From Whence Rubygems

A talk about where Rubygems come from? How they make their way from the internet (and other places) and into our programs.

Transcript

1. Rubygems From Whence
2. + Where do gems come from? + Where are gems installed to? + How do gems get onto the load path?
3. + RVM gemsets + rbenv gemsets + Bundler
4. Tim Uruski Developer tim@PetroFeed.com
5. Where do Gems Come From?
6. When a developer and some code love each other very much...
7. $ gem install hola
8. Fetching: hola-0.1.3.gem (100%) Successfully installed hola-0.1.3 Parsing documentation for hola-0.1.3 Installing ri documentation for hola-0.1.3 1 gem installed
9. https://rubygems.org
10. $ gem install hola --source http://localhost:8808
11. $ gem sources --add http://localhost:8808
12. https://gems.github.com https://gems.rubyforge.org https://gemcutter.org https://rubygems.org
13. $ gem sources --remove https://rubygems.org $ gem sources --add http://ruby.taobao.org
14. $ gem sources *** CURRENT SOURCES *** https://rubygems.org http://localhost:8808
15. .gemrc
16. --- :backtrace: false :bulk_threshold: 1000 :sources: - https://rubygems.org - http://localhost:8808 :update_sources: true :verbose: true
17. $ gem install hola --config custom.yml
18. local .gem
19. $ gem install hola.gem $ gem install /path/to/hola.gem
20. $ rake install hola $ gem install hola-0.1.3.gem
21. Git source
22. rubygems/lib/rubygems/source/git.rb # A git gem for use in a gem dependencies file.
23. $ gem install specific_install $ gem specific_install git@github.com:qrush/hola.git $ gem specific_install qrush/hola
24. Where are Gems installed to?
25. $ gem env home > /home/timuruski/.gem/ruby/2.0 > /usr/lib/ruby/gems/2.0 ! $ ruby -e "puts Gem.dir" > /home/timuruski/.gem/ruby/2.0 > /usr/lib/ruby/gems/2.0
26. $ gem install hola --install-dir ~/gems
27. gems ├── build_info ├── cache │ └── hola-0.1.3.gem ├── doc ├── extensions ├── gems │ └── hola-0.1.3 │ └── lib │ └── hola.rb └── specifications └── hola-0.1.3.gemspec
28. GEM_HOME
29. $ GEM_HOME=~/gems gem install hola
30. $ export GEM_HOME=~/gems $ gem install hola
31. $ export GEM_HOME=~/tmp $ gem install hola --install-dir ~/gems
32. WARNING
33. How do Gems get onto the load path?
34. require 'hola'
35. $ ruby -e "puts $:" > /usr/lib/ruby/2.0 ! $ ruby -e "require 'hola'; puts $:" > /usr/lib/ruby/gems/2.0/gems/hola-0.1.3/lib > /usr/lib/ruby/2.0
36. $ gem env path > /usr/lib/ruby/gems/2.0 > /home/timuruski/.gem/ruby/2.0 ! $ ruby -e "puts Gem.path" > /usr/lib/ruby/gems/2.0 > /home/timuruski/.gem/ruby/2.0
37. GEM_PATH
38. WARNING
39. GEM_HOME GEM_PATH
40. RVM gemsets
41. .rvm ├── bin ├── ... ├── gemsets └── scripts ├── ... ├── selector ├── selector_gemset └── ...
42. # .rvm/scripts/selector export GEM_HOME GEM_PATH MY_RUBY_HOME RUBY_VERSION IRBRC GEM_HOME="$rvm_ruby_gem_home" GEM_PATH="$rvm_ruby_gem_path"
43. GEM_HOME
44. # .rvm/scripts/selector_gemset rvm_ruby_gem_home= "${rvm_gems_path:-"$rvm_path/gems"}/ $rvm_ruby_string" rvm_ruby_gem_home= "${rvm_ruby_gem_home} ${rvm_gemset_separator:-"@"} ${rvm_gemset_name}"
45. GEM_PATH
46. # .rvm/scripts/selector_gemset if [[ "$rvm_gemset_name" == "global" ]] then rvm_ruby_gem_path="${rvm_ruby_gem_home}" else rvm_ruby_gem_path="${rvm_ruby_gem_home}:¶ ${rvm_ruby_global_gems_path}" fi
