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Varnish or Nginx? - DPC13

Varnish or Nginx? - DPC13

The slides for my "Reverse caching proxies: Varnish or Nginx?" talk at Dutch PHP Conference 2013 in Amsterdam.

Thijs Feryn

June 07, 2013
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  1. server%{ listen%%%%%%%80; server_name%%nginx3proxy.dev; %%root%%%/home/data/www; %%access_log%%/var/log/nginx/access.log; %%access_log%%/var/log/nginx/error.log; %%location%/%{ %%index%%index.php; %%} location%~%\.php$%{

    fastcgi_split_path_info%^(.+\.php)(/.+)$; fastcgi_pass%127.0.0.1:9000; fastcgi_index%index.php; include%fastcgi_params; fastcgi_param%%SCRIPT_FILENAME%%%$request_filename; fastcgi_cache%%%fastcgi3cache; fastcgi_cache_valid%%%200%302%%1h; fastcgi_cache_key%"$scheme://$host$request_uri"; %%} }
  2. POST, DELETE & PUT cookies & auth headers set-cookie headers

    cache ttl <= 0 vary “*” Varnish will not cache
  3. 4+05:26:25 Hitrate%ratio:%%%%%%%10%%%%%%100%%%%%%254 Hitrate%avg:%%%%%0.8486%%%0.7619%%%0.7285 %%%%%1760818%%%%%%%%%6.99%%%%%%%%%4.82%client_conn%3%Client%connections%accepted %%%%11088687%%%%%%%%25.96%%%%%%%%30.36%client_req%3%Client%requests%received %%%%%8042715%%%%%%%%11.98%%%%%%%%22.02%cache_hit%3%Cache%hits %%%%%2609561%%%%%%%%11.98%%%%%%%%%7.15%cache_miss%3%Cache%misses %%%%%%%47104%%%%%%%%%1.00%%%%%%%%%0.13%backend_conn%3%Backend%conn.%success %%%%%%%%%610%%%%%%%%%0.00%%%%%%%%%0.00%backend_fail%3%Backend%conn.%failures %%%%%2998265%%%%%%%%12.98%%%%%%%%%8.21%backend_reuse%3%Backend%conn.%reuses

    %%%%%%%12081%%%%%%%%%0.00%%%%%%%%%0.03%backend_toolate%3%Backend%conn.%was%closed %%%%%3010356%%%%%%%%13.98%%%%%%%%%8.24%backend_recycle%3%Backend%conn.%recycles %%%%%%%%%%13%%%%%%%%%0.00%%%%%%%%%0.00%backend_retry%3%Backend%conn.%retry %%%%%%%%%520%%%%%%%%%0.00%%%%%%%%%0.00%fetch_head%3%Fetch%head %%%%%2857965%%%%%%%%11.98%%%%%%%%%7.83%fetch_length%3%Fetch%with%Length %%%%%%151309%%%%%%%%%2.00%%%%%%%%%0.41%fetch_chunked%3%Fetch%chunked %%%%%%%%4404%%%%%%%%%0.00%%%%%%%%%0.01%fetch_close%3%Fetch%wanted%close %%%%%%%%%676%%%%%%%%%0.00%%%%%%%%%0.00%fetch_failed%3%Fetch%failed %%%%%%%31164%%%%%%%%%0.00%%%%%%%%%0.09%fetch_304%3%Fetch%no%body%(304) %%%%%%%%%220%%%%%%%%%%.%%%%%%%%%%%%.%%%n_sess_mem%3%N%struct%sess_mem %%%%%%%%%%53%%%%%%%%%%.%%%%%%%%%%%%.%%%n_sess%3%N%struct%sess %%%%%%%29540%%%%%%%%%%.%%%%%%%%%%%%.%%%n_object%3%N%struct%object %%%%%%%29561%%%%%%%%%%.%%%%%%%%%%%%.%%%n_objectcore%3%N%struct%objectcore %%%%%%%%5058%%%%%%%%%%.%%%%%%%%%%%%.%%%n_objecthead%3%N%struct%objecthead %%%%%%%%2613%%%%%%%%%%.%%%%%%%%%%%%.%%%n_waitinglist%3%N%struct%waitinglist %%%%%%%%%%%3%%%%%%%%%%.%%%%%%%%%%%%.%%%n_vbc%3%N%struct%vbc %%%%%%%%%%22%%%%%%%%%%.%%%%%%%%%%%%.%%%n_wrk%3%N%worker%threads %%%%%%%%1789%%%%%%%%%0.00%%%%%%%%%0.00%n_wrk_create%3%N%worker%threads%created
  4. %%%11%SessionOpen%%c%12.12.12.1%53727%:80 %%%11%ReqStart%%%%%c%12.12.12.1%53727%1401010767 %%%11%RxRequest%%%%c%GET %%%11%RxURL%%%%%%%%c%/ %%%11%RxProtocol%%%c%HTTP/1.1 %%%11%RxHeader%%%%%c%Host:%12.12.12.6 %%%11%RxHeader%%%%%c%User3Agent:%Mozilla/5.0%(Macintosh;%Intel%Mac%OS%X%10.8;%rv:17.0)% Gecko/20100101%Firefox/17.0 %%%11%RxHeader%%%%%c%Accept:%text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,*/ *;q=0.8

