Coronavirus

COVID-19 "pandemic"

Transcript

1. BY MALEEHA FATIMA
2. 2020 started with the emergence of novel coronavirus known as SARS-CoV-2 that caused a pandemic of coronavirus disease (COVID-19) which causes respiratory and intestinal infections in humans. Human coronaviruses primarily cause respiratory infections. A number of strains of coronaviruses are recognized, most of which are responsible for the common cold. INTRODUCTION By Maleeha Fatima
3. Coronaviruses are enveloped, positive-sense single-stranded RNA viruses. They are members of the subfamily “Coronavirinae” (family; Coronaviridae, order; Nidovirales). Coronavirus contains four genera: 1. alpha-coronavirus (e.g., 229E, NL63): infect mammals 2. beta-coronavirus (e.g., SARS-CoV, SARS-CoV- 2, HKU1, OC43, MERS-CoV): infect mammals 3. gamma-coronavirus: infect birds 4. delta-coronavirus: infect birds. By Maleeha Fatima
4. SARS-CoV In 2002, a new strain emerged in China that rapidly spread in the region, then to Hong Kong, Vietnam, and Singapore. Focal outbreaks were also reported in other countries by travelers from the endemic region who became ill when they returned home. The virus was named SARS-CoV. Two facts about this virus are critical: person-to-person spread occurred readily, including in the health care workers exposed to the patients, and the disease was responsible for a high mortality rate, particularly for patients with underlying pulmonary disease (i.e., 50% mortality) and in the elderly. By Maleeha Fatima
5. MERS-CoV In 2012, a new coronavirus infection erupted in the Middle East, again associated with a high mortality rate. This strain, MERS-CoV, has spread from the initial focus in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia through the Middle East and to other countries via travelers. In contrast with the SARS-CoV strain, this coronavirus is only intermittently spread person-to-person; however, coronaviruses have a high mutation rate so this can change rapidly. In addition, the strain continues to circulate in the Middle East. By Maleeha Fatima
6. HOW DOES IT SPREAD? the main way of catching the disease is through the respiratory droplets expelled by sufferer while coughing or sneezing By Maleeha Fatima
7. SYMPTOMS OF COVID-19
9. ACHES SORE THROAT DIARRHEA RUNNY NOSE VOMITING
10. PREVENTIVE MEASURES AGAINST COVID-19 ACCORDING TO By Maleeha Fatima
11. Washing hands with soap and water kill viruses that may be on your hands. Maintain at least 1 meter (3 feet) distance between yourself and anyone who is coughing and sneezing. By Maleeha Fatima
12. Cover mouth and nose with your bent elbow or tissue when you cough or sneeze. Then dispose off the used tissue immediately. Avoid touching eyes, nose and mouth with unwashed hands. By Maleeha Fatima