Asians showed more activity in areas that process figure-ground relations— holistic context—while the Americans showed more activity in regions that recognize objects.” background. East Asian people who grow up in the West show the Western pattern. more activity in regions that recognize objects.” How we see it: Culturally different eye movement patterns over visual scenes, Julie E. Boland, Hannah Faye Chua, & Richard E. Nisbett Sharon Begley: West Brain, East Brain
最终购买 的顾客 多种选择是吸引人注意非常 有效的方法 不要一次性给用户太多选择 ( 3,4 个以上) 可以考虑渐进式的展示方法 一旦给了用户选择就很难再 展示 6 件样品 展示 24 件样品 一旦给了用户选择就很难再 拿走 *When choice is demotivating: Can one desire too much of a good thing? SS Iyengar, MR Lepper - Journal of personality and social …, 2000 http://www.ted.com/talks/barry_schwartz_on_the_paradox_of_choice.html http://freakonomics.com/2009/12/02/is-the-paradox-of-choice-not-so-paradoxical-after-all/
user study User surveys Design guidelines Style guides Performance testing Data analysis 产品开发过程中(理论 上)推荐的具体用户研究 方法 Concept FBRD Specs Checklist Review Stakeholder meeting (Brainstorming) Interviews Paper prototyping Rapid prototyping Diagnostic evaluation Subjective assessment Competitor analysis Contextual inquiry Heuristic evaluation Cognitive walkthrough User surveys Data analysis Field study User observation Parallel design A/B testing Remote evaluation Secondary research Focus group Storyboarding Persona Wizard of Oz Evaluating existing system Interface design patterns Card sorting Affinity diagramming Scenarios of use (User diary) Task analysis ( from The Persona Lifecycle: Keeping People in Mind Throughout Product
guiding principles SC 3 Anthropometry and biomechanics SC 4 Ergonomics of human system interaction SC 5 Ergonomics of t he physical environment TC 159 Ergonomics WG 1 Fundamentals of controls and signalling methods (resting) WG 2 Visual Display Requirements Calle 乥 org WG 3 Control, workplace and environmental requirements WG 5 Software ergonomics and human computer dialogues Jan Gulliksen WG 6 Human centred design process for interactive systems Tomas Berns, Calle 乥 org WG 8 Ergonomic design of control centres WG5 (Software ergonomics and HC dialogues) Activities: ISO 9241 - Software ergonomics for office work with visual display terminals ISO 14073 - Multimedia user interface design ISO 16071 - Guidance on accessibility of human-computer interfaces interfaces WG6 (Human centred design process) Activities: ISO 13407 - Human centred design process of interactive systems ISO 16982 - Usability methods supporting human centred design ISO 18529 - Human centred lifecycle process descriptions (Usability maturity model)
海外买家(广交会买家等) 方法 方法 方法 方法 上门、展会 电话 在线讨论 Member: Mr. Zhou Company: Zhejiang Dale Garments Co., Ltd. Jane F. Ivanov President, Eve Alexander Maternity/Nursing Lingerie 在线讨论 Ltd. Maternity/Nursing Lingerie Location: USA Industry : Apparel Member since 2005
would you go to sign up for email notifications of the latest products? Task 3 of 4: How to find out the supplier's contact information? Task 4 of 4: How to check out more information about a product you are interested in? 把需要测试的交互化解成简单 的基本页面任务操作来测试或 的基本页面任务操作来测试或 验证设计方案: (可用在线测试工具 Chalkmark 或使用国际 站在线问卷系统和鼠标点击分布系统定制)
living in the metropolitan sprawl earning upscale incomes providing them with large homes and very comfortable and active lifestyles 人群收入:高 低 very comfortable and active lifestyles Affluent Suburbia Metro Fringe Aspiring Contemporaries Hitwise.com data
•Personas ensure 用户原型 用户原型 用户原型 用户原型 ( ( ( ( Persona ) ) ) ) •Personas ensure everyone is aiming at the same user •As design options are created, each one can be very rapidly tested by asking “Would Mohamed need this?” this?” “Would Alice understand how to use this?”
the better") refers to a "change for the better") refers to a philosophy or practices that focus upon continuous improvement of processes in manufacturing, engineering, supporting business processes, and management. It has been applied in healthcare, government, banking, and many other industries. When used in the business sense and applied to the workplace, http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kaizen sense and applied to the workplace, kaizen refers to activities that continually improve all functions, and involves all employees from the CEO to the assembly line workers.
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相关和因果关系 例:数据发现相关:荷尔蒙替代疗法 <-> 更低的心脏病 但实际上:荷尔蒙替代疗法会增加心脏病发病率 原因:荷尔蒙替代疗法(贵) <- 更高端人群 -> 更低的心脏病 日常分析的大数据有多大 · · 放弃对因果关系的渴求,取而代之关注相关关系。只要知道“是什么”,而不需要知道“为什么” 《大数据时代》译者周涛:放弃对因果关系的分析是人类的堕落 - - · Median job input sizes under 14 GB (at Microsoft and Yahoo) 90% of jobs on a Facebook cluster have input sizes under 100 GB. - - 11/12
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