    %%%11%RxHeader%%%%%c%Accept3Language:%nl,en;q=0.7,fr3be;q=0.3 %%%11%RxHeader%%%%%c%Accept3Encoding:%gzip,%deflate %%%11%RxHeader%%%%%c%Connection:%keep3alive %%%11%VCL_call%%%%%c%recv%lookup %%%11%VCL_call%%%%%c%hash %%%11%Hash%%%%%%%%%c%/ %%%11%Hash%%%%%%%%%c%12.12.12.6 %%%11%VCL_return%%%c%hash %%%11%VCL_call%%%%%c%miss%fetch %%%11%Backend%%%%%%c%13%default%default %%%11%TTL%%%%%%%%%%c%1401010767%RFC%0%31%31%1357920021%0%1357920020%0%0 %%%11%VCL_call%%%%%c%fetch %%%11%TTL%%%%%%%%%%c%1401010767%VCL%120%31%31%1357920021%30 %%%11%VCL_return%%%c%hit_for_pass %%%11%ObjProtocol%%c%HTTP/1.1 %%%11%ObjResponse%%c%OK %%%11%ObjHeader%%%%c%Date:%Fri,%11%Jan%2013%16:00:20%GMT %%%11%ObjHeader%%%%c%Server:%Apache %%%11%ObjHeader%%%%c%X3Powered3By:%PHP/5.3.231ubuntu4.18 %%%11%ObjHeader%%%%c%Cache3Control:%no3cache,%no3store,%max3age=0 Client&
  5. %%%11%VCL_return%%%c%hit_for_pass %%%11%ObjProtocol%%c%HTTP/1.1 %%%11%ObjResponse%%c%OK %%%11%ObjHeader%%%%c%Date:%Fri,%11%Jan%2013%16:00:20%GMT %%%11%ObjHeader%%%%c%Server:%Apache %%%11%ObjHeader%%%%c%X3Powered3By:%PHP/5.3.231ubuntu4.18 %%%11%ObjHeader%%%%c%Cache3Control:%no3cache,%no3store,%max3age=0 %%%11%ObjHeader%%%%c%Vary:%Accept3Encoding %%%11%ObjHeader%%%%c%Content3Encoding:%gzip %%%11%ObjHeader%%%%c%Content3Length:%119

    %%%11%ObjHeader%%%%c%Content3Type:%text/html %%%11%Gzip%%%%%%%%%c%u%F%3%119%336%80%80%887 %%%11%VCL_call%%%%%c%deliver%deliver %%%11%TxProtocol%%%c%HTTP/1.1 %%%11%TxStatus%%%%%c%200 %%%11%TxResponse%%%c%OK %%%11%TxHeader%%%%%c%Server:%Apache %%%11%TxHeader%%%%%c%X3Powered3By:%PHP/5.3.231ubuntu4.18 %%%11%TxHeader%%%%%c%Cache3Control:%no3cache,%no3store,%max3age=0 %%%11%TxHeader%%%%%c%Vary:%Accept3Encoding %%%11%TxHeader%%%%%c%Content3Encoding:%gzip %%%11%TxHeader%%%%%c%Content3Type:%text/html %%%11%TxHeader%%%%%c%Content3Length:%119 %%%11%TxHeader%%%%%c%Accept3Ranges:%bytes %%%11%TxHeader%%%%%c%Date:%Fri,%11%Jan%2013%16:00:20%GMT %%%11%TxHeader%%%%%c%X3Varnish:%1401010767 %%%11%TxHeader%%%%%c%Age:%0 %%%11%TxHeader%%%%%c%Via:%1.1%varnish %%%11%TxHeader%%%%%c%Connection:%keep3alive %%%11%Length%%%%%%%c%119 %%%11%ReqEnd%%%%%%%c%1401010767%1357920020.712090731%1357920020.727306366%0.000087738% Client&
  6. %%%13%BackendClose%3%default %%%13%BackendOpen%%b%default%127.0.0.1%51597%127.0.0.1%8080 %%%13%TxRequest%%%%b%GET %%%13%TxURL%%%%%%%%b%/ %%%13%TxProtocol%%%b%HTTP/1.1 %%%13%TxHeader%%%%%b%Host:%12.12.12.6 %%%13%TxHeader%%%%%b%User3Agent:%Mozilla/5.0%(Macintosh;%Intel%Mac%OS%X%10.8;%rv:17.0)% Gecko/20100101%Firefox/17.0 %%%13%TxHeader%%%%%b%Accept:%text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,*/ *;q=0.8

