Vagrant and Ansible: A love story

My talk "vagrant + ansible: A love story" will introduce the audience not yet familiar with vagrant to this wonderfull tool which aims at "Create[ing] and configur[ing] lightweight, reproducible, and portable development environments". This will include a short overview over the architecture of vagrant and the different use cases. Two different ways of using ansible with vagrant will be discussed together with pro's and con's of both. Best practices of working withvagrant and ansible will be described.

Transcript

1. Ansible and Vagrant
   A love story
   AnsibleFest London, 2015
   http://pixabay.com/get/f72f42c0c92d9ee12bc3/1422473642/cloud-600224_1920.jpg
   @Sgoettschkes
   

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2. http://pixabay.com/get/5c603ff58720250803c9/1422648022/forest-438432_1280.jpg
   

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3. http://pixabay.com/get/3489448873097c5aa562/1422648090/apple-195628_1280.jpg
   

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4. “It works on my machine”
   

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5. “It’s all in SETUP.md”
   

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6. Enter vagrant
   

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7. Building blocks
   Configuration
   + Provider
   + Base Boxes
   + Provisioner
   + Plugins
   = Vagrant
   http://pixabay.com/static/uploads/photo/2010/12/10/08/salad-1105_640.jpg
   

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8. Configuration
   Vagrant.configure(2) do |config|
   config.vm.box = "Sgoettschkes/debian7-ansible"
   config.vm.network "private_network", ip: "127.0.0.101"
   config.vm.synced_folder "../", "/srv/workspace"
   config.vm.provision "ansible" do |ansible|
   ansible.playbook = "playbook.yml"
   end
   end
   

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9. Providers
   

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10. Base Boxes
    Base Boxes
    ● Image from VM
    ● Provider-specific
    ● Distribution through
    ○ HTTP
    ○ “Atlas”
    http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/91/Shipping_containers_at_Clyde.jpg
    

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11. Provisioners
    

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12. Provisioners
    

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13. Plugins
    # AWS provider
    $ vagrant plugin install vagrant-aws
    # Boxen provisioner
    $ vagrant plugin install ventriloquist
    # Executing on the host
    $ vagrant plugin install vagrant-hostmanager
    # Executing on the guest
    $ vagrant plugin install vagrant-camera
    

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14. Synced folders
    http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/5d/BalticServers_data_center.jpg
    # Vagrantfile
    config.vm.synced_folder
    "~/local/path/to/project", # on host
    "/opt/project" # on guest
    

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15. SSH
    http://pixabay.com/static/uploads/photo/2013/04/08/22/48/tunnel-101976_640.jpg
    $ vagrant ssh
    # or
    $ ssh -p 2222 vagrant@localhost
    # with password “vagrant”
    

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16. Example
    $ tree
    .
    |-- .git
    |-- .vagrant
    |-- playbook.yml
    |-- Vagrantfile
    

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17. Example
    $ cat Vagrantfile
    Vagrant.configure(2) do |config|
    config.vm.box = "Sgoettschkes/debian7-ansible"
    config.vm.network "private_network", ip: "127.0.0.101"
    config.vm.provision "ansible" do |ansible|
    ansible.playbook = "playbook.yml"
    end
    end
    

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18. Example
    $ cat Vagrantfile
    Vagrant.configure(2) do |config|
    config.vm.box = "Sgoettschkes/debian7-ansible"
    config.vm.network "private_network", ip: "127.0.0.101"
    config.vm.provision "ansible" do |ansible|
    ansible.playbook = "playbook.yml"
    end
    end
    

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19. Example
    $ cat Vagrantfile
    Vagrant.configure(2) do |config|
    config.vm.box = "Sgoettschkes/debian7-ansible"
    config.vm.network "private_network", ip: "127.0.0.101"
    config.vm.provision "ansible" do |ansible|
    ansible.playbook = "playbook.yml"
    end
    end
    

