純粋培養GraphQL / Pure GraphQL Architecture

GraphQL Tokyo #10
Links:
p11 https://speakerdeck.com/qsona/graphql-for-service-to-service-communication-protocol
p12 https://note.com/qsona/n/nfc73a8e82dff
p14 https://speakerdeck.com/qsona/graphql-changing-and-unchanging
p23, p28 https://www.apollographql.com/docs/apollo-server/features/schema-stitching/
p30, p31 https://www.apollographql.com/docs/apollo-server/federation/introduction/
p33 https://graphql-mesh.com/docs/getting-started/introduction/

Transcript

1. ७ਮഓཆGraphQL
   @qsona
   2020-08-28 GraphQL Tokyo #10
   

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2. whoami
   • @qsona
   • Web Engineer at Quipper Ltd
   • Microservices / Rails / Node.js / GraphQL
   

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3. લฤ: ৽نαʔϏε։ൃʹ͓͍ͯ
   બఆͨ͠ΞʔΩςΫνϟɾ

   ͦͷબఆཧ༝
   

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4. Զͨͪͷ৽نαʔϏε։ൃ
   • ࡞Δ΋ͷ: App (iOS/Android, Ұ෦ WebView) / Backend
   • (ৄࡉ͸·ͩඇެ։)
   • ن໛
   • Backend & Web Frontend devs: 6ਓ
   • Native devs: ~8ਓ͘Β͍
   • ظؒ: > 1೥
   

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5. ΞʔΩςΫνϟ (Phase 1)
   

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6. ΞʔΩςΫνϟ (Phase 2)
   

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7. શൠతʹ GraphQL
   • શͯͷ API ʹ GraphQL Λར༻͍ͯ͠Δ
   • Client - Gateway
   • Gateway - Backend
   • Backend - Backend
   • ७ਮഓཆ GraphQL ͱͰ΋ݺΜͰ͓͜͏
   

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8. ୡ੒͔ͨͬͨ͜͠ͱ
   • ॳख͔ΒαʔϏε෼ׂ (Microservices)
   • Schema-driven development
   • Backend ͸ Resource-based API Λอͭ
   

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9. (1) ॳख͔ΒαʔϏε෼ׂ (Microservices)
   • ৽ن "αʔϏε" ։ൃ ͕ͩɺ

   ׬શʹ৽ن"ࣄۀ"Ͱ͸ͳ͍
   • جຊతʹྑ͘஌͍ͬͯΔυϝΠϯͰɺ

   ίϯςΩετͱͦͷڥք͕ݟ͍͑ͯΔ
   • ͦͷڥքʹԊͬͨద੾ͳαʔϏε෼ׂΛ

   ॳख͔Β΍͓͖͍ͬͯͨ
   

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10. (1) ॳख͔ΒαʔϏε෼ׂ (Microservices)
    Microservices ߏ੒ʹ͢ΔͨΊʹ...
    • API Gateway ·ͨ͸ BFF (Backends for Frontends) ͷ૚͕ඞཁ
    • (͜ͷ2ͭͷҧ͍͸ॾઆ͋Δ͕ɺݸਓతͳ੔ཧͱͯ͠͸...)

    API Gateway: جຊతʹϏδωεϩδοΫΛॻ͔ͳ͍ɻόοΫΤϯυΤϯδχΞ͕։ൃ͢Δͷ͕Ұൠతɻ

    BFF: ΫϥΠΞϯτͷͨΊͷϏδωεϩδοΫΛॻ͘ɻΫϥΠΞϯτΤϯδχΞ͕։ൃ͢ΔͷΛਪ঑ɻ
    • αʔϏεؒͷAPI࿈ܞ͕ඞཁ
    

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11. (1) => ΞʔΩςΫνϟͱͷରԠ
    • API Gateway ύλʔϯΛ࠾༻
    • ͢΂ͯΛGraphQLʹ͢Δ͜ͱͰɺΠϯςάϨʔγϣϯΛ௿ίετʹ
    • => ޙ൒ͰਂೖΓ͢Δ
    • αʔϏεؒ௨৴΋ GraphQL Λར༻
    • ݱࡏ͸ Ruby on Rails => Node.js ͷΞΫηε
    • ॴײ: ͭͳ͗͜Έ͕͔ͳΓ҆ఆ͢Δ
    

