Introduction to Date and Time API 2

Transcript

1. Introduction to
   Date and Time API II HASUNUMA Kenji GlassFish Community khasunuma@java.net Twitter: @khasunuma November 9, 2013 #ccc_r21
2. Time?
10. Representation of Date/Time
11. java.util.Date ANSI/ISO Cͷtime_tͱػೳతʹಉ౳
    ݱࡏ͸೔෇ɾ࣌ࠁͷදݱͷΈʹప͢Δ
    ˞java.sql.Date౳ͷαϒΫϥε java.util.Calendar JavaͷࠃࡍԽରԠ(JDK 1.1)Ͱಋೖ
    ೔෇ɾ࣌ࠁͷ࡞੒ɾฤूʹ༻͍Δ
    ˞GregorianCalendar౳ͷαϒΫϥε java.time.* (JSR 310) JDK8~ɺDate/Calendar୅ସ͕౰ॳͷ໨ඪ
    ೔෇ɾ࣌ࠁΛ૯߹తʹѻ͏ϑϨʔϜϫʔΫ
    ˞ن໛͸JDK8ͷ৽APIͰ΋࠷େڃ ˞ͦͷଞɺXML DOM APIͷXMLGregorianCalendar͕͋Δ
12. java.util.Dateͷ՝୊ w ϑΟʔϧυૢ࡞͕໘౗
    w ೥ϑΟʔϧυ+1900͕࣮ࡍͷ೥
    w ݄͕͔Β࢝·Δ
    (1݄ˠ0ʜ12݄ˠ11)
    w ϑΟʔϧυͷ௚઀ૢ࡞͕ඇਪ঑
    (CalendarΛ࢖͏)
    w ೔෇෦ͱ࣌ࠁ෦͕ࠞࡏ͍ͯ͠Δ
    w ೔෇ԋࢉ͕ශऑɺϑΥʔϚοτػೳ΋࢖͍উखʹ೉
    w +%,
    Ҏ߱ɺҰ෦ྫ֎Λআ͖ϝϯςφϯεͳ͠
13. java.util.Calendarͷ՝୊ w ϑΟʔϧυૢ࡞͕໘౗
    (DateΑΓ͸վળ)
    w ݄͕͔Β࢝·Δ
    ˠఆ਺Ͱ͓஡Λ୙͢
    w ϑΟʔϧυૢ࡞ͷ࢖͍উख͕ΠϚΠν
    w ೔෇ԋࢉ͕ශऑ
    ʜ
    ͦΕͰ΋DateΑΓ͸ଟগϚγ
    w ೔෇ɾ࣌ࠁܕͱͯ͠ೝࣝ͞Εͳ͍͜ͱ΋ଟ͍
 ྫ: DateFormat ˠ Dateͱͷ૬ޓม׵Λར༻
14. java.util.Calendarͷվળ +%,ΑΓCalendar.BuilderΛಋೖ
    ˠϝιουνΣʔϯ ߦ Ͱ೔෇ɾ࣌ࠁΛදͤΔ // 2013೥11݄9೔Λද͢Calendar (since JDK8) Calendar calendar = new Calendar.Builder() .setDate(2013, NOVEMBER, 9) .setField(HOUR_OF_DAY, 9) .build();
15. JSR 310
    Date and Time API
16. JSR 310 : Date and Time API wDateɺCalendarɺDateFormat౳Λஔ͖ ׵͑Δ͜ͱ͕໨త
    wISO 8601ܗࣜͷ೔෇ɾ࣌ࠁදݱ
    wImmutable͔ͭεϨουηʔϑͳAPI
    wઃܭࢥ૝͸Joda-Timeʹࠅࣅ
17. java.util.Date JSR 310 ΦϒδΣΫτ Mutable Immutable ਫ਼౓ ϛϦඵ φϊඵ ϑΟʔϧυૢ࡞ Calendarܦ༝ ௚઀αϙʔτ λΠϜκʔϯ αϙʔτ αϙʔτ toString໭Γ஋ Unixܗࣜ ISO 8601ܗࣜ ೔෇ͱ࣌ࠁͷ෼཭ ෆՄ Մೳ ೔෇ԋࢉ ൺֱͷΈ ༷ʑͳ೔෇ԋࢉ ؔ࿈Ϋϥε਺ ਺ݸ ͨ͘͞Μ
18. JSR 310ͷϝϦοτ
    w݄1ʙ12
    Date, Calendar͸0ʙ11
    wtoStringͰISO 8601ܗࣜΛฦ͢
    w೔෇ͱ࣌ࠁΛ෼཭͢Δ͜ͱ͕Ͱ͖Δ
    wଟ༷ͳ೔෇ԋࢉػೳΛ࣋ͭ
    wεϨουηʔϑͰ͋Δ
19. JSR 310ͷσϝϦοτ
    wJDK8 APIͷதͰ΋࠷େن໛(=ෳࡶ)
    wطଘAPIͱͷ૬ޓӡ༻ੑ͸Ψϯແࢹ
