Learning to Look: The Elements of Art

Transcript

1. Learning  to  Look:    
   The  Elements  of  Design  
   Reading:  
   Ar,orms,  19-­‐57  
    
   Terms/Concepts:  
   Formal  Analysis,  Form,  Content,  
   RepresentaAve,  Non-­‐
   RepresentaAve,  Elements  of  
   Design,  Picture  Plane,  Picture  
   Frame,  Contrast,  Spectrum,  Color  
   Wheel,  Primary  Color,  Secondary  
   Color,  TerAary  Color,  Analogous,  
   Complement,  Split  Complement,  
   Triads,  Tetrads,  Tint,  Shade,  Tone,  
   SaturaAon,  Warm,  Cool,    
   Terms/Concepts:  
   ComposiAon,  Shape,  Line,  Mass,  
   Texture,  Color,  Geometric,  
   Organic,  Linear  PerspecAve,  
   Atmospheric  PerspecAve,  Implied  
   Line,  Contour  Line,  Light  Source,  
   Value,  AchromaAc,  Chiaroscuro,  
   

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2. Leonardo  da  Vinci,  The  Last  Supper,  1495-­‐1498  
   Form   Content  
   

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3. Form  is  the  totality  of  the  physical  and  visual  aspects  
   of  a  work  of  art.  
   Form   Content  
   

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4. Content  is  the  meaning  of  a  work  of  art.  
   Form   Content  
   

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5. What  is  Formal  Analysis?  
   Formal  Analysis  
   =  
   DescripAon  
   +  
   Analysis  
   A  descripAon  relates  what  you  see.  
   An  analysis  gives  meaning  or  insight  
   to  that  descripAon.  
   

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6. Physical  ProperAes  
   Dimensions:  14’5”  x  28’¼”  
   

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7. Physical  ProperAes  
   Medium:  Experimental  Fresco  Technique  
   

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8. Physical  ProperAes  
   LocaAon:  Refectory,  Santa  Maria  della  Grazie,  Milan,  Italy  
   

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9. RepresentaAonal  vs.  Non-­‐RepresentaAonal  
   Helen  Frankenthaler,  Nature  Abhors  a  Vacuum,  
   1973  
   William  Michael  Harne`,  Aaer  the  
   Hunt,  1883.  
   

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10. Shape  
    Mass  
    Space  
    Line  
    Color  
    Light  
    Texture  
    Elements  of  Design  
    Time  &  MoAon  
    

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11. The  “What”  
    

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12. Principles  of  Design  
    Unity/Variety  
    Balance  
    Emphasis/SubordinaAon  
    Scale/ProporAon  
    RepeAAon/Rhythm  
    

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13. The  “How”  
    

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14. What  are  we  looking  at?  
    Picture  Frame  
    

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15. What  are  we  looking  at?  
    Picture  Plane  
    

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16. Shape   Space  
    

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17. Shape   Space  
    an  element  of  art  that  creates  an  enclosed  space.  
    Geometric  
    Organic  
    

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18. Geometric  
    Organic  
    

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19. Shape   Space  
    the  area—implied  or  actual—in  or  around  shapes.  
    linear  perspecAve  
    overlapping  
    Atmospheric  Perspec6ve  
    

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20. Linear  PerspecAve  
    One-­‐Point  Perspec6ve  
    Two-­‐Point  Perspec6ve  
    Horizon  Line  
    Horizon  Line  
    Vanishing    
    Point  no.  1  
    Vanishing  Point  
    Vanishing    
    Point  no.  2  
    

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21. Atmospheric  PerspecAve  
    

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22. Space  in  the  3rd  Dimension  
    

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23. Useful  QuesAons  
    •  Is  the  image  representaAonal  or  non-­‐
    representaAonal?  
    •  What  types  of  shapes  do  you  see?    How  are  
    those  shapes  interacAng?  
    •  How  is  the  space  used?    Is  there  a  lot  “empty  
    space”?    
    •  Is  there  an  a`empt  to  create  depth?    If  so,  
    what  methods  are  used?  
    

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24. Mass  
    Line   Color  
    Light   Texture  
    

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25. Mass  
    Line   Color  
    Light   Texture  
    a  conAnuous  mark  between  two  points.  
    

