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フィンテック 2018夏 第7-8回「分散レッジャーと新たなアプリケーション基盤」 / Dis...
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Kenji Saito
PRO
July 02, 2018
Technology
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90
フィンテック 2018夏 第7-8回「分散レッジャーと新たなアプリケーション基盤」 / Distributed Ledgers and New Foundations for Applications
2018年7月2日(月)、早稲田大学 大学院経営管理研究科の授業「フィンテック ─ 金融革新とインターネット」第7-8回で使用したスライドです。
Kenji Saito
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July 02, 2018
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Transcript
— 7-8 — 2018 ( )
[email protected]
— 2018 7-8
— 2018-07-02 – p.1/84
( ) 1 6 11 (1) • 2 6 11
(2) • 3 6 18 (1) • 4 6 18 (2) • 5 6 25 (1) • 6 6 25 (2) • 7 7 2 (1) • 8 7 2 (2) • 9 7 9 (2018 APSIG : Asia Pacific School on Internet Governance) 10 7 9 (2018 APSIG) 11 7 16 (1) 12 7 16 (2) 13 7 23 (1) 14 7 23 (2) 15 7 30 (1) 16 7 30 (2) — 2018 7-8 — 2018-07-02 – p.2/84
( ) ( ) DASF / — 2018 7-8 —
2018-07-02 – p.3/84
DASF / 7 19 ( ) https://dasf.global P2P OS (3D
) — 2018 7-8 — 2018-07-02 – p.4/84
2018 SFC ( ) 1 : 8 4 ( )∼8
( ) [4 5 ] 2 : 8 20 ( )∼24 ( ) [4 5 ] 5,000 ( ) ( ) / / https://academy-camp.org/2018/06/12/acamp2018s-staff-cfp/ — 2018 7-8 — 2018-07-02 – p.5/84
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. : 7. — 2018
7-8 — 2018-07-02 – p.6/84
1. — 2018 7-8 — 2018-07-02 – p.7/84
3. 2018 6 30 ( ) 17:59 JST Course N@vi
— 2018 7-8 — 2018-07-02 – p.8/84
24 21 , , , , , , , ,
, , , , , , SF . . . — 2018 7-8 — 2018-07-02 – p.9/84
I 1 : 2 : ⇒ . . . —
2018 7-8 — 2018-07-02 – p.10/84
K ⇒ . . . — 2018 7-8 — 2018-07-02
– p.11/84
Y . . . ⇒ . . . — 2018
7-8 — 2018-07-02 – p.12/84
S AI IoT AI IoT AI ( ) ⇒ .
. . — 2018 7-8 — 2018-07-02 – p.13/84
U 3D 3D VR AI VR VR VR ⇒ SF
— 2018 7-8 — 2018-07-02 – p.14/84
M 10m ⇒ SF ( ) — 2018 7-8 —
2018-07-02 – p.15/84
M 2000 MR 1DK 1 1 ⇒ — 2018 7-8
— 2018-07-02 – p.16/84
2. — 2018 7-8 — 2018-07-02 – p.17/84
3 1. ( : UTXO ) ⇒ ( ) 2.
( : ) ⇒ 3. ( : ) TX ⇒ 2 3 — 2018 7-8 — 2018-07-02 – p.18/84
Ethereum ( ) ( ) ⇒ (Casper) ( ) ⇒
ZoE (Zcash on Ethereum) ( vs. ) ( ) ⇒ Plasma ( ) ⇒ ( ) (Benevolent Dictator For Life (BDFL)) ( ) ⇒ — 2018 7-8 — 2018-07-02 – p.19/84
BBc-1 ( ) ( ) ⇒ ( ) ⇒ (
vs. ) ( ) ⇒ DHT ( ) ⇒ ( ) ( ) ⇒ — 2018 7-8 — 2018-07-02 – p.20/84
3. — 2018 7-8 — 2018-07-02 – p.21/84
( ) (by ) (since 1984) ( ) ( )
( ) . . . ( ) ⇒ . . . — 2018 7-8 — 2018-07-02 – p.22/84
( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( )
(by ) — 2018 7-8 — 2018-07-02 – p.23/84
Q. ( ) ( = / = ) ⇒ —
2018 7-8 — 2018-07-02 – p.24/84
( ) ( ) ( ) — 2018 7-8 —
2018-07-02 – p.25/84
( ) ( ) / / — 2018 7-8 —
2018-07-02 – p.26/84
— ( ) 1. ( ) 2. ( ) 3.
