pages * - The total available memory is not equal to total system memory. Dirty pages Total available memory* Writeback Permanent storage Process 1 Process 2
* - The total available memory is not equal to total system memory. Dirty pages Total available memory* vm.dirty_background_ratio vm.dirty_ratio Writeback Permanent storage Flusher threads wake up every dirty_writeback_centisecs and writing out dirty data older than dirty_expire_centisecs
* - The total available memory is not equal to total system memory. Flusher threads start writing out dirty data Dirty pages Total available memory* vm.dirty_background_ratio vm.dirty_ratio Writeback Permanent storage
* - The total available memory is not equal to total system memory. Processes writing out dirty data by itself Dirty pages Total available memory* vm.dirty_background_ratio vm.dirty_ratio Permanent storage Writeback
3 core 2 core 1 core 4 core 2 Backend 1 Backend 2 Memory Bank 1 Memory Bank 2 Front Side Bus Pages of shared buffers CPU 1 CPU 2 core 3 core 2 Memory hub
3 core 2 core 1 core 4 core 3 core 2 Backend 1 CPU 1 CPU 2 CPU 2 Local Memory Backend 2 Interconnect Pages of shared buffers Pages of shared buffers CPU 1 Local Memory
pgbouncer. dirty_ratio заменить на dirty_bytes Максимально уменьшить swappiness, поднять min_free_kbytes. Использовать interleaving, отключить балансировку и реклэйминг. Использовать HP и отключить THP. Настроить RAID тома. Использовать SSD, а лучше NVMe SSD. Использовать noop, а лучше blk-mq. XFS или Ext4, важно помнить про barrier'ы. Отключать энергосбережение. Тюнинг сети на 10Gbit.