Upgrade to Pro — share decks privately, control downloads, hide ads and more …

Decentralized ID とWebの未来

Tomoaki Imai
September 30, 2023

Decentralized ID とWebの未来

Tsumugi DAOの勉強会で話した、次世代のアイデンティティ技術である DIDやSelf-Sovereign Identity や、それらの技術を包括したフレームワークである Web5 に関する資料です

Tomoaki Imai

September 30, 2023
Tweet

More Decks by Tomoaki Imai

Other Decks in Technology

Transcript

  1. • Co-founder & CTO at Noxx • ೔ຊIBM(3೥)ɺϝϧΧϦ(4೥)ɺSNSܥελʔτΞο ϓ(3೥)Λܦͯ2021೥ΑΓىۀ •

    ࠷ۙ͸ϒϩοΫνΣʔϯ΍҉߸ٕज़Λத৺ʹ։ൃ • 2016೥͔ΒϝϧΧϦUSͷ্ཱͪ͛ʹͱ΋ͳ͍ถࠃ γϦίϯόϨʔʹҠॅ twitter: @tomoaki_imai γεςϜ։ൃ γεςϜΤϯδχΞ ϞόΠϧEίϚʔε SWE => ςοΫϦʔυ Web3🤝Web2 CTO SNSαʔϏε ςοΫϦʔυ => CTO ࣄۀྖҬ: ৬छ: 2010 2014 2018 2021
  2. ࠓ೔ͷτϐοΫ • Web3/CryptoͷϑΣʔζ • ࣍ੈ୅ͷΞΠσϯςΟςΟٕज़ • Decentralized ID (SSI, ෼ࢄܕID)

    • Self-Sovereign Identity (SSI, ࣗݾओݖΞΠσϯςΟςΟ) • Web5 - SSIΛج൫ͱ͢Δ෼ࢄܕωοτϫʔΫɾϓϩτίϧ
  3. 2010೥୅~ͷID؅ཧ • ᴈ໌ظ(1980೥୅-1990೥୅લ൒) • ݚڀ༻్ɺωοτϫʔΫ͸খ͘͞ɺօ͕஌Γ߹͍ • ීٴظ(1990೥୅ޙ൒ - 2000೥୅) •

    ωοτϫʔΫͷ֦େɻਓʑ͸IDͱύεϫʔυ؅ཧʹ຋࿔͞ΕΔ • web2.0(2010೥୅ - ) • ιʔγϟϧϩάΠϯ(FIM)ɺSSOͳͲIDϓϩτίϧͷൃల • αʔυύʔςΟґଘʹΑΔϙʔλϏϦςΟͷܽ೗ • αʔϏε͕ऴΘΔͱID΍σʔλ΋ফ͑Δ • ӡӦʹΑΔΞΧ΢ϯτౚ݁/࡟আ WebʹΞΠσϯςΟςΟ૚͕ͳ͍ͨΊʹى͖ͨ͜ͱ
  4. Self Sovereign Identity(SSI)ͷొ৔ • ࣗݾओݖ = ୈࡾऀ(αʔϏεɺࠃɺݖྗ)ʹґଘ͠ͳ͍ • ୈࡾऀͱͷؔ܎ʹΑΓΞΠσϯςΟςΟΛߏங͢Δ =

    தԝDBΛ࣋ͨͳ͍ ࣗݾओݖܕΞΠσϯςΟςΟ ࢲ ߦ੓ αʔϏε A ༑ਓ - ߦ੓͔Βͷ৴༻ʹج͖ͮαʔϏε Aͷೝূ͢Δ - ߦ੓ͷ୅ΘΓʹαʔϏε Bͷ৘ใΛར༻͢Δ - αʔϏε BͰೝূ͍ͨ͠༑ਓͷূ໌Λ͢Δ αʔϏε B • ωοτϫʔΫͰ෼ࢄԽ͞ΕͨIDΛDID(Decentralized ID෼ࢄܕࣝผࢠ)ͱݺͿ
  5. ͳͥϒϩοΫνΣʔϯ͕ඞཁ? • ֤ΤϯςΟςΟ(ਓɺ૊৫ɺ෺)ͷؔ܎ੑͰωο τϫʔΫΛߏங • ֤ΤϯςΟςΟؒͷ΍ΓͱΓͷվ͟Μ๷ࢭ • ୭Ͱ΋ωοτϫʔΫΛ࢖͑Δ • ୈࡾऀ͕հࡏ͠ͳ͍