( ) — 2018 7-8 — 2018-07-02 – p.27/84
( ) ( ) — 2018 7-8 — 2018-07-02 –
p.28/84
4. — 2018 7-8 — 2018-07-02 – p.29/84
— 2018 7-8 — 2018-07-02 – p.30/84
— 2018 7-8 — 2018-07-02 – p.31/84
↑ . . . — 2018 7-8 — 2018-07-02 –
p.32/84
vs. — 2018 7-8 — 2018-07-02 – p.33/84
1. ⇒ ( ) ⇒ 2. ⇒ ⇒ 3. ⇒
— 2018 7-8 — 2018-07-02 – p.34/84
(by ) 1. 2. ( ) ( ) . .
. cf. by McLuhan cf. by McLuhan — 2018 7-8 — 2018-07-02 – p.35/84
⇒ : ⇒ — 2018 7-8 — 2018-07-02 – p.36/84
⇒ : ⇒ — 2018 7-8 — 2018-07-02 – p.37/84
(Ethereum) ( ) EVM (Ethereum Virtual Machine) — 2018 7-8
— 2018-07-02 – p.38/84
Vitalik Buterin, “Ethereum White Paper: A NEXT GENERATION SMART CONTRACT
& DECENTRALIZED APPLICATION PLATFORM” 15 — 2018 7-8 — 2018-07-02 – p.39/84
= run — 2018 7-8 — 2018-07-02 – p.40/84
Ether Ethereum EOA : Externally-Owned Account Ether EVM EVM —
2018 7-8 — 2018-07-02 – p.41/84
EVM : Ethereum Virtual Machine Gas — 2018 7-8 —
2018-07-02 – p.42/84
— 2018 7-8 — 2018-07-02 – p.43/84
EVM : . . . : Solidity — JavaScript LLL
— Lisp — 2018 7-8 — 2018-07-02 – p.44/84
Solidity ( ) pragma solidity ˆ0.4.8; contract IndivisibleAsset { /*
*/ string public _name; string public _symbol; uint256 public _quantity; address public _owner; function IndivisibleAsset(string name, string symbol, uint256 quantity) { _name = name; _symbol = symbol; _quantity = quantity; _owner = msg.sender; } function transfer(address to) { if (_owner != msg.sender) { throw; } _owner = to; } } — 2018 7-8 — 2018-07-02 – p.45/84
Solidity JavaScript ( , ) (constructor) ( ) ( )
Ether — 2018 7-8 — 2018-07-02 – p.46/84
· ex. · ex. — 2018 7-8 — 2018-07-02 –
p.47/84
ADEPT — 2018 7-8 — 2018-07-02 – p.48/84
ADEPT ADEPT : IBM IoT → ⇒ — 2018 7-8
— 2018-07-02 – p.49/84
— 2018 7-8 — 2018-07-02 – p.50/84
⇒ — 2018 7-8 — 2018-07-02 – p.51/84
The DAO ( ) The DAO Split ( ) 360
ETH (50∼60 ) (2016/6/17) ( ) ( ; ) (2016/7/20 ) — 2018 7-8 — 2018-07-02 – p.52/84
— 2018 7-8 — 2018-07-02 – p.53/84
ERC20 ERC (Ethereum Request for Comment) 20 https://github.com/ethereum/EIPs/blob/master/EIPS/eip-20.md contract ERC20
{ function totalSupply() constant returns (uint totalSupply); function balanceOf(address _owner) constant returns (uint balance); function transfer(address _to, uint _value) returns (bool success); function transferFrom(address _from, address _to, uint _value) returns (bool success); function approve(address _spender, uint _value) returns (bool success); function allowance(address _owner, address _spender) constant returns (uint remaining); event Transfer(address indexed _from, address indexed _to, uint _value); event Approval(address indexed _owner, address indexed _spender, uint _value); } name/ , symbol/ , decimals/ approve allowance ERC223 ( ), ERC721 (Non-Fungible) — 2018 7-8 — 2018-07-02 – p.54/84
5. (Fabric, Sawtooth, Iroha) R3 Corda Tangle (IOTA) BBc-1 —
