Introduction to Containers and Kubernetes

An introductory talk on containers in general and Kubernetes specifically

Transcript

1. ‹#› @tpryan Terry Ryan Developer Advocate Introduction to Containers and Kubernetes
2. ‹#› @tpryan Who are you?
3. ‹#› @tpryan 01 Introduction Why Containers?
4. ‹#› @tpryan Matrix from Hell Dev 1 Laptop Dev 2 Laptop QA Stage Production OS ? ? ? ? ? Frontend ? ? ? ? ? Services ? ? ? ? ? Database ? ? ? ? ? Logs ? ? ? ? ?
5. ‹#› @tpryan Matrix from Hell Dev 1 Laptop Dev 2 Laptop QA Stage Production OS OS X Windows Debian Debian Debian Frontend nginx (homebrew) nginx (download) nginx (apt-get) nginx (apt-get) nginx (apt-get) Services php (homebrew) php (download) php (apt-get) php (apt-get) php (apt-get) Database mysql (download) mysql (download) mysql (apt-get) mysql (apt-get) mysql (apt-get) Logs /usr/local/etc/nginx/logs/ C:\nginx-1.9.5\logs /var/log/nginx/ /var/log/nginx/ /var/log/nginx/
6. ‹#› @tpryan It worked fine in dev It worked fine in dev Ops Problem now Ops Problem now
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8. ‹#› @tpryan Hypervisor Virtual Machine OS OS OS
9. ‹#› @tpryan Container Host Containers OS
10. ‹#› @tpryan Dockerfile FROM gcr.io/php-mvm-a/php-nginx:latest ENV DOCUMENT_ROOT /app/web COPY default /app/web RUN chmod -R 755 /app/web/*
11. ‹#› @tpryan Matrix from Hell Dev 1 Laptop Dev 2 Laptop QA Stage Production OS Frontend Services Database Logs
12. ‹#› @tpryan 02 Introduction Why Kubernetes?
13. ‹#› @tpryan What problem are 
 we trying to solve?
14. ‹#› @tpryan # FRONTEND AND SERVICES FROM nginx-php-fpm COPY nginx.conf /etc/nginx/nginx.conf ADD www /var/www/
15. ‹#› @tpryan # BACKEND FROM ubuntu:12.04 ADD ./mysql-setup.sh /tmp/mysql-setup.sh RUN /bin/sh /tmp/mysql-setup.sh EXPOSE 3306 CMD ["/usr/sbin/mysqld"]
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17. ‹#› @tpryan # FRONTEND AND SERVICES FROM nginx-php-fpm COPY nginx.conf /etc/nginx/nginx.conf ADD www /var/www/ # JUST SERVICES FROM nginx-php-fpm COPY nginx.conf /etc/nginx/nginx.conf ADD www /var/www/
18. ‹#› @tpryan # FRONTEND AND SERVICES FROM nginx-php-fpm COPY nginx.conf /etc/nginx/nginx.conf ADD www /var/www/ # FRONTEND FROM nginx COPY nginx.conf /etc/nginx/nginx.conf ADD www /var/www/
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20. ‹#› @tpryan # BACKEND FROM ubuntu:12.04 ADD ./mysql-setup.sh /tmp/mysql-setup.sh RUN /bin/sh /tmp/mysql-setup.sh EXPOSE 3306 CMD ["/usr/sbin/mysqld"] # BACKEND FROM ubuntu:12.04 ADD ./mysql-setup.sh /tmp/mysql-setup.sh RUN /bin/sh /tmp/mysql-setup.sh EXPOSE 3306 VOLUME ["/etc/mysql", "/var/lib/mysql"] CMD ["/usr/sbin/mysqld"]
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26. ‹#› @tpryan That’s a lot to manage.
27. ‹#› @tpryan 4 3 2
28. ‹#› @tpryan Kubernetes • Container Orchestration System • Open Source • Started by Google • Contributed to by others
29. ‹#› @tpryan 03 App in Kubernetes
30. ‹#› @tpryan DB API UI LAMP
31. ‹#› @tpryan Dockerfiles FROM mysql/mysql-server:5.6 ADD sql/load.sql /docker-entrypoint-initdb.d/load.sql EXPOSE 3306 DB FROM httpd:2.4 COPY ui /usr/local/apache2/htdocs/ui COPY static /usr/local/apache2/htdocs/static UI FROM php:7.0-apache RUN apt-get update && apt-get install -y php5-mysqlnd RUN docker-php-ext-install mysqli RUN a2enmod rewrite && a2enmod headers && service apache2 restart COPY app/ /var/www/html/ API
32. ‹#› @tpryan Running containers Pod Pod Pod Pod Replica Set Deployment
