App startup time with Dynamic/Static frameworks

Transcript

1. ©2019 Wantedly, Inc.
   App startup time
   with Dynamic/Static frameworks
   try! Swift Pre Talk 2019
   Mar 19, 2019 - @ShotaKashihara
   

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2. ©2019 Wantedly, Inc.
   Shota Kashihara
   ɾWantedly People
   ɾiOS

   ɾSwift/Double base
   ɾTwitter: @oakland76
   ɾGitHub: @ShotaKashihara
   

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3. ©2019 Wantedly, Inc.
   ɾXcode ͱ Frameworks ͷྺ࢙
   ɾΞϓϦͷىಈͱ Frameworks ͷؔ܎
   ɾFrameworks ͷߏ੒Λߟ͑Δ
   ࠓ೔࿩͢͜ͱ
   

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4. ©2019 Wantedly, Inc.
   Xcode ͱ Frameworks ͷྺ࢙
   

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5. ©2019 Wantedly, Inc.
   Xcode ͱ Frameworks ͷྺ࢙
   Dynamic/Static Framework Λ ͓͞Β͍
   

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6. ©2019 Wantedly, Inc.
   Xcode ͱ Frameworks ͷྺ࢙
   Xcode 5 #2013೥
   ɹɾOnly Static Library (Obj-C)
   Dynamic/Static Framework Λ ͓͞Β͍
   

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7. ©2019 Wantedly, Inc.
   Xcode ͱ Frameworks ͷྺ࢙
   Xcode 5 #2013೥
   ɹɾOnly Static Library (Obj-C)
   Xcode 6 #2014೥
   ɹɾSupport embedded frameworks (Dynamic Library)
   Dynamic/Static Framework Λ ͓͞Β͍
   

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8. ©2019 Wantedly, Inc.
   Xcode ͱ Frameworks ͷྺ࢙
   Xcode 5 #2013೥
   ɹɾOnly Static Library (Obj-C)
   Xcode 6 #2014೥
   ɹɾSupport embedded frameworks (Dynamic Library)
   Xcode 9 #2017೥
   ɹɾSupport static library with Swift
   ɹɹɾCocoa Pods (v1.5.0), Carthage (v0.30.1) ʹͯ ରԠࡁ
   Dynamic/Static Framework Λ ͓͞Β͍
   

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9. ©2019 Wantedly, Inc.
   Dynamic/Static Framework
   

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10. ©2019 Wantedly, Inc.
    Framework
    ֦ுࢠ .framework
    ɾϥΠϒϥϦ
    ɾ(όϯυϧ)
    ɹɾNib
    ɹɾը૾
    ɹɾϔομʔϑΝΠϧ
    ͳͲΛ·ͱΊͨϑΥϧμ
    Dynamic/Static Framework
    

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11. ©2019 Wantedly, Inc.
    Dynamic Framework
    .framework
    ɾಈతϥΠϒϥϦ (.dylib, or ֦ுࢠͳ͠)
    ɹΛؚΜͩ Framework
    Dynamic/Static Framework
    

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12. ©2019 Wantedly, Inc.
    Dynamic Framework
    .framework
    ɾಈతϥΠϒϥϦ (.dylib, or ֦ுࢠͳ͠)
    ɹΛؚΜͩ Framework
    ɾArchive
    ɹɾ/Frameworks/ ഑Լʹ
    ɹɹ.framework ͷ··ίϐʔ
    Dynamic/Static Framework
    

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13. ©2019 Wantedly, Inc.
    Static Framework
    .framework
    ɾ੩తϥΠϒϥϦ (.a, or ֦ுࢠͳ͠)
    ɹΛؚΜͩ Framework
    Dynamic/Static Framework
    

