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Integration testing with TestСontainers and JUnit 5
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Nikolay Kuznetsov
December 09, 2019
Programming
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Integration testing with TestСontainers and JUnit 5
Nikolay Kuznetsov
December 09, 2019
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Transcript
Integration testing with TestСontainers and JUnit 5 Nikolay Kuznetsov @nikolayk812
Helsinki JUG Zalando 9 December 2019
About me • Go developer at Zalando Wardrobe • 6+
years of Java experience • Conference speaker: ◦ Voxxed Days Cluj, Container Days Hamburg • TestContainers-Go contributor
Why integration testing?
2 unit tests, 0 integration tests
Basic integration test
Trade-offs Test Runtime
Integration testing evolution • In-memory mocking • Local DBs •
Vagrant • Docker / Docker Compose • Docker API
Docker advantages • 100% compatible database • Same version as
production • Empty or known state
Docker architecture
How to start a container for test? • Shell scripts
• Maven plugin • Docker Compose • Docker API • MiniKube, Kubernetes
Shell scripts
Maven plugins github.com/fabric8io/docker-maven-plugin
Docker Compose
Docker API docs.docker.com/engine/api/latest
Exec example
None
TestContainers flavors
TestContainers Java • github.com/testcontainers/testcontainers-java • Wraps docker-java library • Docker
environment discovery • Host port randomization • Containers clean up on JVM shutdown • Readiness waiting strategies
As simple as var redis = new GenericContainer("redis:5.0.6") .withExposedPorts(6379); var
postgres = new PostgreSQLContainer();
Docker environment discovery
Talking to Docker via UDS • curl --unix-socket /var/run/docker.sock http:/localhost/containers/json
• curl --unix-socket /var/run/docker.sock http:/localhost/networks
Host port randomization • To prevent port conflicts • Enables
parallel builds • API to get a host port
Containers cleanup https://github.com/testcontainers/moby-ryuk
Waiting strategies • Host port • HTTP • Log message
• Docker healthcheck • Combined / Custom
Host port waiting strategy • Default: at first exposed port
with timeout of 60s • Both from outside and inside container
Internal port check
HTTP waiting strategy • Status & response body predicate
Demo setup User Service
Demo scenario User Service INSERT INTO SELECT FROM
Demo github.com/nikolayk812/hjug-tc-demo
Demo recap • JUnit 5 Extension API • TestContainer modules
JUnit 5 extension points • Life-cycle callbacks • Conditional execution
• Parameter resolution • Exception handling
JUnit 5 extension logic • Implement interface(s) from o.j.j.api.extension package
◦ i.e. BeforeEachCallback, ExecutionCondition • Register with @ExtendsWith annotation • See @Testcontainers for reference
TestContainers modules • Preconfigured, optimized for testing • Wrappers on
top of GenericContainer class • 14 databases • MockServer, LocalStack, Kafka, ToxiProxy
Demo-2: setup User Service
Demo-2: Docker network User Service user-alias: 8083 postgres-alias: 5432 localhost:
32812
Demo-2: scenario User Service POST /users GET /user/<id>
Demo-2 github.com/nikolayk812/hjug-tc-demo
Demo-2: recap • Docker network and alias
Why end-to-end testing? • Business flows across multiple services •
Regression, when ◦ + new service ◦ - legacy service
Some cluster Spring Cloud Kubernetes
E2E strategies • Against a deployed cluster • Against on-demand
in memory cluster
Deployed cluster cons • Replace a service with a newer
version => instability • Temporary service name => non-discoverable • Unexpected databases states ◦ Care to clear data after the test?
On-demand cluster cons • Time to start all containers •
Memory + CPU • How actually to create it?
On-demand Kubernetes for E2E?
YAGNI
On-demand cluster TC approach • Each service started by TestContainers
• Shared Docker network • Functional tests • Unless testing Kubernetes manifests
E2E setup User Service Item Service
Hints • Host port forwarding Testcontainers.exposeHostPorts() • Fixed host port
(for remote debugging) GenericContainer.addFixedExposedPort() • Reusable containers github.com/testcontainers/testcontainers-java/issues/781
Takeaways • https://testcontainers.org • Balance between flexibility, speed and features
• Works on Mac, Linux, Windows • Great for integration tests! • Possible to use for end-to-end tests
Thank you! @nikolayk812 nikolayk812 nikolayk812