    w Dateͱͷ૬ޓม׵͸ൺֱత࠷ۙʹ࣮ݱ
    wࠓޙͷల։͕ෆ໌ྎ
    w JPA΍JAXB΁ͷల։͸ݕ౼த
    w গͳ͘ͱ΋JavaFX 8ʹ͸ؒʹ߹Θͣ
20. ࢀߟ: ISO 8601ܗࣜ w ೔෇
    yyyy-MM-dd • 2013-11-09 w ࣌ࠁ
    hh:mm:ss.SSSZ
    • 04:05:00.000Z w ೔࣌
    yyyy-MM-dd’T’HH:mm:ss.SSSZ
    • 2013-11-09T04:05:00.000Z
21. JSR 310 Essentials
22. Ϛγϯ޲͚ͷදݱ ಺෦දݱ
    • Instant • Duration • Clock ਓؒ޲͚ͷදݱ ֎෦දݱ
    • DateTime • Period • Chronology
23. Ϛγϯ޲͚ͷදݱ(಺෦දݱ)
24. ਓؒ޲͚ͷදݱ(֎෦දݱ)
25. DateTime : ೔෇ɾ࣌ࠁ • TemporalAccessor౳ͷ࣮૷ • ݱࡏ೔࣌·ͨ͸೚ҙͷ೔͔࣌Βੜ੒
    • DateTimeͷԋࢉ(plus/minus)͓Αͼଞ ͷDateTime͔Βͷม׵Λαϙʔτ
    • InstantʹରԠ͢Δਓؒ޲͚දݱ
26. ओͳDateTimeͷ࣮૷
    • LocalDate, LocalTime, LocalDateTime • OffsetTime, OffsetDateTime • ZonedDateTime • ෆ଍৘ใͷ௥Ճ·ͨ͸༨৒৘ใͷ੾Γ ࣺͯʹΑΓ૬ޓʹม׵Մ
27. %BUF 5JNF %BUF5JNF -PDBM ೥݄೔
    ! ࣌ࠩ৘ใͳ͠ ! ࣌෼ඵະຬ
    ࣌ࠩ৘ใͳ͠ ೥݄೔
    ࣌෼ඵະຬ
    ࣌ࠩ৘ใͳ͠ 0⒎TFU /" ! ࣌෼ඵະຬ
    65$͔Βͷ࣌ࠩ ೥݄೔
    ࣌෼ඵະຬ
    65$͔Βͷ࣌ࠩ ;POFE /" /" ೥݄೔
    ࣌෼ඵະຬ
    λΠϜκʔϯ
28. OffsetDateTime vs. ZonedDateTime w OffsetDateTime
    
    UTC͔Βͷ࣌ࠩͷΈߟྀ
    w ZonedDateTime
    
    λΠϜκʔϯΛߟྀ
    ˞λΠϜκʔϯ
    㱠
    UTC͔Βͷ࣌ࠩ
    λΠϜκʔϯ͸ҎԼ΋ߟྀ͍ͯ͠Δ
    w Ն࣌ؒ ถࠃ΍੢ԤͰଟ͘ಋೖ
    w ࣌ࠩͷվగ ͘͝كʹൃੜ
29. Chronology : ྐྵ
    ΠϯλϑΣʔε Chronology ྐྵͦͷ΋ͷΛද͠ɺ֤छม׵ ϝιουΛఏڙ ChronoLocalDate ྐྵͷ৘ใΛؚΉLocalDate ChronoLocalDateTime
 <D extends ChronoLocalDate> ChronoLocalDateʹ
 ࣌ࠁΛ෇Ճ ChronoZonedDateTime
 <D extends ChronoLocalDate> ChronoLocalDateʹ
 ࣌ࠁͱλΠϜκʔϯΛ෇Ճ Era ྐྵͷلݩ ։࢝೥ Λද͢
    ˞࿨ྐྵ͸։࢝ɾऴྃ೥݄೔
30. Chronologyͷ࣮૷Ϋϥε IsoChronology/-Era LocalDate ISO 8601 ඪ४ JapaneseChronology/-Era JapaneseDate ࿨ྐྵ ೔ຊ ThaiBuddistChronology/-Era ThaiBuddistDate ෹ྐྵ λΠ MinguoChronology/-Era MinguoDate ຽࠃلݩ ୆࿷ HijirahChronology/-Era HijirahDate ΠεϥϜྐྵ
31. ೔෇ɾ࣌ࠁԋࢉ w DateTimeɺPeriodɺInstantɺDuration͸ͦΕࣗ਎͕ Ճࢉɾݮࢉɾൺֱɾ൑ఆɾม׵ϝιουΛ࣋ͭ
    w OpenJDK߹ྲྀҎલͱൺֱͯ͠ػೳ͸େ෯ʹ࡟ݮ͞ Εͨ΋ͷͷɺґવͱͯ͠Date/CalendarΑΓڧྗ