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20. Example
    $ cat Vagrantfile
    Vagrant.configure(2) do |config|
    config.vm.box = "Sgoettschkes/debian7-ansible"
    config.vm.network "private_network", ip: "127.0.0.101"
    config.vm.provision "ansible" do |ansible|
    ansible.playbook = "playbook.yml"
    end
    end
    

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21. Example
    $ cat playbook.yml
    ---
    hosts: all
    tasks:
    - name: update apt
    apt: update_cache=yes
    - name: install git
    apt: pkg=git state=latest
    

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22. More
    dependencies,
    anyone?
    https://www.dropbox.com/s/xdeyi95buvofdxy/169H.jpg
    

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23. Better example
    $ tree
    .
    |-- .git
    |-- .vagrant
    |-- hosts
    |-- playbook.yml
    |-- Vagrantfile
    

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24. Better example
    $ tree
    .
    |-- .git
    |-- .vagrant
    |-- hosts
    |-- playbook.yml
    |-- Vagrantfile
    

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25. Better example
    $ cat hosts
    localhost ansible_connection=local
    

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26. Better example
    Vagrant.configure(2) do |config|
    # ...
    config.vm.provision "shell",
    inline: "cp /vagrant/hosts /etc/ansible/hosts"
    if Vagrant.has_plugin?("vagrant-ansible-local”)
    config.vm.provision "ansibleLocal", playbook: "playbook.yml"
    else
    config.vm.provision "shell",
    inline: "ansible-playbook /vagrant/playbook.yml"
    end
    

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27. Better example
    Vagrant.configure(2) do |config|
    # ...
    config.vm.provision "shell",
    inline: "cp /vagrant/hosts /etc/ansible/hosts"
    if Vagrant.has_plugin?("vagrant-ansible-local”)
    config.vm.provision "ansibleLocal", playbook: "playbook.yml"
    else
    config.vm.provision "shell",
    inline: "ansible-playbook /vagrant/playbook.yml"
    end
    

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28. Better example
    Vagrant.configure(2) do |config|
    # ...
    config.vm.provision "shell",
    inline: "cp /vagrant/hosts /etc/ansible/hosts"
    if Vagrant.has_plugin?("vagrant-ansible-local”)
    config.vm.provision "ansibleLocal", playbook: "playbook.yml"
    else
    config.vm.provision "shell",
    inline: "ansible-playbook /vagrant/playbook.yml"
    end
    

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29. Better example
    Vagrant.configure(2) do |config|
    # ...
    config.vm.provision "shell",
    inline: "cp /vagrant/hosts /etc/ansible/hosts"
    if Vagrant.has_plugin?("vagrant-ansible-local”)
    config.vm.provision "ansibleLocal", playbook: "playbook.yml"
    else
    config.vm.provision "shell",
    inline: "ansible-playbook /vagrant/playbook.yml"
    end
    

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30. http://freehddesktopwallpaper.info/wp-content/uploads/2013/06/Blue-Flowers-hd-Wallpapers.jpg
    Basic workflow
    

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31. Basic workflow
    $ vagrant init Sgoettschkes/debian7-ansible
    $ vagrant up
    # box is booting
    $ vagrant ssh
    # It’s actually a normal, headless VM!
    $ exit
    

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32. Basic workflow
    $ vim Vagrantfile
    # change config
    # add provisioners and so on
    $ git init
    $ git commit -Am ‘I am using Vagrant now!’
    # Keep the Vagrantfile and files needed for provisioning
    # in git (or any other scm) to share with others
    

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33. Basic workflow
    $ git clone git@github.com:awesomecompany/awesomeVm.git
    $ cd awesomeVm && vagrant up
    # VM is setup the same as on your co-workers machine
    # You can now work on your project
    

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34. Basic workflow
    # Co-worker updated Vagrantfile/provisioning files
    $ git pull --rebase
    $ vagrant provision
    # VM is up to date again
    

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35. Basic workflow
    # You wanna change some Vagrant related stuff
    $ vim Vagrantfile
    # Change it!
    $ vim playbook.yml
    # Change something here as well, maybe?
    $ vagrant provision
    # Your box is up to date again
    $ git commit -am ‘Incredible changes’ && git push
    

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36. http://www.gratisography.com/pictures/114_1.jpg
    Playbook
    testing?
    