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26. Mass  
    Line   Color  
    Light   Texture  
    a  line  that  defines  the  outermost  limits  of  a  shape.  
    contour  line  
    Contour  Line  
    

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27. Mass  
    Line   Color  
    Light   Texture  
    a  line  that  does  not  actually  exist  but  rather  is  implied  by  
    the  edges  of  shapes,  gazes,  gestures,  broken  lines,  etc.        
    Implied  Line  
    

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28. QualiAes  of  Line  
    

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29. QualiAes  of  Line  
    

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30. Useful  QuesAons  
    •  Is  line  an  important  aspect  of  this  image?  
    •  Are  the  lines  contour  or  implied?  
    •  Where  do  the  lines  in  the  composiAon  direct  
    your  eyes?  
    •  What  is  the  quality  of  the  lines  used?    Are  they  
    thick?    Thin?    Broken?  Straight?  Jagged?  
    •  What  “mood”  or  “feeling”  do  the  lines  create?    
    Do  they  create  a  mood?  
    

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31. Mass  
    Line   Color  
    Light   Texture  
    

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32. Mass  
    Line   Color  
    Light   Texture  
    

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33. Mass  
    Line   Color  
    Light   Texture  
    

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34. Mass  
    Line   Color  
    Light   Texture  
    

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35. Mass  
    Line   Color  
    Light   Texture  
    

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36. Mass  
    Line   Color  
    Light   Texture  
    the  effect  of  light  falling  on  an  on  the  shapes  
    represented  in  the  painAng.  
    

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37. How  Vision  Works  
    

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38. Value  
    

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39. Chiaroscuro    
    

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40. Effects  of  Light  
    

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41. Effects  of  Light  
    

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42. Effects  of  Light  
    

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43. Useful  QuesAons  
    •  Does  the  image  have  a  light  source?    If  so  is  the  light  
    source  on  the  picture  plane  or  beyond  the  picture  
    frame?  
    •  Is  the  light  source  convenAonal  (i.e.  a  lamp,  the  sun,  
    etc.)?  
    •  Is  the  quality  of  the  light  direct  or  indirect?    Is  the  light  
    harsh  or  soa?    Is  there  a  high  contrast  between  light  
    and  dark?  
    •  Could  the  light  have  some  kind  of  symbolic  
    component?  
    •  What  is  the  overall  impact  of  the  light  in  this  
    composiAon?  
     
    

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44. Mass  
    Line   Color  
    Light   Texture  
    

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45. Mass  
    Line   Color  
    Light   Texture  
    the  illusion  of  3-­‐dimensional  or  physical  weight  
    on  a  2-­‐dimensional  surface.  
    

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46. Elizabeth  Catle`,  
    Bread,  1962.  
    

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47. Johannes  Vermeer,  Girl  with  a  Pearl  Earring,  1665.  
    

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48. Useful  QuesAons  
    •  Do  the  shapes  in  this  composiAon  appear  to  
    have  a  three-­‐dimensional  quality?  
    •  Do  some  shapes  appear  to  be  “heavier”  than  
    others?  
    •  Do  areas  of  the  painAng  a`ract  your  a`enAon  
    more  than  others?  
    

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49. Mass  
    Line   Color  
    Light   Texture  
    

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50. Mass  
    Line   Color  
    Light   Texture  
    The  property  possessed  by  an  object  of  producing  different  
    sensaAons  on  the  eye  as  a  result  of  the  way  the  object  reflects  or  
    emits  light  
    

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51. How  Color  Works  
    Hue  
    

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52. How  Color  Works  
    

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53. How  Color  Works  
    

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54. How  Color  Works  
    

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55. Primary  
    

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56. Secondary  
    

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57. TerAary  
    

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58. Color  Schemes:  Complement  
    

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59. Color  Schemes:  Split  Complement  
    

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60. Color  Schemes:  Primary  Triad  
    

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61. Color  Schemes:  Secondary  Triad  
    

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62. Color  Schemes:  Tetrads  
    

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63. Color  Schemes:  Analogous  
    

