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フィンテック 2018夏 第7-8回「分散レッジャーと新たなアプリケーション基盤」 / Distributed Ledgers and New Foundations for Applications

フィンテック 2018夏 第7-8回「分散レッジャーと新たなアプリケーション基盤」 / Distributed Ledgers and New Foundations for Applications

2018年7月2日(月)、早稲田大学 大学院経営管理研究科の授業「フィンテック ─ 金融革新とインターネット」第7-8回で使用したスライドです。

Kenji Saito
PRO

July 02, 2018
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  1. 7-8
    — 2018
    ( )
    [email protected]
    — 2018 7-8 — 2018-07-02 – p.1/84

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  2. ( )
    1 6 11 (1) •
    2 6 11 (2) •
    3 6 18 (1) •
    4 6 18 (2) •
    5 6 25 (1) •
    6 6 25 (2) •
    7 7 2 (1) •
    8 7 2 (2) •
    9 7 9 (2018 APSIG : Asia Pacific School on Internet Governance)
    10 7 9 (2018 APSIG)
    11 7 16 (1)
    12 7 16 (2)
    13 7 23 (1)
    14 7 23 (2)
    15 7 30 (1)
    16 7 30 (2)
    — 2018 7-8 — 2018-07-02 – p.2/84

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  3. ( ) ( )
    DASF /
    — 2018 7-8 — 2018-07-02 – p.3/84

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  4. DASF /
    7 19 ( )
    https://dasf.global
    P2P OS
    (3D )
    — 2018 7-8 — 2018-07-02 – p.4/84

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  5. 2018
    SFC ( )
    1 : 8 4 ( )∼8 ( ) [4 5 ]
    2 : 8 20 ( )∼24 ( ) [4 5 ]
    5,000 ( )
    ( )
    / /
    https://academy-camp.org/2018/06/12/acamp2018s-staff-cfp/
    — 2018 7-8 — 2018-07-02 – p.5/84

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  6. 1.
    2.
    3.
    4.
    5.
    6. :
    7.
    — 2018 7-8 — 2018-07-02 – p.6/84

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  7. 1.
    — 2018 7-8 — 2018-07-02 – p.7/84

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  8. 3.
    2018 6 30 ( ) 17:59 JST
    Course N@vi
    — 2018 7-8 — 2018-07-02 – p.8/84

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  9. 24 21
    , , , , ,
    , , , , ,
    , , , ,
    SF
    . . .
    — 2018 7-8 — 2018-07-02 – p.9/84

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  10. I
    1 :
    2 :

    . . .
    — 2018 7-8 — 2018-07-02 – p.10/84

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  11. K

    . . .
    — 2018 7-8 — 2018-07-02 – p.11/84

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  12. Y
    . . .

    . . .
    — 2018 7-8 — 2018-07-02 – p.12/84

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  13. S
    AI IoT
    AI IoT
    AI
    ( )

    . . .
    — 2018 7-8 — 2018-07-02 – p.13/84

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  14. U
    3D
    3D
    VR AI
    VR
    VR
    VR
    ⇒ SF
    — 2018 7-8 — 2018-07-02 – p.14/84

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  15. M
    10m

    SF ( )
    — 2018 7-8 — 2018-07-02 – p.15/84

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  16. M
    2000
    MR
    1DK
    1 1

    — 2018 7-8 — 2018-07-02 – p.16/84

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  17. 2.
    — 2018 7-8 — 2018-07-02 – p.17/84

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  18. 3
    1. ( : UTXO )
    ⇒ ( )
    2. ( : )

    3. ( : )
    TX ⇒
    2 3
    — 2018 7-8 — 2018-07-02 – p.18/84

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  19. Ethereum ( )
    ( )
    ⇒ (Casper)
    ( )
    ⇒ ZoE (Zcash on Ethereum)
    ( vs. )
    ( )
    ⇒ Plasma
    ( )
    ⇒ ( ) (Benevolent Dictator For Life (BDFL))
    ( )

    — 2018 7-8 — 2018-07-02 – p.19/84

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  20. BBc-1 ( )
    ( )

    ( )

    ( vs. )
    ( )
    ⇒ DHT
    ( )
    ⇒ ( )
    ( )

    — 2018 7-8 — 2018-07-02 – p.20/84

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  21. 3.
    — 2018 7-8 — 2018-07-02 – p.21/84

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  22. ( )
    (by ) (since 1984) ( ) ( )
    ( )
    . . .
    ( )
    ⇒ . . .
    — 2018 7-8 — 2018-07-02 – p.22/84

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  23. ( )
    ( ) ( ) ( ) ( )
    (by )
    — 2018 7-8 — 2018-07-02 – p.23/84

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  24. Q. ( )
    ( = / = )

    — 2018 7-8 — 2018-07-02 – p.24/84

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  25. ( )
    ( ) ( )
    — 2018 7-8 — 2018-07-02 – p.25/84