    %%%13%TxHeader%%%%%b%Accept3Language:%nl,en;q=0.7,fr3be;q=0.3 %%%13%TxHeader%%%%%b%X3Forwarded3For:%12.12.12.1 %%%13%TxHeader%%%%%b%X3Varnish:%1401010767 %%%13%TxHeader%%%%%b%Accept3Encoding:%gzip %%%13%RxProtocol%%%b%HTTP/1.1 %%%13%RxStatus%%%%%b%200 %%%13%RxResponse%%%b%OK %%%13%RxHeader%%%%%b%Date:%Fri,%11%Jan%2013%16:00:20%GMT %%%13%RxHeader%%%%%b%Server:%Apache %%%13%RxHeader%%%%%b%X3Powered3By:%PHP/5.3.231ubuntu4.18 %%%13%RxHeader%%%%%b%Cache3Control:%no3cache,%no3store,%max3age=0 %%%13%RxHeader%%%%%b%Vary:%Accept3Encoding %%%13%RxHeader%%%%%b%Content3Encoding:%gzip %%%13%RxHeader%%%%%b%Content3Length:%119 %%%13%RxHeader%%%%%b%Content3Type:%text/html %%%13%Fetch_Body%%%b%4(length)%cls%0%mklen%1 %%%13%Length%%%%%%%b%119 %%%13%BackendReuse%b%default Backend&
  7. list%length%20 %%%107.57%RxHeader%%%%%%%User3Agent:%Mozilla/5.0%(Windows%NT%6.1;%W %%%101.96%RxHeader%%%%%%%User3Agent:%Mozilla/5.0%(Windows%NT%6.1;%W %%%%82.49%RxHeader%%%%%%%User3Agent:%Mozilla/4.0%(compatible;%MSIE% %%%%69.90%RxHeader%%%%%%%User3Agent:%Mozilla/5.0%(compatible;%MSIE% %%%%64.04%RxHeader%%%%%%%User3Agent:%Mozilla/5.0%(Windows%NT%6.1;%W %%%%43.74%RxHeader%%%%%%%User3Agent:%Mozilla/4.0%(compatible;%MSIE% %%%%22.01%RxHeader%%%%%%%User3Agent:%Mozilla/5.0%(iPod;%U;%CPU%iPho %%%%21.43%RxHeader%%%%%%%User3Agent:%Mozilla/4.0%(compatible;%MSIE% %%%%19.86%RxHeader%%%%%%%User3Agent:%Mozilla/5.0%(X11;%Linux%x86_64

    %%%%15.47%RxHeader%%%%%%%User3Agent:%Mozilla/5.0%(Windows%NT%6.1;%W %%%%12.96%RxHeader%%%%%%%User3Agent:%Mozilla/5.0%(Windows%NT%6.1;%W %%%%%4.87%RxHeader%%%%%%%User3Agent:%Mozilla/4.0%(compatible;%MSIE% %%%%%2.97%RxHeader%%%%%%%User3Agent:%Mozilla/5.0%(compatible;%MSIE% %%%%%2.75%RxHeader%%%%%%%User3Agent:%Mozilla/5.0%(Windows%NT%6.1;%W %%%%%2.56%RxHeader%%%%%%%User3Agent:%Mozilla/5.0%(Windows%NT%6.1;%r %%%%%0.97%RxHeader%%%%%%%User3Agent:%Mozilla/5.0%(Windows;%U;%Windo %%%%%0.86%RxHeader%%%%%%%User3Agent:%Mozilla/5.0%(iPhone;%CPU%iPhon %%%%%0.83%RxHeader%%%%%%%User3Agent:%Mozilla/5.0%(Windows;%U;%Windo %%%%%0.53%RxHeader%%%%%%%User3Agent:%Mozilla/5.0%(compatible;%Googl %%%%%0.44%RxHeader%%%%%%%User3Agent:%Mozilla/4.0%(compatible;)
  8. 1

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  11. %%%11%SessionOpen%%c%12.12.12.1%53727%:80 %%%11%ReqStart%%%%%c%12.12.12.1%53727%1401010767 %%%11%RxRequest%%%%c%GET %%%11%RxURL%%%%%%%%c%/ %%%11%RxProtocol%%%c%HTTP/1.1 %%%11%RxHeader%%%%%c%Host:%12.12.12.6 %%%11%RxHeader%%%%%c%User3Agent:%Mozilla/5.0%(Macintosh;%Intel%Mac%OS%X%10.8;%rv:17.0)% Gecko/20100101%Firefox/17.0 %%%11%RxHeader%%%%%c%Accept:%text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,*/ *;q=0.8

