Art of the Ancient World: Near East and Egypt

Transcript

1. The  Art  of  Early  Civiliza2ons:    
   The  Near  East  and  Egypt  
   Reading  
   Ar+orms:    ch.  14  
    
   Range  
   8000-­‐2000  BCE  
   Sumerian,  Old  Kingdom  (Egypt)  
    
   Terms/Concepts  
   Ziggurat,  bent  axis,  vo2ve,  
   hiera2c  scale,  Pyramid,  Step-­‐
   Pyramid,  Mastaba,  ba,  serdab,  
   unifica2on  of  upper  and  lower  
   Egypt,  lotus,  papyrus,    
   Key  Monuments  
     Anu  Ziggurat  and  White  
   Temple,  Uruk,  Iraq,  
   Protoliterate  Sumerian  
   3300-­‐3000  BCE  
     PaleTe  of  Narmer,  Early  
   Dynas2c,  2950  BCE.  
     Pyramids  of  Khufu,  Khafre  
   and  Menkaure,  at  Giza,  Old  
   Kingdom,  2575-­‐2450  BCE  
     Cult  Statue  of  Khafre,  Old  
   Kingdom,  2520-­‐2465  BCE  
   

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2. View Slide

3. Reception for CU Denver Juried Student Exhibition
   4:00 – 7:00 PM, Thursday, March 14
   Emmanuel Gallery
   

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4. Reminder:  Upcoming  Deadlines  
   Quiz  3:    
   Thursday  March  14th    
   Interroga2ng  the  Museum:    
   Thursday  April  4th    
   

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5. Samarra  
   Sumer:  3300-­‐2500  BCE  
   

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6. Anu  Ziggurat  and  White  Temple,  Uruk,  Iraq,  Protoliterate  
   Sumerian  3300-­‐3000  BCE  
   

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7. Plan of the Anu Ziggurat and White Temple. Uruk, Iraq. c.3300-3000 BCE
   Bent-­‐Axis  
   

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8. Mud  Bricks  
   

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9. Carved  Vessel  (Warka  Vase),  Uruk,  Iraq,  Prololiterate  Sumerian,  
   3300-­‐3000  BCE.  
   Water,  Plants  and  Animals.  
   

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10. Goddess  receiving  offerings—probably  Inanna  
    Carved  Vessel  (Warka  Vase),  Uruk,  Iraq,  Prololiterate  Sumerian,  
    3300-­‐3000  BCE.  
    

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11. Goddess  receiving  offerings—probably  
    Inanna  
    Carved  Vessel  (Warka  Vase),  Uruk,  Iraq,  Prololiterate  Sumerian,  
    3300-­‐3000  BCE.  
    

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12. In  the  beginning…  
    Ptah  
    

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13. Copper, gold and tin were
    eastern deserts and were vita
    craftsmanship and art. Coppe
    tools and weapons after being
    through repeated heating and
    of copper could be hammered
    make large metal statues, alth
    rarely survive from antiquity.
    Copper mixed with tin pro
    which was easily worked into
    toiletry items like razors and m
    statuettes of gods or royalty. G
    lavishly in products destined
    royal household, such as gild
    statuary, gold jewellery and ve
    solid gold coffins and mumm
    King Tutankhamun (c.1320 BC
    Mud and sand were also r
    dried mud bricks were the mo
    building material for the earli
    temples and for urban structu
    Egyptian history. Sand was fo
    with quartzite and fired to pro
    faience, a forerunner of glass
    distinctive blue or green colo
    to heat in a kiln.
    Although Egypt is primar
    country, wood was available b
    trees, like sycamore and acaci
    abroad, notably cedar import
    Levant. Statues, furniture and
    among the products crafted fr
    ART IN SOCIETY
    Royal patronage funded temp
    construction and royal mortu
    Styles established by royal wo
    imitated in work for private pa
    25˚
    30˚
    30˚ 35˚
    Cu
    Cu
    Cu
    Cu Cu
    Memphis
    (Mit Rahina)
    El-Amarna
    Aswan
    Luxor
    Asyut
    Hibis
    Balat
    Elephantine
    Aniba
    Qift (Coptos)
    Karnak
    Thebes
    Hierakonpolis
    Bubastis
    Buto
    Sais
    (Sa el-Hagar)
    Tanis
    Mendes
    Giza
    Saqqara
    Abu Simbel
    Abydos
    El-Kab
    Nile
    Bahr Yusuf
    Delta
    M E D I T E R R A N E A N S E A
    R
    E
    D
    S
    E
    A
    N U B I A N
    D E S E R T
    EASTERN
    DESERT
    FAIYUM
    W E S T E R N
    D E S E R T
    SINAI
    E G Y P T
    First cataract
    Second
    cataract
    Bahariya
    Oasis
    Siwa
    Oasis
    Farafra
    Oasis
    Dakhla
    Oasis
    Kharga
    Oasis
    N
    0
    0
    100 miles
    150 kms
    1 Sites and Monuments
    fertile area
    desert route
    political centre
    other important city
    religious site
    fortification
    pyramid site
    natural resources
    gold
    copper
    tin
    natron (salts)
    limestone
    calcite
    (Egyptian alabaster)
    basalt
    greywacke
    coloured stones
    (jasper, porphyry)
    quartzite
    red granite
    sandstone
    turquoise
    Cu
    