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  26. ( )
    ( )
    /
    /
    — 2018 7-8 — 2018-07-02 – p.26/84

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  27. — ( )
    1. ( )
    2. ( )
    3. ( )
    — 2018 7-8 — 2018-07-02 – p.27/84

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  28. ( )
    ( )
    — 2018 7-8 — 2018-07-02 – p.28/84

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  29. 4.
    — 2018 7-8 — 2018-07-02 – p.29/84

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  30. — 2018 7-8 — 2018-07-02 – p.30/84

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  31. — 2018 7-8 — 2018-07-02 – p.31/84

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  32. . . .
    — 2018 7-8 — 2018-07-02 – p.32/84

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  33. vs.
    — 2018 7-8 — 2018-07-02 – p.33/84

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  34. 1.
    ⇒ ( )

    2.


    3.

    — 2018 7-8 — 2018-07-02 – p.34/84

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  35. (by )
    1.
    2.
    ( ) ( )
    . . .
    cf. by McLuhan
    cf. by McLuhan
    — 2018 7-8 — 2018-07-02 – p.35/84

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  36. :

    — 2018 7-8 — 2018-07-02 – p.36/84

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  37. :

    — 2018 7-8 — 2018-07-02 – p.37/84

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  38. (Ethereum) ( )
    EVM (Ethereum Virtual Machine)
    — 2018 7-8 — 2018-07-02 – p.38/84

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  39. Vitalik Buterin, “Ethereum White Paper: A NEXT GENERATION SMART
    CONTRACT & DECENTRALIZED APPLICATION PLATFORM”
    15
    — 2018 7-8 — 2018-07-02 – p.39/84

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  40. = run
    — 2018 7-8 — 2018-07-02 – p.40/84

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  41. Ether
    Ethereum
    EOA : Externally-Owned Account
    Ether EVM
    EVM
    — 2018 7-8 — 2018-07-02 – p.41/84

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  42. EVM : Ethereum Virtual Machine
    Gas
    — 2018 7-8 — 2018-07-02 – p.42/84

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  43. — 2018 7-8 — 2018-07-02 – p.43/84

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  44. EVM
    :
    . . .
    :
    Solidity — JavaScript
    LLL — Lisp
    — 2018 7-8 — 2018-07-02 – p.44/84

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  45. Solidity ( )
    pragma solidity ˆ0.4.8;
    contract IndivisibleAsset { /* */
    string public _name;
    string public _symbol;
    uint256 public _quantity;
    address public _owner;
    function IndivisibleAsset(string name, string symbol, uint256 quantity) {
    _name = name;
    _symbol = symbol;
    _quantity = quantity;
    _owner = msg.sender;
    }
    function transfer(address to) {
    if (_owner != msg.sender) {
    throw;
    }
    _owner = to;
    }
    }
    — 2018 7-8 — 2018-07-02 – p.45/84

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  46. Solidity
    JavaScript
    ( , )
    (constructor)
    ( )
    ( )
    Ether
    — 2018 7-8 — 2018-07-02 – p.46/84

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  47. · ex.
    · ex.
    — 2018 7-8 — 2018-07-02 – p.47/84

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  48. ADEPT
    — 2018 7-8 — 2018-07-02 – p.48/84

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  49. ADEPT
    ADEPT : IBM IoT


    — 2018 7-8 — 2018-07-02 – p.49/84

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  50. — 2018 7-8 — 2018-07-02 – p.50/84

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  51. — 2018 7-8 — 2018-07-02 – p.51/84

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  52. The DAO ( )
    The DAO
    Split ( ) 360 ETH (50∼60 ) (2016/6/17)
    ( )
    ( ; )
    (2016/7/20 )
    — 2018 7-8 — 2018-07-02 – p.52/84

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  53. — 2018 7-8 — 2018-07-02 – p.53/84

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  54. ERC20
    ERC (Ethereum Request for Comment) 20
    https://github.com/ethereum/EIPs/blob/master/EIPS/eip-20.md
    contract ERC20 {
    function totalSupply() constant returns (uint totalSupply);
    function balanceOf(address _owner) constant returns (uint balance);
    function transfer(address _to, uint _value) returns (bool success);
    function transferFrom(address _from, address _to, uint _value) returns (bool success);
    function approve(address _spender, uint _value) returns (bool success);
    function allowance(address _owner, address _spender) constant returns (uint remaining);
    event Transfer(address indexed _from, address indexed _to, uint _value);
    event Approval(address indexed _owner, address indexed _spender, uint _value);
    }
    name/ , symbol/ , decimals/
    approve allowance
    ERC223 ( ), ERC721 (Non-Fungible)
    — 2018 7-8 — 2018-07-02 – p.54/84

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  55. 5.
    (Fabric, Sawtooth, Iroha)
    R3 Corda
    Tangle (IOTA)
    BBc-1
    — 2018 7-8 — 2018-07-02 – p.55/84