    Self Sovereign Identity p.9ΑΓൈਮ τϥετϨε 🤝 ෼ࢄωοτϫʔΫ 🕸 ҉߸伴ʹΑΔిࢠॺ໊🔐 ύʔϛογϣϯϨε 🙆
  6. SSIͷϢʔεέʔε: ۜߦޱ࠲։ઃ • ֤ॴͰͷຊਓ֬ೝ • ۜߦଆʹશͯͷ৘ใ͕ ౉Δ • खଓ͖ͷ൥ࡶ͞ɺ଴ͪ ࣌ؒ

    ຊਓূ໌ॻྨ… ళ಄Ͱ… ͸Μ͜… ۜߦ ໾ॴ ։ி࣌ؒͰ… ຊਓ֬ೝ… ͸Μ͜…
  7. SSIͷϢʔεέʔε: ۜߦޱ࠲։ઃ • ͦΕͧΕ͕ిࢠॺ໊͠ݕ ূ͢Δ͜ͱͰվ͟ΜΛ๷ ͙ • ݕূՄೳͳূ໌σʔλΛ ड͚౉͢͜ͱͰɺݶఆ͠ ͨݸਓ৘ใͷఏڙͰࡁΉ

    • ਓ͕հࡏͤͣ଎͍! 3 ۜߦ͔ΒূڌσʔλͷϦΫΤετ 4 ॺ໊ͷೝূޙɺ໾ॴ͔Βͷূ໌ σʔλΛۜߦ΁ૹ෇ ̑ূ໌σʔλΛݕূޙɺ։ઃ ۜߦ ໾ॴ 1. ຊਓূ໌ͷϦΫΤετ 2. ຊਓॺ໊ͷೝূޙɺ໾ॴͷ ిࢠॺ໊ͷೖͬͨূ໌σʔλ Λ΢ΥϨοτ΁ૹ෇ σδλϧ ΢ΥϨοτ
  8. SSIͷγεςϜ ݕূՄೳͳσʔλϨδετϦ(VDR: Veri fi able Data Registry) ϒϩοΫνΣʔϯ΍ϓϥΠϕʔτσʔλϕʔε Private Data

    Repository ൃߦऀ(੓෎ͳͲ) ݕূՄೳͳࢿ֨ূ໌ (VC: Veri fi able Credential) อ༗ऀ(ݸਓ) σδλϧ ΢ΥϨοτ ݕূऀ(اۀͳͲ) ෼ࢄܕࣝผࢠ(DID) ΫϨσϯγϟϧ (ೝূ৘ใ)ʹॺ໊ ॺ໊Λೝূ͢Δ • ൃߦऀ͸ೝূ৘ใʹిࢠతʹ ॺ໊͠ɺVCͱͯ͠อ༗ऀʹ ఏڙ͢Δ • อ༗ऀ͸΢ΥϨοτΛհ͠ݕ ূऀ͕ٻΊΔܗࣜ(ϓϨθϯ ςʔγϣϯ)ͰVCΛڞ༗͢Δ • ݕূऀ͸ൃߦऀΛհࡏͤͣ VCΛݕূ͢Δ ݕূՄೳͳ ϓϨθϯςʔγϣϯ triangle of trust ͱ͍͍·͢
  9. Decentralized ID • ΤϯςΟςΟ(ਓɺ૊৫ɺσόΠεͳͲ) Λࣝผ͢ΔURL did:ethr:0xb9c5714… did:btcr:xz35-qqs2-… • ପԁۂઢ҉߸ʹΑͬͯੜ੒͞ΕΔ ެ։伴ɺൿີ伴ͱରʹͳ͍ͬͯΔ