33. ‹#› @tpryan Deployment apiVersion: extensions/v1beta1 kind: Deployment metadata: name: frontend-deployment spec: replicas: 4 strategy: type: RollingUpdate template: metadata: labels: layer: ui spec: containers: - name: "frontend" image: "gcr.io/lamp-in-containers/locations-frontend" ports: - name: "http" containerPort: 80 protocol: TCP Pod Replica Set Deployment
34. ‹#› @tpryan Create a Deployment # Create deployment kubectl create -f deployment.yaml
35. ‹#› @tpryan Containers as Pets Pod Stateful Set Persistent Volume Claim
36. ‹#› @tpryan Stateful Set apiVersion: apps/v1beta1 kind: StatefulSet metadata: name: db-set spec: serviceName: "mysql" replicas: 1 template: metadata: labels: layer: db spec: terminationGracePeriodSeconds: 0 containers: - name: db image: "gcr.io/lamp-in-containers/locations-db" ports: - containerPort: 3306 name: mysql volumeMounts: - name: mysql-pvc mountPath: /var/lib/mysql volumeClaimTemplates: - metadata: name: mysql-pvc annotations: volume.alpha.kubernetes.io/storage-class: anything spec: accessModes: [ "ReadWriteOnce" ] resources: requests: storage: 1Gi Pod Persistent Volume Claim Stateful Set
37. ‹#› @tpryan Exposing containers Pod Pod Pod Pod Service
38. ‹#› @tpryan Deployment apiVersion: extensions/v1beta1 kind: Deployment metadata: name: frontend-deployment spec: replicas: 4 strategy: type: RollingUpdate template: metadata: labels: layer: ui spec: containers: - name: "frontend" image: "gcr.io/lamp-in-containers/locations-frontend" ports: - name: "http" containerPort: 80 protocol: TCP Pod Label
39. ‹#› @tpryan Service apiVersion: v1 kind: Service metadata: labels: name: frontend name: frontend spec: type: LoadBalancer ports: - port: 80 targetPort: 80 protocol: TCP selector: layer: ui Selector
40. ‹#› @tpryan ui Pod ui deployment ui Pod ui Pod ui Pod ui service (public) api Pod api deployment api service (public) api Pod api Pod db statefulset db service (private) db Pod
41. ‹#› @tpryan Demo: Kubernetes in Action
42. ‹#› @tpryan 05 Conclusions Bring it home
43. ‹#› @tpryan Kubernetes is Open Source We want your help! • http://kubernetes.io • https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes • irc.freenode.net #google-containers • @kubernetesio
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45. ‹#› @tpryan Roadmap Kubernetes 1.6 Released: March 2017 • Scale enhancement - 5000 nodes, 150,000 pods • Advanced Scheduling • Storage Enhancements for 
 AWS, Azure, GCP, OpenStack and VMware vSphere • Interesting alpha: • Nvidia GPU support http://blog.kubernetes.io/2017/03/kubernetes-1.6-multi-user-multi-workloads-at-scale.html
46. ‹#› @tpryan Roadmap Kubernetes 1.7 Target: June 2017 https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes/milestones/
47. Google has been developing and using containers to manage our applications for over 10 years.
48. ‹#› @tpryan Everything at Google runs on Containers: • Gmail, Web Search, Maps, ... • MapReduce, batch, ... • GFS, Colossus, ... • Even Google’s Cloud Platform: VMs run in containers! We launch 2 Billion Containers a week
49. ‹#› @tpryan We think containers are the way to manage scale.
50. ‹#› @tpryan You should carefully consider whether running everything on containers is right for you.
51. ‹#› @tpryan You should run everything on containers.
52. ‹#› @tpryan You should carefully consider whether running everything on containers is right for you.
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54. ‹#› @tpryan Thank You terrenceryan.com @tpryan This preso: http://bit.ly/tpryan-intro-k8s