ZeroMQ: scriptable sockets

Ruby Shift 2012, Kyiv, Ukraine

Transcript

1. Wildfire Interactive, Inc. | 1600 Seaport Boulevard, Suite 500, Redwood City, CA 94063 | (888) 274-0929 ZeroMQ: scriptable sockets Lourens Naudé Kyiv Sunday, September 30, 12
2. Wildfire Interactive, Inc. | 1600 Seaport Boulevard, Suite 500, Redwood City, CA 94063 | (888) 274-0929 Ops @ WildfireApp Sunday, September 30, 12
3. Wildfire Interactive, Inc. | 1600 Seaport Boulevard, Suite 500, Redwood City, CA 94063 | (888) 274-0929 In 2012 it’s still too “expensive” to create and maintain integration points. Why this talk ? Sunday, September 30, 12
4. Wildfire Interactive, Inc. | 1600 Seaport Boulevard, Suite 500, Redwood City, CA 94063 | (888) 274-0929 Agenda What it is and isn’t Messages and patterns Transports and devices Resiliency Rewby Sunday, September 30, 12
5. Wildfire Interactive, Inc. | 1600 Seaport Boulevard, Suite 500, Redwood City, CA 94063 | (888) 274-0929 What’s wrong with socket I/O ? Sunday, September 30, 12
6. Wildfire Interactive, Inc. | 1600 Seaport Boulevard, Suite 500, Redwood City, CA 94063 | (888) 274-0929 Socket I/O problems Strong dev profile required Portability Flexibility Sunday, September 30, 12
7. Wildfire Interactive, Inc. | 1600 Seaport Boulevard, Suite 500, Redwood City, CA 94063 | (888) 274-0929 Zero broker, admin, cost, waste, price tag and (almost) zero latency What is ZeroMQ ? Sunday, September 30, 12
8. Wildfire Interactive, Inc. | 1600 Seaport Boulevard, Suite 500, Redwood City, CA 94063 | (888) 274-0929 Turnkey message queue solution. What it isn’t Sunday, September 30, 12
9. Wildfire Interactive, Inc. | 1600 Seaport Boulevard, Suite 500, Redwood City, CA 94063 | (888) 274-0929 /* Copyright (c) 2007-2012 iMatix Corporation Copyright (c) 2009-2011 250bpm s.r.o. Copyright (c) 2011 VMware, Inc. Copyright (c) 2007-2011 Other contributors as noted in the AUTHORS file However ... Sunday, September 30, 12
10. Wildfire Interactive, Inc. | 1600 Seaport Boulevard, Suite 500, Redwood City, CA 94063 | (888) 274-0929 IM for apps Not a server or message queue Communication / concurrency library Messaging semantics for sockets BSD sockets API Async by design Sunday, September 30, 12
11. Wildfire Interactive, Inc. | 1600 Seaport Boulevard, Suite 500, Redwood City, CA 94063 | (888) 274-0929 How did we get here ? Sunday, September 30, 12
12. Wildfire Interactive, Inc. | 1600 Seaport Boulevard, Suite 500, Redwood City, CA 94063 | (888) 274-0929 No really ... Martin Sustrik + Pieter Hintjens A lot AMQP isn’t Messages, not byte streams Financial services - optimization iMatix && community aka Crossroads I/O (fork) Sunday, September 30, 12
13. Wildfire Interactive, Inc. | 1600 Seaport Boulevard, Suite 500, Redwood City, CA 94063 | (888) 274-0929 Rich bindings ecosystem 30+ language bindings ... Sunday, September 30, 12
14. Wildfire Interactive, Inc. | 1600 Seaport Boulevard, Suite 500, Redwood City, CA 94063 | (888) 274-0929 In the wild ... and financial industry + startups Sunday, September 30, 12
15. Wildfire Interactive, Inc. | 1600 Seaport Boulevard, Suite 500, Redwood City, CA 94063 | (888) 274-0929 Super (scriptable) sockets What is a ZeroMQ socket ? Sunday, September 30, 12
16. Wildfire Interactive, Inc. | 1600 Seaport Boulevard, Suite 500, Redwood City, CA 94063 | (888) 274-0929 How ? An API model Embeddable servers Multiple transports Socket metaphor Familiar BSD socket API Multiplexing, framing etc. Sunday, September 30, 12
17. Wildfire Interactive, Inc. | 1600 Seaport Boulevard, Suite 500, Redwood City, CA 94063 | (888) 274-0929 bind() or connect() to multiple endpoints, simultaneously Multiple endpoints Sunday, September 30, 12