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12. (2) Schema-driven development
    • GraphQL Schema Λத৺ʹɺ։ൃϑϩʔΛਐΊΔ
    • ๬֎ʹ͏·͍ͬͯ͘Δ
    • νʔϜͷΞδϦςΟΛ

    ߴΊΔޮՌ΋
    

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13. (3) Backend ͸ Resource-based API Λอͭ
    • ஫: ࡉ͔͗͢ΔϦιʔε΍ɺ

    ςʔϒϧ୯ҐͷϦιʔεΛఏڙ͢Δͱ͍͏ҙຯͰ͸ͳ͍
    • Ϧιʔεͷཻ౓ͷߟ࡯͸ඞཁ
    • ݸผͷ Usecase ͝ͱͷରԠΛ

    ͳΔ΂ͨ͘͘͠ͳ͍
    

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14. (3) Backend ͸ Resource-based API Λอͭ
    • GraphQL ͷ࠾༻ʹΑΓɺ

    Usecase-based API ͱͷྑ͍ͱ͜ΖऔΓ͕Ͱ͖Δ
    • ؆୯ʹݴ͏ͱ...

    Schema શମ͕ Resource Λද͠

    Query ͕ Usecase Λද͢
    • ৄ͘͠͸ӈͷࢿྉΛݟͯͶ!!
    

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15. ଞͷΞʔΩςΫνϟͱͷൺֱ
    • ७ਮഓཆ͡Όͳ͍GraphQLύλʔϯͱൺֱͯ͠ΈΔ
    • (a) GraphQL Gateway - REST/gRPC ύλʔϯ
    • (b) BFF (RPC) - GraphQL ύλʔϯ
    

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16. ଞͷΞʔΩςΫνϟͱͷൺֱ
    (a) GraphQL Gateway - REST/gRPC ύλʔϯ
    

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17. ଞͷΞʔΩςΫνϟͱͷൺֱ
    (a) GraphQL Gateway - REST/gRPC ύλʔϯ
    • ࢲݟ: Α΄Ͳͷཧ༝͕ͳ͚Ε͹

    ৽نαʔϏεͰબ୒͢Δཧ༝͕ͳ͍
    • Cons
    • Gateway Ͱϓϩτίϧม׵͢Δͷ͕໘౗
    • ݁ہɺ͋Δఔ౓͸

    Backend ͕ Usecase API Λ࡞Δඞཁ͕ग़ͯ͘Δ
    

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18. ଞͷΞʔΩςΫνϟͱͷൺֱ
    (b) BFF (RPC) - GraphQL ύλʔϯ
    

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19. ଞͷΞʔΩςΫνϟͱͷൺֱ
    (b) BFF (RPC) - GraphQL ύλʔϯ
    • ے͕ྑ͍ͱࢥ͍ͬͯΔ
    • Backend ͸ Resource-based API Λ࡞Γɺ

    Ϣʔεέʔε͔Βղ์͞ΕΔ
    • Client ͸ࣗ෼ͨͪͷϢʔεέʔεΛBFFʹ࣮૷Ͱ͖Δ
    • ࠓճ BFF Λ࠾༻͠ͳ͔ͬͨཧ༝
    • ΫϥΠΞϯτ΋όοΫΤϯυ΋ಉ͡νʔϜͰ։ൃ͍ͯ͘͠ͷͰɺ

    ม׵͢Δ૚͕ͦ͜·ͰඞཁʹͳΒͳ͍
    

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20. ޙฤ: GraphQL Gateway ͷ
    ໾ׂɾ࣮ݱํ๏
    

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21. GraphQL Gateway ͷ໾ׂ
    • schema Λ merge ͢Δ
    • Backend ͷෳ਺ͷ GraphQL Schema Λ·ͱΊͯදग़͠ɺ