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64. Color  Schemes:  MonochromaAc  
    

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65. Talking  about  Color:  Warm  vs.  Cool  
    Warm  
    Cool  
    

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66. Talking  about  Color:  Neutrals  
    

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67. Talking  about  Color:  Value  
    

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68. Talking  about  Color:  SaturaAon  
    

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69. Talking  about  Color:  Hues,  Tints,  Shades  and  Tones  
    Hue  
    

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70. Useful  QuesAons  
    •  What  colors  do  you  see  in  this  image?  
    •  Do  these  colors  appear  to  fit  it  into  a  specific  
    color  scheme?  
    •  Are  the  colors  light  or  dark?    Dull  or  bright?  
    Warm  or  cool?    
    •  Does  the  placement  of  color  group  any  figures  
    together?  Does  it  draw  your  a`enAon  to  any  
    place  on  the  picture  plane?  
    •  What  mood  do  the  colors  seem  to  promote?    
    Does  this  contradict  or  echo  the  mood  promoted  
    by  other  elements?  
    

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71. Mass  
    Line   Color  
    Light   Texture  
    

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72. Mass  
    Line   Color  
    Light   Texture  
    the  presence  of  surface—either  actual  or  simulated.    
    Actual  Texture  
    Simulated  Texture  
    

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73. Useful  QuesAons  
    •  Does  the  medium  of  this  work  create  a  
    disAncAve,  tacAlity?    Is  their  actual  texture?  
    •  Is  there  an  effort  to  create  the  illusion  of  texture?      
    •  What  textures  to  you  see?    Are  the  rough?  
    Smooth?  Wet?  Dry?  Soa?  Hard?  Hot?  Cold?  
    Strong?    Fragile?  
    •  How  does  texture  interact  with  the  other  
    elements  in  this  composiAon?  
    •  What  is  the  overall  impact  of  texture  in  this  
    image?  
    

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74. Mass  
    Line   Color  
    Light   Texture  
    

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75. Time    
    the  non-­‐spaAal  conAnuum,  the  fourth  dimension,  in  
    which  events  occur  in  succession.  
    MoAon  
    

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76. *SequenAal  NarraAve  is  the  grouping  of  key  
    monoscenic  episodes  to  convey  a  diachronic  narraAve.    
    Art  Spiegelman,  “The  War  is  Over!”  Maus,  
    Volume  1,  1986.    
    

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77. Masaccio,  The  Tribute  Money,  1425.  
    *  ConAnuous  NarraAve  uses  the  repeAAon  of  figures  to  
    convey  mulAple  scenes  of  a  story  in  a  single  composiAon.  
    Christ  tells  St.  Peter  to  retrieve  
    the  money  from  a  fish.  
    1.  
    St.  Peter  retrieves  
    the  money.  
    2.  
    St.  Peter  pays  the  
    tribute  collector.  
    3.  
    

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78. Time    
    movement  in  3-­‐D  space  that  is  either  actual  or  implied.  
    MoAon  
    

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81. Giacomo  Balla,  Abstract  Speed—The  Car  Has  Passed,  
    1913.  
    

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82. Gino  Severini,  Armored  Train,  1911-­‐1913.  
    

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83. Useful  QuesAons  
    •  Does  the  work  represent  a  narraAve?    Is  it  a  
    single  moment  or  several  moments?    What  
    moment(s)  does  the  arAst  choose?  
    •  Is  there  actual  or  implied  movement?    Are  figures  
    or  colors  distorted  to  imply  movement?  
    •  Does  the  work  require/impel  you  to  move?    How  
    does  your  eye  move?  
    •  Overall,  does  the  work  give  the  impression  of  
    sAllness  or  acAvity?      
    

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84. Time     MoAon  
    

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85. Leonardo  da  Vinci,  The  Last  Supper,  1495-­‐1498  
    Final  ObservaAons  
    

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86. Reminders!  
    •  Your  first  quiz  is  due  Tuesday  Feb.  5th  
    before  midnight  on  Blackboard.  
    •  Learning  to  Look  is  due  Thursday  Feb.  7th  
    in  class  or  on  Blackboard.  
    

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87. Fun  with  the  Elements  
    

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