18. Wildfire Interactive, Inc. | 1600 Seaport Boulevard, Suite 500, Redwood City, CA 94063 | (888) 274-0929 bind() or connect() in any order Async connect Sunday, September 30, 12
19. Wildfire Interactive, Inc. | 1600 Seaport Boulevard, Suite 500, Redwood City, CA 94063 | (888) 274-0929 Socket types PUB SUB REQ REP PUSH PULL Sunday, September 30, 12
20. Wildfire Interactive, Inc. | 1600 Seaport Boulevard, Suite 500, Redwood City, CA 94063 | (888) 274-0929 Touching the water PUSH PULL PUSH PULL PULL PUSH PULL PUSH VENTILATOR SINK Sunday, September 30, 12
21. Wildfire Interactive, Inc. | 1600 Seaport Boulevard, Suite 500, Redwood City, CA 94063 | (888) 274-0929 PUSH PULL PUSH PULL PULL PUSH PULL PUSH VENTILATOR SINK PUSH PULL Sunday, September 30, 12
22. Wildfire Interactive, Inc. | 1600 Seaport Boulevard, Suite 500, Redwood City, CA 94063 | (888) 274-0929 Opaque binary data (blobs) Messages Sunday, September 30, 12
23. Wildfire Interactive, Inc. | 1600 Seaport Boulevard, Suite 500, Redwood City, CA 94063 | (888) 274-0929 Message format Framed wire protocol No contracts Serialize as you wish No auth / security Sunday, September 30, 12
24. Wildfire Interactive, Inc. | 1600 Seaport Boulevard, Suite 500, Redwood City, CA 94063 | (888) 274-0929 Message delivery Multipart messages supported Send 5GB if you like Atomic delivery NO PERSISTENCE Sunday, September 30, 12
25. Wildfire Interactive, Inc. | 1600 Seaport Boulevard, Suite 500, Redwood City, CA 94063 | (888) 274-0929 ENOTAMQ Sunday, September 30, 12
26. Wildfire Interactive, Inc. | 1600 Seaport Boulevard, Suite 500, Redwood City, CA 94063 | (888) 274-0929 Request / Reply Supported patterns Sunday, September 30, 12
27. Wildfire Interactive, Inc. | 1600 Seaport Boulevard, Suite 500, Redwood City, CA 94063 | (888) 274-0929 Request / reply REQ REP REQ REP REP REP REQ REQ Sunday, September 30, 12
28. Wildfire Interactive, Inc. | 1600 Seaport Boulevard, Suite 500, Redwood City, CA 94063 | (888) 274-0929 Request / Reply usage REQ socket load balances Lock step Bi-directional Custom routing Downstream topology flow control Sunday, September 30, 12
29. Wildfire Interactive, Inc. | 1600 Seaport Boulevard, Suite 500, Redwood City, CA 94063 | (888) 274-0929 Publish / subscribe Supported patterns Sunday, September 30, 12
30. Wildfire Interactive, Inc. | 1600 Seaport Boulevard, Suite 500, Redwood City, CA 94063 | (888) 274-0929 Publish / subscribe PUB SUB SUB SUB Sunday, September 30, 12
31. Wildfire Interactive, Inc. | 1600 Seaport Boulevard, Suite 500, Redwood City, CA 94063 | (888) 274-0929 Logging SUB PUB PUB PUB Sunday, September 30, 12
32. Wildfire Interactive, Inc. | 1600 Seaport Boulevard, Suite 500, Redwood City, CA 94063 | (888) 274-0929 Publish / subscribe usage Market data, game state etc. PUB socket distributes SUB socket filters Subscription forwarding (3.x) Sunday, September 30, 12
33. Wildfire Interactive, Inc. | 1600 Seaport Boulevard, Suite 500, Redwood City, CA 94063 | (888) 274-0929 Pipeline Supported patterns Sunday, September 30, 12
34. Wildfire Interactive, Inc. | 1600 Seaport Boulevard, Suite 500, Redwood City, CA 94063 | (888) 274-0929 Pipeline PUSH PULL PULL PULL Sunday, September 30, 12
35. Wildfire Interactive, Inc. | 1600 Seaport Boulevard, Suite 500, Redwood City, CA 94063 | (888) 274-0929 Pipeline usage Like REQ/REP, downstream reply Extendable - UNIX pipes Round-robin distribution Tasks with variable processing Sunday, September 30, 12
36. Wildfire Interactive, Inc. | 1600 Seaport Boulevard, Suite 500, Redwood City, CA 94063 | (888) 274-0929 Transport agnostic messaging Transports Sunday, September 30, 12