    %%%11%RxHeader%%%%%c%Accept3Language:%nl,en;q=0.7,fr3be;q=0.3 %%%11%RxHeader%%%%%c%Accept3Encoding:%gzip,%deflate %%%11%RxHeader%%%%%c%Connection:%keep3alive %%%11%VCL_call%%%%%c%recv%lookup %%%11%VCL_call%%%%%c%hash %%%11%Hash%%%%%%%%%c%/ %%%11%Hash%%%%%%%%%c%12.12.12.6 %%%11%VCL_return%%%c%hash %%%11%VCL_call%%%%%c%miss%fetch %%%11%Backend%%%%%%c%13%default%default %%%11%TTL%%%%%%%%%%c%1401010767%RFC%0%31%31%1357920021%0%1357920020%0%0 %%%11%VCL_call%%%%%c%fetch %%%11%TTL%%%%%%%%%%c%1401010767%VCL%120%31%31%1357920021%30 %%%11%VCL_return%%%c%hit_for_pass %%%11%ObjProtocol%%c%HTTP/1.1 %%%11%ObjResponse%%c%OK %%%11%ObjHeader%%%%c%Date:%Fri,%11%Jan%2013%16:00:20%GMT %%%11%ObjHeader%%%%c%Server:%Apache %%%11%ObjHeader%%%%c%X3Powered3By:%PHP/5.3.231ubuntu4.18 %%%11%ObjHeader%%%%c%Cache3Control:%no3cache,%no3store,%max3age=0 Got&it?&
  12. sub%vcl_recv%{ %%%%%%%%if%(req.request%==%"PURGE")%{ ban("req.http.host%==%"%+%req.http.host%+%"% &&%req.url%==%"%+%req.url); error%200%"Banned"; %%%%%%%%} } Ban sub%vcl_recv%{ %%%%%%%%if%(req.request%==%"PURGE")%{

    %%%%%%%%%%%%ban("req.http.host%==%"%+%req.http.host%+% "%&&%req.url%~%"%+%req.url); error%200%"Banned"; %%%%%%%%} } Ban&URL& pattern Ban&URL Name& doesn’t& matter
  13. probe healthcheck { .url = "/status.php"; .interval = 60s; .timeout

    = 0.3 s; .window = 8; .threshold = 3; .initial = 3; .expected_response = 200; } backend www { .host = "www.example.com"; .port = "http"; .probe = healthcheck; } Probes
  14. backend%one%{ %%%.host%=%“localhost”; %%%.port%=%“80”; } backend%two%{ %%%.host%=%“127.0.0.1”; %%%.port%=%“81”; } director%localhosts%random%{ %%%%{%.backend%=%one;%.weight=4;}

    %%%%{%.backend%=%two;%.weight=6;} %%%%{%.backend%=%{% %%%%%%%%%%%%.host%=%“localhost”;% %%%%%%%%%%%%.port%=%“82”;% %%%%%%%%}% %%%%} } sub%vcl_recv%{ %%%%set%req.backend%=%localhosts; } Random
  15. upstream backend { ip_hash; server backend1.example.com weight=2; server backend2.example.com; server

    backend3.example.com down; server backend4.example.com; } server { location / { proxy_pass http://backend; } } IP&hash
  16. <html> <body> <table> <tr> <td colspan="2" > <?php include('header.php') ?>

    </td> </tr> <tr> <td><?php include('menu.php') ?></td> <td><?php include('main.php') ?></td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" > <?php include('footer.php') ?> </td> </tr> </table> </body> </html>
  17. <html> <body> <table> <tr> <td colspan="2" > <esi:include src="/header.php" />

    </td> </tr> <tr> <td><esi:include src="/menu.php" /></td> <td><esi:include src="/main.php" /></td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" > <esi:include src="/footer.php" /> </td> </tr> </table> </body>
  18. <?php function esi($file){ if(isset($_SERVER['Surrogate-Capability']) && preg_match('/^(.+)="ESI/1.0$/',$_SERVER['Surrogate-Capability'])){ header("Surrogate-Control: content='ESI/1.0'"); $url =

    'http://'. $_SERVER['HTTP_HOST'].substr($_SERVER['SCRIPT_NAME'], 0,1+strrpos($_SERVER['SCRIPT_NAME'],'/')).$file; echo "<esi:include src=\"$url\" />".PHP_EOL; } else { include($file); } } ESI#PHP#helper#func9on
  19. <?php include('esi.php'); ?> <html> <body> <table> <tr> <td colspan="2" >

    <?php echo esi('header.php'); ?> </td> </tr> <tr> <td><?php echo esi('menu.php'); ?></td> <td><?php echo esi('main.php'); ?></td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" > <?php echo esi('footer.php'); ?> </td> </tr> </table> </body> </html>
  20. SSL