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14. ©2019 Wantedly, Inc.
    Static Framework
    .framework
    ɹ
    ɾArchive
    ɹɾ੩తϥΠϒϥϦ͸ίϯύΠϧ࣌ʹ੩తϦϯΧʹΑͬͯɺ
    ɹɹ࣮ߦՄೳϑΝΠϧʹؚ·ΕΔ(୯ҰͷϑΝΠϧʹͳΔ)
    ɹɾϦιʔεϑΝΠϧ͸ΞϓϦέʔγϣϯ഑Լʹίϐʔͯ͠ɺ
    ɹɹ࣮ߦՄೳϑΝΠϧ͔Βݟ͑Δঢ়ଶʹ͢Δඞཁ͋Γ
    Dynamic/Static Framework
    ← Static Library ͸ίϯύΠϧͰ
    ࣮ߦՄೳϑΝΠϧͷҰ෦ʹͳΔ
    ɾ੩తϥΠϒϥϦ (.a, or ֦ுࢠͳ͠)
    ɹΛؚΜͩ Framework
    

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15. ©2019 Wantedly, Inc.
    Dynamic Library ͷ 2ͭͷಛ௃
    ɾDynamic Linking
    ɾDynamic Loading
    Dynamic/Static Framework
    

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16. ©2019 Wantedly, Inc.
    Dynamic Linking
    ɾΞϓϦ࣮ߦ࣌ʹϦϯΫ͕ߦΘΕΔ͜ͱ
    ɾ࣮ߦՄೳϑΝΠϧΛখ͘͞อͭ͜ͱ͕Ͱ͖Δ
    Dynamic/Static Framework
    

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17. ©2019 Wantedly, Inc.
    Dynamic Loading
    ɾ`dlopen()`
    ɾΞϓϦىಈ࣌Ͱ͸ͳ͘ɺඞཁͳͱ͖ʹϩʔυΛ࢝ΊΔ͜ͱ͕Ͱ͖Δ
    ɾiOS Ͱ͸࢖͍ͬͯΔ৔໘Λ͋·Γݟͨ͜ͱ͕ͳ͍
    Dynamic/Static Framework
    

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18. ©2019 Wantedly, Inc.
    ΞϓϦͷىಈʹ͸Ͳ͏͍͏ϑϩʔ͕͋Δ͔
    

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19. ©2019 Wantedly, Inc.
    exec() to main()
    

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20. ©2019 Wantedly, Inc.
    exec() to main()
    ΞϓϦ্ཱ͕͕ͪΔ·ͰʹཪଆͰى͖͍ͯΔ͜ͱ
    ※ WWDC 2016 (Optimizing App Startup Time) ʹͯݴٴ͞ΕͨςʔϚ
    exec() to main()
    

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21. ©2019 Wantedly, Inc.
    exec()
    1. Kernel maps your application into new address space
    2. Kernel loads helper program
    3. Dyld runs in-process
    exec() to main()
    

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22. ©2019 Wantedly, Inc.
    exec()
    1. Kernel maps your application into new address space
    2. Kernel loads helper program
    3. Dyld runs in-process
    exec() to main()
    

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23. ©2019 Wantedly, Inc.
    exec()
    1. Kernel maps your application into new address space
    2. Kernel loads helper program
    3. Dyld runs in-process
    exec() to main()
    

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24. ©2019 Wantedly, Inc.
    exec()
    1. Kernel maps your application into new address space
    2. Kernel loads helper program
    3. Dyld runs in-process
    exec() to main()
    

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25. ©2019 Wantedly, Inc.
    exec()
    1. Kernel maps your application into new address space
    2. Kernel loads helper program
    3. Dyld runs in-process
    Dyld: ࣮ߦ࣌ʹ dynamic library ΛಡΈࠐΉϓϩηεͷ͜ͱ
    exec() to main()
    

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26. ©2019 Wantedly, Inc.
    Dyld Steps
    1. Map all dependent dylibs, recurse
    2. Rebase all images
    3. Bind all images
    4. ObjC prepare images
    5. Run initializers
    exec() to main()
    

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27. ©2019 Wantedly, Inc.
    Dyld Steps
    1. Map all dependent dylibs, recurse
    2. Rebase all images
    3. Bind all images
    4. ObjC prepare images
    5. Run initializers
    exec() to main()
    

