New Wave PHP

Fosdem PHP Track Talk

Transcript

1. New Wave PHP
   

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2. Recent Versions of PHP
   Version Released End of Life
   5.2 November 2006 January 2011
   5.3 June 2009 July 2014
   5.4 March 2012 September 2015
   5.5 June 2013 June 2016
   5.6 August 2014 August 2017
   7.0 Q4 2015 Release + 3 months
   

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3. New Wave PHP
   

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4. New Wave PHP
   Data from http://w3techs.com
   

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5. Changes in PHP
   

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6. Register Globals is Gone (5.4)
   Upgrade PHP and see many undefined
   (simple) variables.
   To fix each undefined variable:
   • replace $username with
   $_GET['username'] or $_POST['username']
   in each case
   

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7. Echo Shortcut (5.4)
   PHP 5.4 removes short_open_tag config option
   • is never valid - s//• = is always valid
   

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8. Error Reporting: E_STRICT
   E_ALL includes E_STRICT in PHP 5.4+
   You can either:
   1. Fix your errors
   2. Turn it off again using
   E_ALL & ~E_STRICT
   

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9. Timezone Settings (5.4)
   PHP refuses to guess the timezone and will
   warn you.
   It is not safe to rely on the system's timezone settings.
   You are *required* to use the date.timezone setting or the
   date_default_timezone_set() function.
   In case you used any of those methods and you are still getting this
   warning, you most likely misspelled the timezone identifier.
   Fix it by setting date.timezone in php.ini:
   date.timezone = "Europe/London"
   

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10. Call Time Pass By Reference
    PHP Fatal error: Call-time pass-by-reference has been removed
    This error says "don't pass references in
    when the function didn't expect them, you
    fool"
    

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11. Call Time Pass By Reference
    You can pass by reference. Declare function:
    function inspire(&$person) {
    // be inspiring
    }
    Call with just $ and not &
    inspire($current_user);
    

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12. Traits (5.5)
    Traits are building blocks for classes
    Traits can:
    • build on one another
    • be used together
    • are inherited by child classes
    

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13. Traits
    namespace Silex\Application;
    use Monolog\Logger;
    trait MonologTrait {
    public function log($message,
    array $context = array(),
    $level = Logger::INFO) {
    return $this['monolog']->addRecord($level,
    $message, $context);
    }
    }
    

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14. Traits
    To use a trait:
    use Silex\Application;
    class MyApplication extends Application
    {
    use Application\MonologTrait;
    $app->log("Something went wrong");
    

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15. DateTimeImmutable (5.5)
    $d1 = new DateTime();
    print_r($d1);
    $d1->add(new DateInterval('P4D'));
    print_r($d1);
    DateTime Object (
    [date] => 2015-01-09 10:43:26
    ...
    )
    DateTime Object (
    [date] => 2015-01-13 10:43:26
    ...
    )
    

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16. DateTimeImmutable
    $d2 = new DateTimeImmutable();
    print_r($d2);
    $d2->add(new DateInterval('P4D'));
    print_r($d2);
    DateTime Object (
    [date] => 2015-01-09 10:43:26
    ...
    )
    DateTime Object (
    [date] => 2015-01-09 10:43:26
    ...
    )
    

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17. Easy Password Hashing (5.5)
    $pass = "secretpassword";
    $hashed = password_hash($pass, PASSWORD_DEFAULT);
    echo $hashed;
    Output:
    $2y$10$Q7Rm.Cmcu4lbvI7.C2q4Z.1LLoh4C63vBSfflQtfjs52GxhAc.s/G
    (you may need to make your password
    columns larger)
    

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18. Easy Password Hashing
    $existing_hash = '$2y$10$Q7Rm.Cmcu4lbvI7.C2q4Z.1LLoh4C
    $pass = "secretpassword";
    if(password_verify($pass, $existing_hash))
    echo "All good";
    else
    echo "Go away";
    For PHP < 5.5:
    http://github.com/ircmaxell/password_compa
    t
    

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19. PHP Generators (5.5)
    Simpler than iterators - a function returning a
    sequence of values.
    function getValues() {
    // totally trivial example
    yield "Apple";
    yield "Ball";
    yield "Cat";
    }
    

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20. PHP Generators
    Simpler than iterators - a function returning a
    sequence of values.
    $stuff = getValues();
    foreach($stuff as $thing) {
    echo $thing . "\n";
    }
    

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21. MySQL is Deprecated (5.5)
    The original mysql extension now emits
    E_DEPRECATED warnings.
    Instead, use:
    • PDO
    • The mysqli extension, which is similar
    to the original mysql one
    

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22. Built-in OpCache (5.5)
    Replaces APC - beware this is disabled by
    default.
    Turn on opcache.enable and
    opcache.enable_cli
    

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23. Variadic Functions (5.6)
    function concatenate($transform, ...$strings) {
    $string = '';
    foreach($strings as $piece) {
    $string .= $piece;
    }
    return($transform($string));
    }
    echo concatenate("strtoupper", "I'd ", "like ",
    4 + 2, " apples");
    

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24. Argument Unpacking (5.6)
    Let PHP unpack your args
    $email[] = "a@example.com";
    $email[] = "Hi there";
    $email[] = "Thanks for registering, hope you like it";
    // old syntax
    mail($email[0], $email[1], $email[2]);
    //new syntax
    mail(...$email);
    

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25. Argument Unpacking
    Let PHP unpack your args
    $email[] = "Hi there";
    $email[] = "Thanks for registering, hope you like it";
    mail("someone@example.com", ...$email);
    

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26. Namespaced Functions (5.6)
    Have always been able to namespace
    functions
    Can now import them, like classes
    include "Lib/Many/Layers/functions.php";
    use function \Lib\Many\Layers\deep_func;
    deep_func();
    

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27. Upgrading An Existing System
    

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28. Performance Comparison
    

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29. How To Upgrade
    • Turn on E_DEPRECATED and watch the
    logs of your existing platform
    • Use the PHPCompatibility PHPCS
    standard
    • Compile new PHP and run test suite
    • Lint check with new version (php -l)
    • Run application with PHP's webserver
    • Upgrade a test/staging platform
    • Go for it!
    

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30. PHP's Own Webserver (5.4)
    php -S localhost:8080
    

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31. PHP's Own Webserver
    php -S dev.project.local:8080
    -t /var/www/cool-project/web
    -c php-ini.development
    routing.php
    

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32. Finding Platforms
    New projects should be PHP 5.5 or later.
    Questions to ask:
    • What versions of PHP are available?
    • Are backups included?
    • Which extensions are available, and
    can I add others?
    • Can I get support with my PHP setup?
    

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33. Unofficial List of Providers
    • Servergrove
    http://www.servergrove.com/
    • Linode https://www.linode.com/
    • Digital Ocean
    https://www.digitalocean.com/
    • Siteground
    http://www.siteground.com/
    • Rackspace http://rackspace.com
    

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34. Questions? (and resources)
    Intermediate PHP http://lrnja.net/php-video
    Contact me: @lornajane or http://lornajane.net
    

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