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37. Testing playbooks
    Vagrant.configure(2) do |config|
    config.vm.box = "Sgoettschkes/debian7"
    config.vm.define "web1" do |web1|
    web1.vm.network "private_network", ip: "192.168.1.150"
    end
    config.vm.define "db1" do |db1|
    db.vm.network "private_network", ip: "192.168.1.151"
    end
    end
    

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38. Testing playbooks
    Vagrant.configure(2) do |config|
    config.vm.box = "Sgoettschkes/debian7"
    config.vm.define "web1" do |web1|
    web1.vm.network "private_network", ip: "192.168.1.150"
    end
    config.vm.define "db1" do |db1|
    db.vm.network "private_network", ip: "192.168.1.151"
    end
    end
    

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39. Testing playbooks
    Vagrant.configure(2) do |config|
    config.vm.box = "Sgoettschkes/debian7"
    config.vm.define "web1" do |web1|
    web1.vm.network "private_network", ip: "192.168.1.150"
    end
    config.vm.define "db1" do |db1|
    db.vm.network "private_network", ip: "192.168.1.151"
    end
    end
    

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40. Testing playbooks
    $ cat testing
    [webservers]
    192.168.1.150 ansible_ssh_user=vagrant ansible_ssh_private_key=path/to/key
    [dbservers]
    192.168.1.151 ansible_ssh_user=vagrant ansible_ssh_private_key=path/to/key
    

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41. Testing playbooks
    $ cat testing
    [webservers]
    192.168.1.150 ansible_ssh_user=vagrant ansible_ssh_private_key=path/to/key
    [dbservers]
    192.168.1.151 ansible_ssh_user=vagrant ansible_ssh_private_key=path/to/key
    

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42. Testing playbooks
    $ cat testing
    [webservers]
    192.168.1.150 ansible_ssh_user=vagrant ansible_ssh_private_key=path/to/key
    [dbservers]
    192.168.1.151 ansible_ssh_user=vagrant ansible_ssh_private_key=path/to/key
    

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43. Testing playbooks
    $ vagrant destroy --force && vagrant up
    # Now you have freshly setup machines
    # Run your playbooks like you would for staging/production
    $ ansible-playbook -i testing site.yml
    # Maybe run a testscript
    $ ./test_setup.sh
    

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44. https://www.dropbox.com/s/mfmusz1qjotilbs/2H.jpg
    Best practices
    

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45. Base Boxes
    The fewer, the better
    

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46. Provisioning
    Idempotent
    

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47. Provisioning
    One step
    

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48. Provisioning
    # Bad:
    $ vagrant up
    $ install software x
    $ run script y
    $ create z
    

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49. Provisioning
    # Good:
    $ vagrant up
    

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50. Vms per Developer
    The fewer, the better
    (again)
    

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51. http://nos.twnsnd.co/image/108652898544
    What else is
    there?
    

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52. Vagrant share
    $ vagrant share
    # Your VM is now accessible through a public url
    # You can go back doing awesome work!
    

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53. Vagrant push
    config.push.define "ftp" do |push|
    push.dir = "/srv/workspace"
    push.host = "ftp.awesomeCompany.com"
    end
    

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54. Vagrant push
    config.push.define "local-exec" do |push|
    push.script = "deploy.sh"
    end
    

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55. Vagrant
    “Development environments
    made easy”
    http://fc02.deviantart.net/fs50/i/2009/315/4/c/Tweaked_toy_airplane_by_afd.jpg
    

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56. https://www.dropbox.com/s/6z5aiwa8l09g2pa/86H.jpg
    

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