Next-Generation Cloud Native Apps with Spring Boot 3

The recent release of Spring Boot 3 laid the foundation for the next generation of modern Java applications. This session will highlight what’s new, and demonstrate hands-on patterns and techniques for cloud native development.

Support for generating native executables with GraalVM is now part of the core framework, making it straightforward to build efficient applications with instant startup time and reduced memory consumption. The new Java 17 baseline and support for Jakarta EE 10 unlock many new features and integrations.

Observability is now a core tenet of the Spring ecosystem, with monitoring and tracing built into each Spring module and powered by Micrometer and OpenTelemetry. Finally, developer experience gets a significant boost with the new development services based on Docker Compose and Testcontainers.

Transcript

1. Thomas Vitale
   GOTO Aarhus
   May 23rd, 2023
   Next-Generation
   Cloud Native Apps
   with Spring Boot 3
   @vitalethomas
   

   View Slide

2. Systematic
   • Software Engineer and Cloud
   Architect.
   
   • Author of “Cloud Native Spring
   in Action” (Manning).
   
   • OSS contributor (Java, Spring,
   Cloud Native Technologies)
   Thomas Vitale
   thomasvitale.com @vitalethomas
   

   View Slide

3. Spring
   @vitalethomas
   

   View Slide

4. thomasvitale.com @vitalethomas
   https://spring.io
   @vitalethomas
   

   View Slide

5. Java 17
   @vitalethomas
   

   View Slide

6. Java 8 -> 11 -> 17
   Performance improvements
   @vitalethomas
   Java 8
   ‣Startup: 3.784 s
   
   
   ‣Max heap used: 113 MiB
   
   
   ‣Committed heap: 177 MiB
   Java 11
   ‣Startup: 2.204 s
   
   
   ‣Max heap used: 43 MiB
   
   
   ‣Committed heap: 74 MiB
   Java 17
   ‣Startup: 1.776 s
   
   
   ‣Max heap used: 37 MiB
   
   
   ‣Committed heap: 55 MiB
   

   View Slide

7. Deployment
   @vitalethomas
   

   View Slide

8. Packaging Spring Boot
   JAR & Container Image
   JAR
   Container Image
   Gradle
   
   
   bootJar
   Maven
   
   
   spring-boot:repackage
   Gradle
   
   
   bootBuildImage
   Maven
   
   
   spring-boot:build-image
   @vitalethomas
   

   View Slide

9. “Friends don’t let friends write Dockerfiles!”
   - Josh Long
   @vitalethomas
   

   View Slide

10. Dockerfiles
    “Dockerfiles are easy to write, but the current
    development guidelines do not produce
    containers that are repeatable and hardened.”
    
    CNCF Software Supply Chain Security Paper
    https://github.com/cncf/tag-security/tree/main/supply-chain-security
    @vitalethomas
    

    View Slide

11. Image
    pack build
    Cloud Native Buildpacks
    From source code to container image
    @vitalethomas
    

    View Slide

12. Native Images
    @vitalethomas
    

    View Slide

13. Spring Boot 3 and Native Executables
    The bene
    fi
    ts of GraalVM
    Instant
    
    Startup
    Low
    
    Resource
    
    Usage
    Instant
    
    Peak
    
    Performance
    @vitalethomas
    Reduced
    
    Surface
    
    Attack
    Compact
    
    Packaging
    

    View Slide

14. Spring Boot 3 and Native Executables
    The downsides of GraalVM
    Slower
    
    Heavier
    
    Build
    Additional
    con
    fi
    guration
    might be
    needed
    @vitalethomas
    

    View Slide

15. Data Persistence
    @vitalethomas
    

    View Slide

16. Data Integration
    Spring Data for Relational Databases
    Spring Data JPA
    ‣JPA & Hibernate
    
    
    ‣Repositories
    
    
    ‣JDBC
    Spring Data JDBC
    ‣DDD Principles
    
    
    ‣Repositories
    
    
    ‣JDBC
    Spring Data R2DBC
    ‣DDD Principles
    
    
    ‣Repositories
    
    
    ‣R2DBC
    @vitalethomas
    

    View Slide

17. Data Integration
    Spring Data for Relational Databases
    Spring Data JPA
    ‣JPA & Hibernate
    
    
    ‣Repositories
    
    
    ‣JDBC
    Spring Data Relational
    ‣DDD Principles
    
    
    ‣Repositories
    
    
    ‣JDBC/R2DBC
    @vitalethomas
    

    View Slide

18. Schema and data management
    Flyway: Version control for your database
    SQL Migrations
    
    
    Schema changes
    Java Migrations
    
    
    Data changes
    V1 Init schema
    V2 Add column
    V3 Create table
    V4 Add constraint
    time
    @vitalethomas
    

    View Slide

19. Testing
    @vitalethomas
    

    View Slide

20. Testing Spring Boot
    Types of auto tests for Spring Boot applications
    Unit Tests
    ‣JUnit
    
    
    ‣Mockito
    
    
    ‣No Spring context
    Integration Tests
    ‣@SpringBootTest
    
    
    ‣Web server
    
    
    ‣Full Spring context
    Slice Tests
    ‣@SpringWebMvc
    
    
    ‣@SpringDataR2dbc
    
    
    ‣Sliced Spring context
    @vitalethomas
    

    View Slide

21. Testcontainers
    Development and testing with external dependencies
    OCI containers
    Run external
    dependencies as
    
    
    OCI containers
    Data Layer Tests
    Ensure environment
    parity by testing the data
    layer with the real
    database
    Integration Tests
    Use containers for
    databases, message
    queues, and web servers
    @vitalethomas
    

    View Slide

22. Jakarta EE 10
    @vitalethomas
    

    View Slide

23. From Java EE to Jakarta EE
    New package names since Jakarta EE 9
    import javax.persistence.Entity;
    import javax.servlet.Servlet;
    import javax.validation.Valid;
    @vitalethomas
    import jakarta.persistence.Entity;
    import jakarta.servlet.Servlet;
    import jakarta.validation.Valid;
    

    View Slide

24. https://docs.openrewrite.org @vitalethomas
    

    View Slide

25. Observability
    @vitalethomas
    

    View Slide

26. Spring Observability
    Production-grade features
    Spring Boot Actuator
    ‣Health (liveness and readiness)
    
    
    ‣Metrics (Prometheus, OpenMetrics)
    
    
    ‣Flyway, Thread Dumps, Heap Dumps
    Micrometer
    ‣Uni
    fi
    ed Observation API
    
    
    ‣Instrumentation for metrics and traces
    
    
    ‣OpenZipkin, OpenTelemetry
    @vitalethomas
    

    View Slide

27. grafana.com @vitalethomas
    

    View Slide

28. Declarative Clients
    @vitalethomas
    

    View Slide

29. Problem Details
    @vitalethomas
    

    View Slide

30. https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc7807 @vitalethomas
    

    View Slide

31. Resources
    @vitalethomas
    

    View Slide

32. https://github.com/ThomasVitale/spring-boot-next-gen-apps
    

    View Slide

33. https://github.com/ThomasVitale/awesome-spring
    

    View Slide

34. Thomas Vitale
    GOTO Aarhus
    May 23rd, 2023
    Next-Generation
    Cloud Native Apps
    with Spring Boot 3
    @vitalethomas
    

    View Slide