    w ࡢ೥ಉ࣌ظͱൺֱͯ͠ɺChronologyͷ࢖͍উख͸޲ ্ͨ͠໛༷
    ΠϯλϑΣʔεͷdefaultϝιουཚ༻ͱ͍͏ѱ͖͠લྫΛ࡞͕ͬͨʜ
    w ImmutableͷͨΊɺԋࢉ݁Ռ͕΋ͱͷΦϒδΣΫτ ʹӨڹ͠ͳ͍ͷ΋େ͖ͳϝϦοτ
32. ೔෇ɾ࣌ࠁͷߏ੒ཁૉ Year ʮ೥ʯΛද͢Ϋϥε
    ˞Ճݮࢉɾ൑ఆɾ֤छม׵ϝιου Month ʮ݄ʯΛද͢ྻڍܕɺ݄຤೔෇΋อ࣋
    ˞Ճݮࢉɾ֤छม׵ϝιου YearMonth ʮ೥݄ʯΛද͢Ϋϥε
    ˞Ճݮࢉɾ൑ఆɾ֤छ൑ఆϝιου MonthDay ʮ݄೔ʯΛද͢Ϋϥε
    ˞ʮ೥ʯΛՃ͑Ε͹-PDBM%BUF΁ DayOfWeek ʮ༵೔ʯΛද͢ྻڍܕ
    ˞%BUF5JNF͔Βͷ༵೔औಘ΋Մ
33. JSR 310ͷϑΥʔϚοτػೳ w LocalDate౳ͷtoStringϝιου͸ɺISO 8601ܗࣜ ͰϑΥʔϚοτͨ͠΋ͷΛฦ͢
    w ඪ४Ҏ֎ͷϑΥʔϚοτˠDateTimeFormatter
 ˞DateTimeFormatterʹ͸࢖༻ස౓ͷߴ͍ϑΥʔϚοτ͕ఆٛࡁΈ
    w ϑΥʔϚοτΛ৽͘͠࡞੒͢Δ৔߹͸ɺ DateTimeFomatterBuilderͷ࢖༻Λਪ঑
 ˞ࠃ಺Ͱ͸yyyy/MM/ddܗ͕ࣜීٴ͍ͯ͠ΔͨΊɺԤถͱൺֱͯ͠ DateTimeFormatterBuilderͷ࢖༻ස౓͸ߴ͍ͱࢥΘΕΔ
    w java.text.DateFormat͸JSR 310Ͱ͸࢖༻Ͱ͖ͳ͍
 ˞ٯʹDateTimeFormatter͸java.text.DateFormatʹม׵Մೳ
34. Interoperability
35. JSR 310㱻Date/Calendarม׵ ॏཁ : JSR 310͸Date/Calendarͱͷ௚઀ม׵Λ αϙʔτ͠ͳ͍ • Date͸InstantΛհͯ͠JSR 310ͱ૬ޓม׵͕Մೳ
 ۩ମతʹ͸Date.from() / Date.toInstant()Λ༻͍Δ • Calendar͸Calendar.toInstant()ͰInstantʹม׵Մೳɺ ͨͩͦ͠ͷٯ͸Ͱ͖ͳ͍
    • Instant.toEpochMilli() / Instant.ofEpochMilli() Ͱ InstantΛlong஋ʹม׵͢Δํ๏΋͋Γ
36. ThreeTen backport w JSR 310͔ΒJDK8ґଘͷ෦෼ΛऔΓআ͖ɺJDK7Ͱ ར༻Մೳʹͨ͠ɺJSR 310ϥΠΫͳϥΠϒϥϦ
    
 ύοέʔδ໊͸java.timeͰ͸ͳ͘org.threeten.bp
    w Java SE 8ϦϦʔεલʹJSR 310Λ༧श͢ΔͨΊͷ ڭࡐͱͯ͠࠷ద
    w Apache License 2.0ͷOSSͱͯ͠഑෍
 https://github.com/ThreeTen/threetenbp
37. Examples
38. // ࠓ೔ͷ೔෇Λऔಘˠdate LocalDate date = LocalDate.now();
39. // 2013೥11݄9೔ˠdate
    LocalDate date = 
 LocalDate.of(2013, 11, 9);
40. // ࠓ೔ͷ೔෇ˠd1
    // ೔ޙͷ೔෇ˠd2 LocalDate d1 = LocalDate.now(); LocalDate d2 = d1.plusDays(3);
41. // ࠓ೔ͷ೔෇ˠdate
    // ࠓ೔ͷ࣌෼ˠdateTime
    LocalDate date = LocalDate.now(); LocalDateTime dateTime = 
 date.atTime(13, 40);
42. // ࠓ೔ͷ೔࣌ˠdateTime
    // ࠓ೔ͷ೔෇ˠdate
    LocalDateTime dateTime = 
 LocalDateTime.now(); LocalDate date =
 LocalDate.from(dateTime);