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28. ©2019 Wantedly, Inc.
    Dyld Steps
    1. Map all dependent dylibs, recurse
    2. Rebase all images
    3. Bind all images
    4. ObjC prepare images
    5. Run initializers
    exec() to main()
    

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29. ©2019 Wantedly, Inc.
    Dyld Steps
    1. Map all dependent dylibs, recurse
    2. Rebase all images
    3. Bind all images
    4. ObjC prepare images
    5. Run initializers
    exec() to main()
    ͜ΕΒ͕ Dynamic Framework ͷ਺͚ͩ࠶ؼ͢Δ
    

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30. ©2019 Wantedly, Inc.
    Dyld Steps
    ͜͜ʹͲΕ͘Β͍ͷ͕͔͔͍࣌ؒͬͯΔ͔ΛݟΔ
    exec() to main()
    

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31. ©2019 Wantedly, Inc.
    DYLD_PRINT_STATISTICS
    exec() to main()
    

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32. ©2019 Wantedly, Inc.
    DYLD_PRINT_STATISTICS
    exec() to main()
    ΞϓϦΛ্ཱͪ͛Δͱ main() ·Ͱʹ Dyld ʹ͔͔͕ͬͨ࣌ؒදࣔ
    

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33. ©2019 Wantedly, Inc.
    exec() to main()
    ɾΞϓϦͷىಈ࣌ʹ Dyld ͕࠶ؼతʹ Framework ΛϝϞϦʹ഑ஔ͢Δ
    ɾDynamic Framework ͷ਺͚ͩΦʔόʔϔου͕૿͑Δ
    ɹ
    exec() to main()
    

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34. ©2019 Wantedly, Inc.
    exec() to main()
    ɾΞϓϦͷىಈ࣌ʹ Dyld ͕࠶ؼతʹ Framework ΛϝϞϦʹ഑ஔ͢Δ
    ɾDynamic Framework ͷ਺͚ͩΦʔόʔϔου͕૿͑Δ
    ɹ
    ɹˠ ෳ਺ͷ Dynamic Frameworks Λ Static Library ͱͯ͠Ϗϧυͯ͠ɺ
    ɹɹ ͦΕΒΛ·ͱΊͨ Dynamic Frameworks Λ࡞Δ
    exec() to main()
    

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35. ©2019 Wantedly, Inc.
    ΞϓϦ ͷߏ੒
    Domain.framework
    Main.app
    Watch.app
    C.framework
    B.framework
    (3rd party)
    A.framework
    

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36. ©2019 Wantedly, Inc.
    ΞϓϦ ͷߏ੒
    Domain.framework
    Main.app
    Watch.app
    Umbrella frameworks
    C.framework
    B.framework
    (3rd party)
    A.framework
    

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37. ©2019 Wantedly, Inc.
    ΞϓϦ ͷߏ੒
    Domain.framework
    Main.app
    Watch.app
    Umbrella frameworks
    C.framework
    B.framework
    (3rd party)
    A.framework
    Static linking
    

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38. ©2019 Wantedly, Inc.
    ·ͱΊ
    

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39. ©2019 Wantedly, Inc.
    Summary
    ɾDynamic frameworks ͕૿͑Δͱ Dyld ͷίετ͕͔͔Δ
    ɾΞϓϦͷىಈ଎౓͕ؾʹͳͬͨΒ DYLD_PRINT_STATISTICS ΦϓγϣϯͰ
    ɹDynamic Library ͷϩʔυʹ͔͔͍ͬͯΔ࣌ؒΛݟͯΈΑ͏
    ɾDynamic frameworks Λ Static Frameworks ʹஔ͖׵͑ͯ
    ɹDyld ͷίετΛݮΒ͢͜ͱ΋બ୒ࢶͷҰͭ
    App startup time with Dynamic/Static frameworks
    

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40. ©2019 Wantedly, Inc.
    Have a nice try! Swift day
    

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