Continuous Non-Functional Testing of Microservices on K8s

Continuous delivery is everywhere. Well, not quite! Many teams still fail to continuously deliver well tested and stable product increments to production, especially when it comes to its non-functional attributes. Usually with the same old excuse: these high-level tests are too laborious and expensive to implement. But the opposite could be the case! This session will first highlight the challenges of proper non-functional testing for cloud-native applications. Then, we will show how easy it is to implement continuous performance, security and acceptance tests for microservices based on Kubernetes and other well-known open source tools.

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1. TITELTEXT Continuous (Non)-Functional Testing of Microservices on K8s Continuous Lifecycle Online 2021, May 11th 2021 @LeanderReimer #cloudnativenerd #qaware @ConLifecycleLon
2. Mario-Leander Reimer Principal Software Architect @LeanderReimer #cloudnativenerd #qaware
3. // Continuous Lifecycle Online 2021 —> Continuous (Non)-Functional Testing of Microservice on K8s // @LeanderReimer #cloudnativenerd #qaware 3 "Software Is Eating the World.“ Marc Andreessen, 20th August 2011
6. Dev Ops
7. https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=2223771
9. The Software Assembly Line
10. // Continuous Lifecycle Online 2021 —> Continuous (Non)-Functional Testing of Microservice on K8s // @LeanderReimer #cloudnativenerd #qaware 10 Continuous delivery (CD) is a software engineering approach in which teams produce software in short cycles, ensuring that the software can be reliably released at any time .… It aims at building, testing, and releasing software with greater speed and frequency.
11. // Continuous Lifecycle Online 2021 —> Continuous (Non)-Functional Testing of Microservice on K8s // @LeanderReimer #cloudnativenerd #qaware 11 Continuous Delivery Low Risk Releases Less 
 Rework Fast Time to Market Better Products Lower 
 Costs Happier Teams Happier 
 Users Loosely Coupled Architectures Maintainable Code Empowered Teams Continuous Security from Day 1 Test Automation Continuous Integration GitOps Deployment Automation Monitoring and Alerting Input Output
12. // Continuous Lifecycle Online 2021 —> Continuous (Non)-Functional Testing of Microservice on K8s // @LeanderReimer #cloudnativenerd #qaware 12 Continuous Delivery Low Risk Releases Less 
 Rework Fast Time to Market Better Products Lower 
 Costs Happier Teams Happier 
 Users Loosely Coupled Architectures Maintainable Code Empowered Teams Continuous Security from Day 1 Test Automation Continuous Integration GitOps Deployment Automation Monitoring and Alerting
13. // Continuous Lifecycle Online 2021 —> Continuous (Non)-Functional Testing of Microservice on K8s // @LeanderReimer #cloudnativenerd #qaware 13 Continuous Delivery Low Risk Releases Less 
 Rework Fast Time to Market Better Products Lower 
 Costs Happier Teams Happier 
 Users Loosely Coupled Architectures Maintainable Code Empowered Teams Continuous Security from Day 1 Test Automation Continuous Integration GitOps Deployment Automation Monitoring and Alerting
14. // Continuous Lifecycle Online 2021 —> Continuous (Non)-Functional Testing of Microservice on K8s // @LeanderReimer #cloudnativenerd #qaware A single, linear CI/CD pipeline is suboptimal and will result in delayed feedback and long release cycles. 14 Check-In Build Test Integrate Deploy to Production Automated Acceptance Tests Manual Auto Auto Auto Auto? Acceptance Security Performance These high level tests are usually delayed until the end of sprint or the release. 
 Which one fi rst? Is functionality more important than security or performance?