43. // date: 1992೥10݄8೔
    ͏Δ͏೥
    // ˠ leap = true
    LocalDate date = LocalDate.of(1992, 10, 8); boolean leap = date.isLeapYear();
44. // ࠓ೔ͷ೔෇ˠdate
    // EBUFΛඪ४ग़ྗ΁
    LocalDate date = LocalDate.now(); System.out.println(date.toString()); 2013-11-09 ग़ྗ݁Ռ
45. // ࠓ೔ͷ೔෇ ࿨ྐྵ ˠjdate
    // ThreeTen BackportͰ΋݁Ռࣗମ͸ಉ͡
    JapaneseDate jdate =
 JapaneseDate.now(); System.out.println(jdate.toString); H25-11-09 ग़ྗ݁Ռ
46. Ԡ༻ : JSR 310ΛJAXBʹରԠͤͯ͞ΈΔ public class LocalDateXmlAdapter extends! XmlAdapter<XMLGregorianCalendar, LocalDate> {! ! @Override! public LocalDate unmarshal(XMLGregorianCalendar value) throws Exception {! int timezone = value.getTimezone();! ZoneOffset offset = ZoneOffset.ofTotalSeconds(timezone * 60);! return OffsetDateTime.of(value.getYear(), value.getMonth(),! value.getDay(), 0, 0, 0, 0, offset).toLocalDate();! }! ! @Override! public XMLGregorianCalendar marshal(LocalDate value) throws Exception {! ZoneOffset offset = OffsetDateTime.now().getOffset();! int timezone = offset.getTotalSeconds() / 60;! return DatatypeFactory.newInstance().newXMLGregorianCalendarDate(! value.getYear(), value.getMonthValue(), value.getDayOfMonth(),! timezone);! }! ! }
47. Conclusion
48. JSR 310ͱ͸Կͳͷ͔ wJSR 310͸java.util.Dateͷܽ఺Λ͢΂ͯ ղܾ͠Α͏ͱ͢Δ໺৺తࢼΈ
    wաڈͱͷޓ׵ੑΛஅͪ੾Δ͜ͱͰɺ೔ ෇ɾ࣌ࠁAPIͷཧ૝Λ௥ٻͨ͠
    wਖ਼௚΍Γա͗ײ΋൱Ίͳ͍͕ɺطଘAPI ͷ໰୊఺ͷଟ͘Λղܾͨ͠఺͸ධՁ
49. Date/Calendarͷࠓޙ͸ • JSR 310͕ਁಁ͢Δ·Ͱɺ౰෼ͷؒ͸ͦ ͷҐஔ͚ͮʹมԽ͸ͳ͍͸ͣɻ
    • Calendar.Builder͸Ԇ໋ાஔ͕ͩɺ୹ظ తʹ͸ޮՌେɻ
    • ೔෇ͷૢ࡞Ͱ͸JSR 310ʹԕ͘ٴ͹ͳ ͍ͨΊɺ௕ظతʹ͸ϑΣʔυΞ΢τ
50. JDK8࣌୅ͷ೔෇ɾ࣌ࠁදݱ w ͓޷͖ͳAPIΛͲ͏ͧɻ
    w Date/CalendarͱJSR 310ͷ૬ޓม׵ʹ͍ͭ ͯ͸ૣ͍͏ͪʹ४උ͢Δͷ͕ϕλʔɻ
    w ౰ॳ͔ΒJSR 310ͷ࢖͑ΔՕॴ͸ɺۀ຿ϩ δοΫͷ೔෇ॲཧɺJAXB͓ΑͼͦΕʹґଘ ͢ΔJAX-RS/JAX-WSɻ
51. Introduction to Date and Time API II
    HASUNUMA Kenji
    khasunuma@java.net Twitter: @khasunuma