37. Wildfire Interactive, Inc. | 1600 Seaport Boulevard, Suite 500, Redwood City, CA 94063 | (888) 274-0929 Supported transports inproc:// - threads in a process ipc:// - processes on a box tcp:// - nodes in a network Uniform API - it just works Sunday, September 30, 12
38. Wildfire Interactive, Inc. | 1600 Seaport Boulevard, Suite 500, Redwood City, CA 94063 | (888) 274-0929 Lightweight switches Devices Sunday, September 30, 12
39. Wildfire Interactive, Inc. | 1600 Seaport Boulevard, Suite 500, Redwood City, CA 94063 | (888) 274-0929 eg. pub/sub persistence SUB PUB PUB SUB SUB Sunday, September 30, 12
40. Wildfire Interactive, Inc. | 1600 Seaport Boulevard, Suite 500, Redwood City, CA 94063 | (888) 274-0929 Device main loop f = ctx.connect(:SUB, "tcp:// 0.0.0.0:5110") b = ctx.bind(:PUB, “tcp:// 0.0.0.0:5111”) loop do m = f.recv process(m) b.send(m) end Sunday, September 30, 12
41. Wildfire Interactive, Inc. | 1600 Seaport Boulevard, Suite 500, Redwood City, CA 94063 | (888) 274-0929 Uses Proxy Routing (LRU) Filtering / de-dup Translation Persistence Sunday, September 30, 12
42. Wildfire Interactive, Inc. | 1600 Seaport Boulevard, Suite 500, Redwood City, CA 94063 | (888) 274-0929 Interjection Principle Scalable topologies Sunday, September 30, 12
43. Wildfire Interactive, Inc. | 1600 Seaport Boulevard, Suite 500, Redwood City, CA 94063 | (888) 274-0929 eg. saving bandwidth SUB PUB PUB SUB SUB SUB SUB Sunday, September 30, 12
44. Wildfire Interactive, Inc. | 1600 Seaport Boulevard, Suite 500, Redwood City, CA 94063 | (888) 274-0929 Asynchronous external dependencies. Resiliency Sunday, September 30, 12
45. Wildfire Interactive, Inc. | 1600 Seaport Boulevard, Suite 500, Redwood City, CA 94063 | (888) 274-0929 ZeroMQ resiliency Atomic message delivery Delayed retry on failure Multi bind() and connect() Unordered bind() or connect() SOA - easy upgrades Sunday, September 30, 12
46. Wildfire Interactive, Inc. | 1600 Seaport Boulevard, Suite 500, Redwood City, CA 94063 | (888) 274-0929 Water marks Throttling / flow control High Water Mark (HWM) Socket option DROPS - REP, PUB, SUB BLOCKS - REQ, PUSH Sunday, September 30, 12
47. Wildfire Interactive, Inc. | 1600 Seaport Boulevard, Suite 500, Redwood City, CA 94063 | (888) 274-0929 99% of deployments don’t need enterprise reliability Of reliability Sunday, September 30, 12
48. Wildfire Interactive, Inc. | 1600 Seaport Boulevard, Suite 500, Redwood City, CA 94063 | (888) 274-0929 Then ... Costly transactions Small topology Large ops team Little churn Sunday, September 30, 12
49. Wildfire Interactive, Inc. | 1600 Seaport Boulevard, Suite 500, Redwood City, CA 94063 | (888) 274-0929 ... now Negligible transaction cost Large topology Small ops team Rapid churn rate Sunday, September 30, 12
50. Wildfire Interactive, Inc. | 1600 Seaport Boulevard, Suite 500, Redwood City, CA 94063 | (888) 274-0929 Reliability as patterns Lazy Pirate (REQ / REP) Majordomo (queue) Titanic (persistence) Binary Star (High Availability) See http://zguide.zeromq.org Sunday, September 30, 12
51. Wildfire Interactive, Inc. | 1600 Seaport Boulevard, Suite 500, Redwood City, CA 94063 | (888) 274-0929 Low latency, high throughput. Performance Sunday, September 30, 12
52. Wildfire Interactive, Inc. | 1600 Seaport Boulevard, Suite 500, Redwood City, CA 94063 | (888) 274-0929 Lab: 6 000 000 msgs/s Ruby: 200 000 msgs/s (16 byte payload) Numbers Sunday, September 30, 12
53. Wildfire Interactive, Inc. | 1600 Seaport Boulevard, Suite 500, Redwood City, CA 94063 | (888) 274-0929 Measured per message. Latency Sunday, September 30, 12
