ã®æ°äººã®ååããPDP-7ã§ã²ãŒã ãå®è¡ããããã«ãããã·ã³ãã«ãªããŒãžã§ã³ã® Multicsãæžãããšã«æ±ºããã ⢠AT&T ã¯ã³ãŒãã®æš©å©ãæã£ãŠãããã©ã€ã»ã³ã¹ã¯é«äŸ¡ã§ãããä»ã®å€ãã®äŒæ¥ (DECãHPãIBMãSun) ãUnixããµãã©ã€ã»ã³ã¹ããç¬èªã®ããŒãžã§ã³ã販売ããŠããŸããã ⢠Unixã®äºçš®ã¯ç¬èªã®æ¡åŒµæ©èœãè¿œå ãããã°ãã°ãäºãã®ã¢ã€ãã¢ãåŠçã®ã¢ã€ãã¢ãççšããŠããŸããã BSD / GNU: ⢠äžæ¹ãUC ããŒã¯ã¬ãŒã§ã¯ãäœäººãã®åŠè
ãã©ã€ã»ã³ã¹ã®ç¶æ³ã«äžæºãæã¡ãAT&Tã®ã©ã€ã»ã³ã¹ã³ãŒããäžåå«ãŸãªã Unix ã®ããŒãžã§ã³ãäœãããšã«ããŸããã ⢠ããããŠ1980幎代åé ã«ã¯ã BSD (Berkeley Software Distribution) ã Unix ã®èªç±ãªå€åœ¢çãšãªããŸããã ⢠BSDã¯æåãPDP-11ãVAXenã®ãããªããã³ã³ãã¥ãŒã¿ã§åäœããŸããã ⢠äžæ¹ãæ±æµ·å²žã§ã¯ããªãã£ãŒãã»ã¹ããŒã«ãã³ãããªã³ã¿ãã©ã€ãã®ãœãŒã¹ã³ãŒããæã«å
¥ããããã«å€§éšãã«ãªããŸããã ⢠圌ã¯1983幎㫠GNU (GNUã¯Unixã§ã¯ãããŸãã)ãããžã§ã¯ããç«ã¡äžããèªç±ãª Unix ã«äŒŒããªãã¬ãŒãã£ã³ã°ã»ã·ã¹ãã ãäœãããšãæå³ããŸããã ⢠GNU ãããžã§ã¯ãã®å€ãã®ã³ã³ããŒãã³ãã¯ãçŸåšã®ãã¹ãŠã®èªç±ãªUnixãç¹ã«ã³ã³ãã€ã©GCCã«å«ãŸããŠããŸãã Linux: ⢠äžæ¹ããã£ã³ã©ã³ãã§ã¯ããªãŒãã¹ã»ããŒãã«ãº (Linus Torvalds) ã¯1991幎ã®å€ããããã³ã°ã«å€¢äžã«ãªããŸããã ⢠圌ã¯èªåã®PCçšã®ãªãã¬ãŒãã£ã³ã°ã»ã·ã¹ãã ãæžããããã linux ãšãããã£ã¬ã¯ããªã® FTP ãµãŒãã«çœ®ããŠå
±æããããšã«ããŸããã ⢠å€ãã®äººã
ã Linux ã«ãŒãã«ãå€ãã® GNU ããã°ã©ã ãX ãŠã£ã³ããŠã»ã·ã¹ãã ããã®ä»ã®èªç±ãœãããŠã§ã¢ãå«ããœãããŠã§ã¢ã»ãã£ã¹ããªãã¥ãŒã·ã§ã³ãäœæããŸããã ⢠ãããã®ãã£ã¹ããªãã¥ãŒã·ã§ã³ (Slackware, Debian, Red Hat, SUSE, Gentoo, Ubuntuãªã©) ã¯ã人ã
ãäžè¬çã«ãLinuxããšèšããšãã«åç
§ãããã®ã§ãã ⢠ã»ãšãã©ã®Linuxãã£ã¹ããªãã¥ãŒã·ã§ã³ã¯ã èªç±ã«çºèšã§ãããœãããŠã§ã¢ã§æ§æãããŠããŸãããèªç±ã«çºèšã§ãããœãããŠã§ã¢ãååšããªãå Žåã«ã¯ãããŒã«ã®ããã«èª ç±ã«çºèšã§ãããœãããŠã§ã¢ãå«ãŸããŠããããšããããããŸãã Others: ⢠çŸåšååšããä»ã® Unix ã«ã¯ãBSD ã®æ§ã
ãªãã©ãŒã¯ (FreeBSDãNetBSDãOpenBSD ããéžæã§ããŸããããããã¯ãã¹ãŠããªãŒã§ãªãŒãã³ã§ãããããéããŠéçºãã ãŠããŸã) ãããµãŒãã察象ãšããåæ¥çãªäºçš®ã®æ°ãå°ãªããªã£ãŠããŠããŸãã ⢠ããã²ãšã€ã®ãããã©ã€ãšã¿ãªãª Unix ããŒã¹ã®ãªãã¬ãŒãã£ã³ã°ã·ã¹ãã ã¯ã Apple ã®ãã¹ã¯ããããã©ããããããPDA äžã§åäœãã Mac OS X ã§ãã https://unix.stackexchange.com/questions/3196/evolution-of-operating-systems-from-unix/3202