47. ~/.rvm/environments
48. echo " -->> ENVIRONMENT: $*" export PATH="/home/timuruski/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.0.0-p353@demo/bin:/home/timuruski/.rvm/gems/ ruby-2.0.0-p353@global/bin:/home/vagrant/.rvm/rubies/ruby-2.0.0-p353/bin:$PATH" export GEM_HOME='/home/timuruski/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.0.0-p353@demo' export GEM_PATH='/home/timuruski/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.0.0-p353@demo:/home/vagrant/.rvm/gems/ ruby-2.0.0-p353@global' export MY_RUBY_HOME='/home/timuruski/.rvm/rubies/ruby-2.0.0-p353' export IRBRC='/home/timuruski/.rvm/rubies/ruby-2.0.0-p353/.irbrc' unset MAGLEV_HOME unset RBXOPT
49. rbenv gemsets
50. rbenv-gemset ├── bin ├── etc │ └── rbenv.d │ ├── exec │ │ └── gemset.bash │ ├── rehash │ │ └── gemset.bash │ └── which │ └── gemset.bash └── libexec
51. # .rbenv-gemsets example default
52. GEM_HOME
53. # rbenv-gemset/etc/rbenv.d/exec/gemset.bash unset GEM_HOME for gemset in $(rbenv-gemset active); do path="${RBENV_GEMSET_ROOT}/$gemset" if [ -z "$GEM_HOME" ]; then GEM_HOME="$path" fi done
54. $ echo $GEM_HOME > ! $ gem env home > ~/.rbenv/versions/2.0.0/gemsets/example ! $ ruby -e "puts ENV['GEM_HOME']" > ~/.rbenv/versions/2.0.0/gemsets/example
55. GEM_PATH
56. # rbenv-gemset/etc/rbenv.d/exec/gemset.bash unset GEM_PATH for gemset in $(rbenv-gemset active); do path="${RBENV_GEMSET_ROOT}/$gemset" GEM_PATH="$GEM_PATH:$path" done
57. $ echo $GEM_PATH > ! $ gem env path > ~/.rbenv/versions/2.0.0/gemsets/example > ~/.rbenv/versions/2.0.0/gemsets/default ! $ ruby -e "puts ENV['GEM_PATH']" > ~/.rbenv/versions/2.0.0/gemsets/example > ~/.rbenv/versions/2.0.0/gemsets/default
58. WARNING
59. Bundler
60. lib ├── bundler │ ├── capistrano.rb │ ├── cli.rb │ └── ... ├── ... └── bundler.rb
61. $ bundle install --path vendor/bundle $ bundle config path vendor/bundle
62. GEM_HOME
63. # lib/bunder.rb ENV['GEM_HOME'] = File .expand_path(bundle_path, root) Bundler.rubygems.clear_paths
64. GEM_PATH
65. # lib/bundler.rb possibles = [Bundler.rubygems.gem_dir, Bundler.rubygems.gem_path] paths = possibles.flatten.compact.uniq .reject { |p| p.empty? } ENV["GEM_PATH"] = paths .join(File::PATH_SEPARATOR)
66. # lib/bundler/dependency.rb class Dependency < Gem::Dependency attr_reader :autorequire attr_reader :groups ... end
67. # lib/bundler/endpoint_specification.rb class EndpointSpecification < ¶ Gem::Specification include MatchPlatform end
68. # lib/bundler/gem_installer.rb class GemInstaller < Gem::Installer def check_executable_overwrite(filename) # Bundler needs to install gems # regardless of binstub overwriting end end
69. # lib/bundler/rubygems_integration.rb class RubygemsIntegration ... class << self attr_reader :rubygems end end
70. # lib/bundler/rubygems_integration.rb if RubygemsIntegration.provides?(">= 1.99.99") @rubygems = RubygemsIntegration::Future.new elsif RubygemsIntegration.provides?('>= 1.8.20') @rubygems = RubygemsIntegration::MoreModern.new elsif RubygemsIntegration.provides?('>= 1.8.5') @rubygems = RubygemsIntegration::Modern.new elsif RubygemsIntegration.provides?('>= 1.8.0') @rubygems = RubygemsIntegration::AlmostModern.new elsif ...
71. Bundler is big.
72. Rubygems provides the backbone to many tools
73. Thank you