15. // Continuous Lifecycle Online 2021 —> Continuous (Non)-Functional Testing of Microservice on K8s // @LeanderReimer #cloudnativenerd #qaware A microservice architecture with many down stream dependencies is complex and hard to test. 15 Cluster Microservice 
 A Microservice 
 B External System B TEAM A TEAM B UNKNOWN Microservice C TEAM C External System A
16. // Continuous Lifecycle Online 2021 —> Continuous (Non)-Functional Testing of Microservice on K8s // @LeanderReimer #cloudnativenerd #qaware Solution: Why not continuously run (non)-functional tests against a complex microservice architecture? 16 Check-In Build Integrate Auto Auto Auto Smoke Tests Quality Acceptance Security Performance Auto Auto? Check & Report Continuous Runs inside the cluster Test Deploy to Production
17. // Continuous Lifecycle Online 2021 —> Continuous (Non)-Functional Testing of Microservice on K8s // @LeanderReimer #cloudnativenerd #qaware Architectural Fitness Functions continuously validate the (non)-functional requirements of the system. 17 https://www.thoughtworks.com/de/radar/techniques/architectural- fi tness-function
18. // Continuous Lifecycle Online 2021 —> Continuous (Non)-Functional Testing of Microservice on K8s // @LeanderReimer #cloudnativenerd #qaware Examples of Architectural Fitness Functions 18 https://www.thoughtworks.com/de/insights/articles/ fi tness-function-driven-development describe "Performance" do it "completes a transaction under 2 seconds" do expect(k6.check_transaction_round_trip_time()).to < 2 end it "has less than 10% error rate for 10000 transactions" do expect(k6.check_error_rate_for_transactions(10000)).to < .1 end end describe "Security" do describe “Static Analysis” do it "should not have plaintext secrets in codebase" do expect(code.has_secrets_in_codebase()).to_not be(true) end end describe “Dynamic Analysis” do it "should not have any of the OWASP Top 10" do expect(zap.has_owasp_top_10_vulnerabilities()).to be(false) end end end
19. // Continuous Lifecycle Online 2021 —> Continuous (Non)-Functional Testing of Microservice on K8s // @LeanderReimer #cloudnativenerd #qaware 19 Code & Demos https://github.com/qaware/continuous-k6k8s https://github.com/qaware/continuous-zapk8s https://github.com/qaware/continuous-atdd
20. // Continuous Lifecycle Online 2021 —> Continuous (Non)-Functional Testing of Microservice on K8s // @LeanderReimer #cloudnativenerd #qaware Load Testing for Engineering Teams • Made for Developers. The k6 API and CLI are easy to use and fl exible. • Out-of-the-box Docker support. Can be run in a container easily. • Suitable for Smoke Tests, Load Tests, Stress Tests and Soak Tests. • Supports REST, GraphQL, gRPC and Websockets. • Result visualisation via DataDog, CloudWatch, In fl uxDB+Grafana, New Relic and many others • Extensive documentation and good community. 20
21. // Continuous Lifecycle Online 2021 —> Continuous (Non)-Functional Testing of Microservice on K8s // @LeanderReimer #cloudnativenerd #qaware Continuous K6 on K8s - Conceptual View 21 Load Test Cluster Microservice Namespace Pod CronJob Pod Deployment
22. // Continuous Lifecycle Online 2021 —> Continuous (Non)-Functional Testing of Microservice on K8s // @LeanderReimer #cloudnativenerd #qaware OWASP Zed Attack Proxy (ZED) • Widely used, popular, free and open source web app scanner. • ZAP provides powerful APIs for security automation. • Intercepting proxy, active and passive scanner, traditional and AJAX spider, brute force scanner, port scanner, OpenAPI v3, web sockets. • ZAP's docker images provide an easy way to run ZAP, especially in a CI/CD environment: baseline, full scan, API scan, Webswing UI. • Extensive documentation and international community. 22
23. // Continuous Lifecycle Online 2021 —> Continuous (Non)-Functional Testing of Microservice on K8s // @LeanderReimer #cloudnativenerd #qaware Continuous Zap on K8s - Conceptual View 23 API Test Cluster ZAP API ZAP GUI HTML REST CronJob Pod Pod Microservice Deployment Namespace
24. // Continuous Lifecycle Online 2021 —> Continuous (Non)-Functional Testing of Microservice on K8s // @LeanderReimer #cloudnativenerd #qaware Very Groovy Browser Automation • Cross Browser Automation: Chrome, Firefox, Safari, Selenium Hub, … • Powerful, easy to learn Groovy based DSL. Easy content navigation and access inspired from jQuery. • Built-in support for Page Object Pattern for maintainable, stable UI tests. • Supports asynchronicity and dynamic content. • Provides integration modules for popular test frameworks: Spock, Unit, TestNG and Cucumber • Good and easy build system integration for Maven and Gradle 24
25. // Continuous Lifecycle Online 2021 —> Continuous (Non)-Functional Testing of Microservice on K8s // @LeanderReimer #cloudnativenerd #qaware Continuous ATDD on K8s - Conceptual View 25 UI Test Cluster Browser REST CronJob Pod Pod Microservice Deployment Namespace Selenium 
 Hub
26. Mario-Leander Reimer Principal Software Architect, QAware GmbH mario-leander.reimer@qaware.de https://www.qaware.de https://speakerdeck.com/lreimer/ https://github.com/lreimer/ &