    • DIDʹඥ͍ͭͨൿີ伴͸ిࢠॺ໊ ʹར༻͞ΕΔ ൿີ伴 ެ։伴 σδλϧ ΢ΥϨοτ 047d599fa…. cc21fd…. ඥ෇͚ did:ethr:0xb9c5714… ECDSA ପԁۂઢ҉߸ʹΑΔ伴ੜ੒ ҉߸Խ σδλϧॺ໊ DID ෼ࢄܕIDͱ͸? εΩʔϚ ϝιου ethrͷ৔߹ɺwallet address
  10. VCʹ͓͚ΔDIDͷ໾ׂ ݕূՄೳͳࢿ֨ূ໌ (VC) ݕূऀ 1) DID͔Βൃߦऀͷ ެ։伴Λݕࡧ 2) ެ։伴Ͱॺ໊ͷݕূ •

    DIDΛΩʔͱ໊ͨ͠લղܾ΍ݕࡧʹར༻ Veri fi able Data Registry https://www.w3.org/TR/did-core/#example-veri fi able-credential-linked-to-a-veri fi cation-method-of-type-ed25519veri fi cationkey2020
  11. ରࡦ: Abstraction Account ϓϩάϥϚϒϧͳΞΧ΢ϯτ • ΢ΥϨοτΞυϨε(Externally Owned Account)ͷॺ໊ػೳͳͲΛந৅Խ͠ε ϚʔτίϯτϥΫτ্ͷΞΧ΢ϯτͱͯ͠ѻ͏ٕज़ ΫϨδοτΧʔυ

    ෺ཧΧʔυ όʔνϟϧΧʔυ 8888-9999-0000 ແޮԽͰ͖Δ ΞυϨε Abstraction Account ແޮԽͰ͖Δ ෳ਺ͷॺ໊Λར༻Ͱ͖Δ ظݶΛઃఆͰ͖Δ σδλϧ΢ΥϨοτ
  12. Web5ͷओཁίϯϙʔωϯτ tbDEX Decentralized Web Node(DWN) Self-Sovereign Identity Service Web5 Decentralized

    Web App(DWAS) Wallet Agent — VCͷൃߦ/ೝূ Resolver — DIDͷ໊લղܾ ϝοηʔδͷ஥հ/ૹۚ σʔλͷอଘ ɹtbDEX্Ͱಈ͘ΞϓϦ SSI SDK Layer2 PFI(tbDEXͱ࿈ܞ͢Δۚ༥ػؔ)
  13. Web5ʹ͓͚ΔDIDͷछྨ Bitcoin(ion) Ҏ֎ʹ web ΋αϙʔτ • did:ion (Identity Overlay Network)

    — Bitcoin্Ͱಈ͘DIDͷͨΊͷLayer2 • did:web — web domain ΛϢχʔΫIDͱͨ͠΋ͷ ྫ https://tomoima525.github.io/.well-known/did.json
  14. Web5ͷΞϓϦέʔγϣϯྫ • Veri fi able Credential selector • ఏܞ͢ΔܾࡁαʔϏεܦ༝Ͱۜߦ͔ΒͷKYC৘ใΛ ݩʹVCΛੜ੒ɻଞαʔϏεͷຊਓূ໌ʹར༻Ͱ͖Δ

    • tbLEND • PFI(Participating Financial Institution:ۚ༥ػؔ)͕ tbDEX ্Ͱྲྀಈࢿ࢈(liquidity)Λି͠ग़͢ɻೝূʹVC Λར༻͢Δ