2018 7-8 — 2018-07-02 – p.55/84
(Linux Foundation) https://www.hyperledger.org Apache License, Version 2.0 — 2018 7-8
— 2018-07-02 – p.56/84
/ : Proposal → Incubation → Active → Deprecated →
End of Life — 2018 7-8 — 2018-07-02 – p.57/84
( https://www.hyperledger.org/about/members ) — 2018 7-8 — 2018-07-02 – p.58/84
Fabric (IBM) IBM Digital Asset Holdings http://hyperledger-fabric.readthedocs.io/en/latest/ State : Active
— 2018 7-8 — 2018-07-02 – p.59/84
( ) ( ) — 2018 7-8 — 2018-07-02 –
p.60/84
Fabric – (Docker) (chaincode) PBFT (Practical BFT) ( ) RocksDB
CA PKI v1.0 DB CA BFT : Byzantine Fault Tolerance ( ) CA : Certificate Authority ( ) PKI : Public Key Infrastructure ( ) — 2018 7-8 — 2018-07-02 – p.61/84
Sawtooth (Intel) https://github.com/hyperledger/sawtooth-core State : Active — 2018 7-8 —
2018-07-02 – p.62/84
( ) (permissioned) (permissionless) Proof of Elapsed Time (PoET) Proof
of Work ( ) (Intel ) / Transaction Families — 2018 7-8 — 2018-07-02 – p.63/84
Sawtooth – (transaction families) (PoET ) PoET ( ) (transaction
families) — 2018 7-8 — 2018-07-02 – p.64/84
Iroha ( ) https://github.com/hyperledger/iroha State : Active — 2018 7-8
— 2018-07-02 – p.65/84
( ) DLT : C++ Sumeragi Whitepaper : https://github.com/hyperledger/iroha/blob/master/docs/iroha_whitepaper.md —
2018 7-8 — 2018-07-02 – p.66/84
Iroha – JVM (chaincode) Sumeragi (BFT) → YAC? JVM :
Java Virtual Machine (Java ) — 2018 7-8 — 2018-07-02 – p.67/84
Corda (R3), Tangle (IOTA), BBc-1 ( ) — 2018 7-8
— 2018-07-02 – p.68/84
Corda (R3) R3 https://github.com/corda/corda — 2018 7-8 — 2018-07-02 –
p.69/84
R3 R3CEV 77 (2017 2 ) 3 SBI R3Net( )
Corda — 2018 7-8 — 2018-07-02 – p.70/84
Corda Corda : : — 2018 7-8 — 2018-07-02 –
p.71/84
( ) + CAP ( DLT ) — 2018 7-8
— 2018-07-02 – p.72/84
Corda – JVM ( ) (Uniqueness Services) UTXO X.509 PKI
( ) X.509 : PKI — 2018 7-8 — 2018-07-02 – p.73/84
Tangle (IOTA) IoT IOTA https://iota.readme.io — 2018 7-8 — 2018-07-02
– p.74/84
IoT TX TX (DAG) ( DAG ) TX Tangle —
2018 7-8 — 2018-07-02 – p.75/84
Tangle – IoT (IOTA) DAG ( ) DAG — 2018
7-8 — 2018-07-02 – p.76/84
BBc-1 (Beyond Blockchain One) https://github.com/beyond-blockchain https://beyond-blockchain.org — 2018 7-8 —
2018-07-02 – p.77/84
Proof of Work Bitcoin ( ) BBc Trust ( )
https://beyond-blockchain.org/public/bbc-trust.pdf ( ) https://beyond-blockchain.org/public/bbc-trust_ja.pdf ( ) Design Paper (white paper) https://beyond-blockchain.org/public/bbc1-design-paper.pdf — 2018 7-8 — 2018-07-02 – p.78/84
BBc-1 — 2018 7-8 — 2018-07-02 – p.79/84
BBc-1 – ( Python) ( DAG) ( ) UTXO/Relation —
2018 7-8 — 2018-07-02 – p.80/84
6. : ( ) — 2018 7-8 — 2018-07-02 –
p.81/84
7. — 2018 7-8 — 2018-07-02 – p.82/84
4. 2018 7 14 ( ) 17:59 JST Course N@vi
— 2018 7-8 — 2018-07-02 – p.83/84
— 2018 7-8 — 2018-07-02 – p.84/84