54. Wildfire Interactive, Inc. | 1600 Seaport Boulevard, Suite 500, Redwood City, CA 94063 | (888) 274-0929 Measured at specific points Throughput Sunday, September 30, 12
55. Wildfire Interactive, Inc. | 1600 Seaport Boulevard, Suite 500, Redwood City, CA 94063 | (888) 274-0929 ZeroMQ optimizations Dedicated I/O thread I/O model suits scripting languages Syscalls and allocations etc. Sunday, September 30, 12
56. Wildfire Interactive, Inc. | 1600 Seaport Boulevard, Suite 500, Redwood City, CA 94063 | (888) 274-0929 Opportunistic batching Latency > TCP Throughput > TCP Avoid the network stack Scales to any pipe size Sunday, September 30, 12
57. Wildfire Interactive, Inc. | 1600 Seaport Boulevard, Suite 500, Redwood City, CA 94063 | (888) 274-0929 gem install rbczmq (rzmq || ffi-rzmq) Rewby. Sunday, September 30, 12
58. Wildfire Interactive, Inc. | 1600 Seaport Boulevard, Suite 500, Redwood City, CA 94063 | (888) 274-0929 ctx = ZMQ::Context.new(1) rep = ctx.bind(:REP, “inproc://p” req = ctx.connect(:REQ, “inproc://p” req.send(“message”) rep.receive(“message”) ctx.destroy Context - sockets state Sunday, September 30, 12
59. Wildfire Interactive, Inc. | 1600 Seaport Boulevard, Suite 500, Redwood City, CA 94063 | (888) 274-0929 ctx = ZMQ::Context.new(1) sub = ctx.socket(:SUB) sub.subscribe(“APPLE”) sub.connect(“tcp://0.0.0.0:5000”) sub.connect(“ipc://other.pub”) loop do process(sub.recv) end Initialize a socket Sunday, September 30, 12
60. Wildfire Interactive, Inc. | 1600 Seaport Boulevard, Suite 500, Redwood City, CA 94063 | (888) 274-0929 ZeroMQ concurrency PUSH PULL PULL PULL MAIN THREAD THREAD 1 THREAD 2 THREAD 3 I/O THREAD Sunday, September 30, 12
61. Wildfire Interactive, Inc. | 1600 Seaport Boulevard, Suite 500, Redwood City, CA 94063 | (888) 274-0929 ctx = ZMQ::Context.new s = ctx.bind(:PUSH, "inproc://work") 3.times{ ws << spawn_worker(ctx) } loop do msg = work.shift break if msg == “exit” s.send(msg) end Master (work distributor) Sunday, September 30, 12
62. Wildfire Interactive, Inc. | 1600 Seaport Boulevard, Suite 500, Redwood City, CA 94063 | (888) 274-0929 Thread.new do s = ctx.connect(:PULL, “inproc:// work”) loop do msg = s.recv break if msg == "quit" process(msg) end end Workers (consumer threads) Sunday, September 30, 12
63. Wildfire Interactive, Inc. | 1600 Seaport Boulevard, Suite 500, Redwood City, CA 94063 | (888) 274-0929 Mongrel2 Case study Sunday, September 30, 12
64. Wildfire Interactive, Inc. | 1600 Seaport Boulevard, Suite 500, Redwood City, CA 94063 | (888) 274-0929 How it works Multi-protocol ZeroMQ for backends Async backend requests Language agnostic (bindings) Sunday, September 30, 12
65. Wildfire Interactive, Inc. | 1600 Seaport Boulevard, Suite 500, Redwood City, CA 94063 | (888) 274-0929 Mongrel2 topology PULL PUB PULL PUB PUSH SUB BACKEND A BACKEND B MONGREL2 CLIENT Sunday, September 30, 12
66. Wildfire Interactive, Inc. | 1600 Seaport Boulevard, Suite 500, Redwood City, CA 94063 | (888) 274-0929 Best practices Patterns - learn them Stable bind() Unstable connect() Interjection principle Set water marks Read http://zguide.zeromq.org Sunday, September 30, 12
67. Wildfire Interactive, Inc. | 1600 Seaport Boulevard, Suite 500, Redwood City, CA 94063 | (888) 274-0929 The Future UDP, DNS transports etc. Scalability Protocol (Linux Kernel) Mobile / embedded Monitoring support (3.2) Directory service ? Sunday, September 30, 12
68. Wildfire Interactive, Inc. | 1600 Seaport Boulevard, Suite 500, Redwood City, CA 94063 | (888) 274-0929 Questions ? (... or sync up after) O fim fork @methodmissing follow @methodmissing Sunday, September 30, 12