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14. Geb  and  Nut  
    

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15. Osiris,  Isis,  Seth,  Nephthys  
    

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16. Osiris   Horus   Isis  
    

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17. Copper, gold and tin were
    eastern deserts and were vita
    craftsmanship and art. Coppe
    tools and weapons after being
    through repeated heating and
    of copper could be hammered
    make large metal statues, alth
    rarely survive from antiquity.
    Copper mixed with tin pro
    which was easily worked into
    toiletry items like razors and m
    statuettes of gods or royalty. G
    lavishly in products destined
    royal household, such as gild
    statuary, gold jewellery and ve
    solid gold coffins and mumm
    King Tutankhamun (c.1320 BC
    Mud and sand were also r
    dried mud bricks were the mo
    building material for the earli
    temples and for urban structu
    Egyptian history. Sand was fo
    with quartzite and fired to pro
    faience, a forerunner of glass
    distinctive blue or green colo
    to heat in a kiln.
    Although Egypt is primar
    country, wood was available b
    trees, like sycamore and acaci
    abroad, notably cedar import
    Levant. Statues, furniture and
    among the products crafted fr
    ART IN SOCIETY
    Royal patronage funded temp
    construction and royal mortu
    Styles established by royal wo
    imitated in work for private pa
    25˚
    30˚
    30˚ 35˚
    Cu
    Cu
    Cu
    Cu Cu
    Memphis
    (Mit Rahina)
    El-Amarna
    Aswan
    Luxor
    Asyut
    Hibis
    Balat
    Elephantine
    Aniba
    Qift (Coptos)
    Karnak
    Thebes
    Hierakonpolis
    Bubastis
    Buto
    Sais
    (Sa el-Hagar)
    Tanis
    Mendes
    Giza
    Saqqara
    Abu Simbel
    Abydos
    El-Kab
    Nile
    Bahr Yusuf
    Delta
    M E D I T E R R A N E A N S E A
    R
    E
    D
    S
    E
    A
    N U B I A N
    D E S E R T
    EASTERN
    DESERT
    FAIYUM
    W E S T E R N
    D E S E R T
    SINAI
    E G Y P T
    First cataract
    Second
    cataract
    Bahariya
    Oasis
    Siwa
    Oasis
    Farafra
    Oasis
    Dakhla
    Oasis
    Kharga
    Oasis
    N
    0
    0
    100 miles
    150 kms
    1 Sites and Monuments
    fertile area
    desert route
    political centre
    other important city
    religious site
    fortification
    pyramid site
    natural resources
    gold
    copper
    tin
    natron (salts)
    limestone
    calcite
    (Egyptian alabaster)
    basalt
    greywacke
    coloured stones
    (jasper, porphyry)
    quartzite
    red granite
    sandstone
    turquoise
    Cu
    

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18. PaleTe  of  Narmer,  Hierakonpolis,  Egypt,  Early  Dynas2c,  2950  BCE  
    

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19. PaleTe  of  Narmer,  
    Hierakonpolis,  Egypt,  Early  
    Dynas2c,  2950  BCE  
    

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20. PaleTe  of  Narmer,  Hierakonpolis,  Egypt,  Early  Dynas2c,  2950  BCE  
    

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21. PaleTe  of  Narmer,  Hierakonpolis,  Egypt,  Early  Dynas2c,  2950  BCE  
    Horus  
    Papyrus  =  Lower  Egypt  
    