    ϦΫΤετ͕དྷͨΒΫΤϦΛ෼ղͯ͠ޙΖʹྲྀ͢
    • (SQLతͳҙຯͷ) join ͢Δ
    • ΫϥΠΞϯτ޲͚ͷͪΐͬͱͨ͠ϩδοΫ
    • ೝূ / ͦͷଞ API Gateway ҰൠʹٻΊΒΕΔ໾ׂ
    

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22. GraphQL Gateway ͷ໾ׂ - merge
    Backends
    Gateway
    

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23. GraphQL Gateway ͷ໾ׂ - merge
    Backends
    Gateway
    merged schema
    

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24. GraphQL Gateway ͷ໾ׂ - merge
    Backends
    Gateway
    

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25. GraphQL Gateway ͷ໾ׂ - join
    Backends
    Gateway
    ^ ͜͜ʹ author: User!
    Λ௥Ճ͢Δ
    

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26. GraphQL Gateway ͷ࣮૷ख๏
    • Schema stitching (ݱࡏར༻த)
    • Apollo Federation
    • GraphQL Mesh
    

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27. Schema stitching ͷػೳ
    • mergeSchema
    • delegateSchema
    • join ʹ࢖͑Δ (Ұखؒͷ࣮૷͕ඞཁ)
    • transformSchema
    • Schema ΛมߋͰ͖Δ (ϦωʔϜͳͲ)
    

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28. Schema stitching
    merge schema join
    

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29. Schema stitching ͷӡ༻ྫ
    

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30. Apollo Federation ࣮૷ - backends
    ଞαʔϏεͷSchemaΛ֦ுͯ͠ɺ
    ࣗαʔϏεʹؔ࿈͢ΔfieldΛੜ΍͍ͯ͠Δ
    

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31. Apollo Federation ࣮૷ - gateway
    શͯͷ৘ใ͸
    Backend schema ʹ͋ΔͷͰɺ
    Gateway ͸ͨͩಡΈࠐΉ͚ͩ
    

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32. Apollo Federation
    • Schema stitching ͱͷҧ͍
    • Schema stitching ͸ Gateway server ͕ओମతʹू໿͍ͯ͘͠
    • Federation ͸ ֤ Backend servers ʹએݴతʹɺ

    ू໿ͷ৘ใΛશͯهड़͢Δ
    

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33. GraphQL Mesh
    • GraphQL API ͚ͩͰͳ͘ɺRESTful (OpenAPI) ΍ gRPC ͳͲ΋
    ू໿͢Δ͜ͱ͕Ͱ͖Δ
    • (࣌ؒͷؔ܎Ͱলུ)
    

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34. Mesh ͷҙຯ
    • Schema stitching ͸͋͘·Ͱ࣮૷Ͱ͋Δɻ
    • Federation / GraphQL Mesh ͸ɺू໿ͷํ๏ͷએݴͰ͋Γɺ
    Gateway Server ͕ඞਢͰ͸ͳ͍
    • Service to Service ͷ৔߹͸ɺ௚઀ෳ਺αʔϏεΛୟ͍ͯू໿
    Ͱ͖Δɻ
    

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35. Զͨͪͷ৽نαʔϏεʹ͓͚Δ༧ఆ
    • ͜Ε·Ͱ ... Schema stitching Ͱ࣮૷ΛਐΊͨ
    • ࣍ͷ൒ظ ... Apollo Federation ͷௐࠪͱಋೖΛ͍ͨ͠
    • ͞Βʹ࣍ͷ൒ظ ...

    طଘͷ RESTful / gRPC API ͱ΋ܨ͗͜ΜͰ͍͘

    => GraphQL Mesh ΛτϥΠͯ͠Έ͍ͨ
    

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36. Thank you for listening!
    • We're hiring!
    • ొ৔ͨ͠ϦϯΫ͸ Speaker Deck ͷ֓ཁཝʹ

    ͢΂ͯࡌ͓͖ͤͯ·͢
    

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