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  56. (Linux Foundation)
    https://www.hyperledger.org
    Apache License, Version 2.0
    — 2018 7-8 — 2018-07-02 – p.56/84

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  57. /
    :
    Proposal → Incubation → Active → Deprecated → End of Life
    — 2018 7-8 — 2018-07-02 – p.57/84

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  58. ( https://www.hyperledger.org/about/members )
    — 2018 7-8 — 2018-07-02 – p.58/84

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  59. Fabric (IBM)
    IBM Digital Asset Holdings
    http://hyperledger-fabric.readthedocs.io/en/latest/
    State : Active
    — 2018 7-8 — 2018-07-02 – p.59/84

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  60. ( )
    ( )
    — 2018 7-8 — 2018-07-02 – p.60/84

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  61. Fabric –
    (Docker) (chaincode)
    PBFT (Practical BFT) ( )
    RocksDB CA PKI
    v1.0 DB CA
    BFT : Byzantine Fault Tolerance ( )
    CA : Certificate Authority ( )
    PKI : Public Key Infrastructure ( )
    — 2018 7-8 — 2018-07-02 – p.61/84

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  62. Sawtooth (Intel)
    https://github.com/hyperledger/sawtooth-core
    State : Active
    — 2018 7-8 — 2018-07-02 – p.62/84

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  63. ( )
    (permissioned) (permissionless)
    Proof of Elapsed Time (PoET)
    Proof of Work ( )
    (Intel )
    /
    Transaction Families
    — 2018 7-8 — 2018-07-02 – p.63/84

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  64. Sawtooth –
    (transaction families)
    (PoET )
    PoET ( )
    (transaction families)
    — 2018 7-8 — 2018-07-02 – p.64/84

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  65. Iroha ( )
    https://github.com/hyperledger/iroha
    State : Active
    — 2018 7-8 — 2018-07-02 – p.65/84

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  66. ( )
    DLT
    :
    C++
    Sumeragi
    Whitepaper : https://github.com/hyperledger/iroha/blob/master/docs/iroha_whitepaper.md
    — 2018 7-8 — 2018-07-02 – p.66/84

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  67. Iroha –
    JVM (chaincode)
    Sumeragi (BFT) → YAC?
    JVM : Java Virtual Machine (Java )
    — 2018 7-8 — 2018-07-02 – p.67/84

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  68. Corda (R3), Tangle (IOTA), BBc-1 ( )
    — 2018 7-8 — 2018-07-02 – p.68/84

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  69. Corda (R3)
    R3
    https://github.com/corda/corda
    — 2018 7-8 — 2018-07-02 – p.69/84

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  70. R3
    R3CEV
    77 (2017 2 )
    3 SBI
    R3Net( )
    Corda
    — 2018 7-8 — 2018-07-02 – p.70/84

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  71. Corda
    Corda :
    :
    — 2018 7-8 — 2018-07-02 – p.71/84

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  72. ( )
    +
    CAP
    ( DLT )
    — 2018 7-8 — 2018-07-02 – p.72/84

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  73. Corda –
    JVM
    ( )
    (Uniqueness Services)
    UTXO X.509 PKI
    ( )
    X.509 : PKI
    — 2018 7-8 — 2018-07-02 – p.73/84

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  74. Tangle (IOTA)
    IoT IOTA
    https://iota.readme.io
    — 2018 7-8 — 2018-07-02 – p.74/84

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  75. IoT
    TX TX (DAG)
    ( DAG )
    TX
    Tangle
    — 2018 7-8 — 2018-07-02 – p.75/84

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  76. Tangle –
    IoT (IOTA)
    DAG ( )
    DAG
    — 2018 7-8 — 2018-07-02 – p.76/84

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  77. BBc-1 (Beyond Blockchain One)
    https://github.com/beyond-blockchain
    https://beyond-blockchain.org
    — 2018 7-8 — 2018-07-02 – p.77/84

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  78. Proof of Work
    Bitcoin ( )
    BBc Trust ( )
    https://beyond-blockchain.org/public/bbc-trust.pdf ( )
    https://beyond-blockchain.org/public/bbc-trust_ja.pdf ( )
    Design Paper (white paper)
    https://beyond-blockchain.org/public/bbc1-design-paper.pdf
    — 2018 7-8 — 2018-07-02 – p.78/84

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  79. BBc-1
    — 2018 7-8 — 2018-07-02 – p.79/84

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  80. BBc-1 –
    ( Python)
    ( DAG)
    ( )
    UTXO/Relation
    — 2018 7-8 — 2018-07-02 – p.80/84

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  81. 6. :
    ( )
    — 2018 7-8 — 2018-07-02 – p.81/84

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  82. 7.
    — 2018 7-8 — 2018-07-02 – p.82/84

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  83. 4.
    2018 7 14 ( ) 17:59 JST
    Course N@vi
    — 2018 7-8 — 2018-07-02 – p.83/84

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  84. — 2018 7-8 — 2018-07-02 – p.84/84

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