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22. PaleTe  of  Narmer,  
    Hierakonpolis,  Egypt,  Early  
    Dynas2c,  2950  BCE  
    

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23. Upper  Egypt  
    Lower  Egypt  
    PaleTe  of  Narmer,  Early  
    Dynas2c,  2950  BCE  
    Stele  of  Naram  Sin,  Akkadian,  
    2254-­‐2218  BCE  
    

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24. PaleTe  of  Narmer,  Hierakonpolis,  Egypt,  
    Early  Dynas2c,  2950  BCE  
    

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25. PaleTe  of  Narmer,  Hierakonpolis,  Egypt,  Early  Dynas2c,  2950  BCE  
    

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26. PaleTe  of  Narmer,  Hierakonpolis,  Egypt,  Early  Dynas2c,  2950  BCE  
    

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27. PaleTe  of  Narmer,  Hierakonpolis,  Egypt,  Early  Dynas2c,  2950  BCE  
    

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28. Copper, gold and tin were
    eastern deserts and were vita
    craftsmanship and art. Coppe
    tools and weapons after being
    through repeated heating and
    of copper could be hammered
    make large metal statues, alth
    rarely survive from antiquity.
    Copper mixed with tin pro
    which was easily worked into
    toiletry items like razors and m
    statuettes of gods or royalty. G
    lavishly in products destined
    royal household, such as gild
    statuary, gold jewellery and ve
    solid gold coffins and mumm
    King Tutankhamun (c.1320 BC
    Mud and sand were also r
    dried mud bricks were the mo
    building material for the earli
    temples and for urban structu
    Egyptian history. Sand was fo
    with quartzite and fired to pro
    faience, a forerunner of glass
    distinctive blue or green colo
    to heat in a kiln.
    Although Egypt is primar
    country, wood was available b
    trees, like sycamore and acaci
    abroad, notably cedar import
    Levant. Statues, furniture and
    among the products crafted fr
    ART IN SOCIETY
    Royal patronage funded temp
    construction and royal mortu
    Styles established by royal wo
    imitated in work for private pa
    25˚
    30˚
    30˚ 35˚
    Cu
    Cu
    Cu
    Cu Cu
    Memphis
    (Mit Rahina)
    El-Amarna
    Aswan
    Luxor
    Asyut
    Hibis
    Balat
    Elephantine
    Aniba
    Qift (Coptos)
    Karnak
    Thebes
    Hierakonpolis
    Bubastis
    Buto
    Sais
    (Sa el-Hagar)
    Tanis
    Mendes
    Giza
    Saqqara
    Abu Simbel
    Abydos
    El-Kab
    Nile
    Bahr Yusuf
    Delta
    M E D I T E R R A N E A N S E A
    R
    E
    D
    S
    E
    A
    N U B I A N
    D E S E R T
    EASTERN
    DESERT
    FAIYUM
    W E S T E R N
    D E S E R T
    SINAI
    E G Y P T
    First cataract
    Second
    cataract
    Bahariya
    Oasis
    Siwa
    Oasis
    Farafra
    Oasis
    Dakhla
    Oasis
    Kharga
    Oasis
    N
    0
    0
    100 miles
    150 kms
    1 Sites and Monuments
    fertile area
    desert route
    political centre
    other important city
    religious site
    fortification
    pyramid site
    natural resources
    gold
    copper
    tin
    natron (salts)
    limestone
    calcite
    (Egyptian alabaster)
    basalt
    greywacke
    coloured stones
    (jasper, porphyry)
    quartzite
    red granite
    sandstone
    turquoise
    Cu
    

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29. View Slide

30. Mastaba  (General  Plan),  Early  Dynas2c  Egypt-­‐Old  Kingdom,  3000-­‐2100  
    BCE  
    

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31. Wooden  Panel  (detail),  Tomb  of  
    Hesire,  Early  Dynas2c  Egypt,  Third  
    Dynasty,  Saqqara,  2630-­‐2611  BCE    
    

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32. View Slide

33. Imhotep. Stepped Pyramid and Mortuary Precinct of
    Djoser. Saqqara, Egypt. c.2630-2575 BCE.
    

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34. Imhotep. Plan, Stepped Pyramid of Djoser. Saqqara,
    Egypt. c.2630-2575 BCE.
    

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35. Imhotep. Serdab, Stepped Pyramid and mortuary
    precinct of Djoser. Saqqara, Egypt. c. 2630-2575 BCE.
    

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36. View Slide

37. View Slide

38. View Slide

39. Statue of Djoser. Saqqara. Early
    Dynastic. c. 2630-2575 BCE.
    Ka  =  Soul,  or  Life  Force  
    

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40. Copper, gold and tin were
    eastern deserts and were vita
    craftsmanship and art. Coppe
    tools and weapons after being
    through repeated heating and
    of copper could be hammered
    make large metal statues, alth
    rarely survive from antiquity.
    Copper mixed with tin pro
    which was easily worked into
    toiletry items like razors and m
    statuettes of gods or royalty. G
    lavishly in products destined
    royal household, such as gild
    statuary, gold jewellery and ve
    solid gold coffins and mumm
    King Tutankhamun (c.1320 BC
    Mud and sand were also r
    dried mud bricks were the mo
    building material for the earli
    temples and for urban structu
    Egyptian history. Sand was fo
    with quartzite and fired to pro
    faience, a forerunner of glass
    distinctive blue or green colo
    to heat in a kiln.
    Although Egypt is primar
    country, wood was available b
    trees, like sycamore and acaci
    abroad, notably cedar import
    Levant. Statues, furniture and
    among the products crafted fr
    ART IN SOCIETY
    Royal patronage funded temp
    construction and royal mortu
    Styles established by royal wo
    imitated in work for private pa
    25˚
    30˚
    30˚ 35˚
    Cu
    Cu
    Cu
    Cu Cu
    Memphis
    (Mit Rahina)
    El-Amarna
    Aswan
    Luxor
    Asyut
    Hibis
    Balat
    Elephantine
    Aniba
    Qift (Coptos)
    Karnak
    Thebes
    Hierakonpolis
    Bubastis
    Buto
    Sais
    (Sa el-Hagar)
    Tanis
    Mendes
    Giza
    Saqqara
    Abu Simbel
    Abydos
    El-Kab
    Nile
    Bahr Yusuf
    Delta
    M E D I T E R R A N E A N S E A
    R
    E
    D
    S
    E
    A
    N U B I A N
    D E S E R T
    EASTERN
    DESERT
    FAIYUM
    W E S T E R N
    D E S E R T
    SINAI
    E G Y P T
    First cataract
    Second
    cataract
    Bahariya
    Oasis
    Siwa
    Oasis
    Farafra
    Oasis
    Dakhla
    Oasis
    Kharga
    Oasis
    N
    0
    0
    100 miles
    150 kms
    1 Sites and Monuments
    fertile area
    desert route
    political centre
    other important city
    religious site
    fortification
    pyramid site
    natural resources
    gold
    copper
    tin
    natron (salts)
    limestone
    calcite
    (Egyptian alabaster)
    basalt
    greywacke
    coloured stones
    (jasper, porphyry)
    quartzite
    red granite
    sandstone
    turquoise
    Cu
    

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41. View Slide

42. Pyramids  of  Khufu,  Khafre  and  Menkaure,  at  Giza,  Old  
    Kingdom,  2575-­‐2450  BCE  
    

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43. View Slide

44. Grave  Goods,  Pyramid  of  Khufu,  Giza,  Egypt,  Old  Kingdom,  
    2551-­‐2528  BCE.  
    

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45. Grave  Goods,  Pyramid  of  Khufu,  Giza,  
    Egypt,  Old  Kingdom,  2551-­‐2528  BCE.  
    People,  boats,  and  animals,  as  seen  
    in  a  copy  of  a  pain2ng  from  Tomb  
    100,  Hierakonpolis,    Predynas2c  
    Period,  c.3500-­‐3200  BCE.      
    

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46. View Slide

47. Cult  Statue  of  Khafre,  Old  Kingdom,  2520-­‐2465  BCE  
    

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48. Cult  Statue  of  Khafre,  Old  Kingdom,  2520-­‐2465  BCE  
    

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49. PaleTe  of  Narmer      
      Cult  Statue  of  Khafre  
    

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50. View Slide

51. Papyrus  =  Lower  Egypt  
    Blue  Lotus  =  Upper  Egypt   Khafre  Cult  Statue  (Detail)  
    

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