LAMP in Containers

An exploration of converting a LAMP app to a multi tier container app.

Transcript

1. ‹#›
   @tpryan
   Terry Ryan
   Developer Advocate
   LAMP In Containers
   

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2. ‹#›
   @tpryan
   Who are you?
   

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3. ‹#›
   @tpryan
   01 Introduction
   What Am I Trying to Do?
   

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4. ‹#›
   @tpryan
   I have an app…
   

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   @tpryan
   

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   @tpryan
   

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   @tpryan
   Demo: LAMP Version
   

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8. ‹#›
   @tpryan
   02 LAMP Version
   

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9. ‹#›
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   DB
   API
   UI
   LAMP
   

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10. ‹#›
    @tpryan
    Process
    • Create a server
    • Linux
    • Apache
    • PHP
    • MySQL
    • Get starting schema and content on it
    • Initialize system
    

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    Create a Server
    # Request Machine
    gcloud compute instances create $(MYSQL_HOSTNAME) --zone $(ZONE) \
    --machine-type "f1-micro" --image-family="debian-8" \
    --image-project="debian-cloud" \
    --tags "http-server","https-server"
    # Install Apache + PHP
    apt-get update -y
    apt-get install apache2 php5 curl php5-curl -y
    # Install MySQL and PHP libratries
    DEBIAN_FRONTEND=noninteractive \
    apt-get -y install mysql-server mysql-client php5-mysqlnd php-pear -y
    /etc/init.d/apache2 restart
    

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    @tpryan
    Create a Server
    # Security routines
    DELETE FROM mysql.user WHERE User='root' AND Host = '$(MYSQL_HOSTNAME)';
    SET PASSWORD FOR 'root'@'localhost' = '$(MYSQL_ROOTHASH)';
    SET PASSWORD FOR 'root'@'127.0.0.1' = '$(MYSQL_ROOTHASH)';
    SET PASSWORD FOR 'root'@'::1' = '$(MYSQL_ROOTHASH)';
    FLUSH PRIVILEGES;
    mysql_secure_installation
    $(MYSQL_ROOTHASH) = SELECT PASSWORD('SuperSecureIPromise')
    

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13. ‹#›
    @tpryan
    Details
    Time to build ~ 2:30
    Time to update ~ :10
    Lines of config code 63
    Monthly Cost of Solution ~$4.28
    

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14. ‹#›
    @tpryan
    02 3 Tier Version
    

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    DB
    API
    UI
    

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    @tpryan
    DB
    UI
    API
    

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17. ‹#›
    @tpryan
    03 Containerized
    

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18. ‹#›
    @tpryan
    03.1 Docker
    

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    Dockerfiles
    FROM mysql/mysql-server:5.6
    ADD sql/load.sql /docker-entrypoint-initdb.d/load.sql
    EXPOSE 3306
    DB
    FROM httpd:2.4
    COPY ui /usr/local/apache2/htdocs/ui
    COPY static /usr/local/apache2/htdocs/static
    UI
    FROM php:7.0-apache
    RUN apt-get update && apt-get install -y php5-mysqlnd
    RUN docker-php-ext-install mysqli
    RUN a2enmod rewrite && a2enmod headers && service apache2 restart
    COPY app/ /var/www/html/
    API
    

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20. ‹#›
    @tpryan
    docker run --name=3tier_frontend -d -p 8080:80 3tier_frontend
    docker run --name=3tier_api --link 3tier_db:mysql -d -p 80:80 3tier_api
    Startup scripts
    docker run --name=3tier_db -d -p 3306:3306 3tier_db
    DB
    UI
    API
    

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21. ‹#›
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    Code Changes
    Change frontend PUT requests to POST to deal with CORS issues.
    DB
    UI
    API
    

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    Original UI
    var url = this.protocol + this.host + this.uri_location_list;
    var type = "POST";
    if (location.id != 0){
    url += location.id;
    type = "PUT";
    }
    $.ajax({
    url: url,
    type: type,
    data: location,
    success: successHandler,
    error: errorHandler
    }); UI
    

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23. ‹#›
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    But secretly the API didn’t really care.
    if ($post_vars['id'] == 0){
    // INSERT SQL..
    } else {
    // UPDATE SQL...
    }
    API
    

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24. ‹#›
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    So now this
    var url = this.protocol + this.host + this.uri_location_list;
    var type = "POST";
    if (location.id != 0){
    url += location.id;
    type = "PUT";
    }
    $.ajax({
    url: url,
    type: type,
    data: location,
    success: successHandler,
    error: errorHandler
    }); UI
    var url = this.protocol + this.host + this.uri_location_list;
    var type = "POST";
    if (location.id != 0){
    url += location.id;
    type = "PUT";
    }
    $.ajax({
    url: url,
    type: type,
    data: location,
    success: successHandler,
    error: errorHandler
    });
    

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25. ‹#›
    @tpryan
    Details
    Time to build ~ :08 (+2:30)
    Time to update ~ :21 + (:10)
    Lines of config code 95
    Monthly Cost of Solution* ~$4.28
    

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26. ‹#›
    @tpryan
    03.2 Kubernetes
    

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    @tpryan
    # DB
    FROM mysql/mysql-server:5.6
    ADD sql/load.sql /docker-entrypoint-initdb.d/load.sql
    EXPOSE 3306
    

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    @tpryan
    # FRONTEND AND SERVICES
    FROM nginx-php-fpm
    COPY nginx.conf /etc/nginx/nginx.conf
    ADD www /var/www/
    # API
    FROM php:7.0-apache
    RUN apt-get update && apt-get install -y php5-mysqlnd
    RUN docker-php-ext-install mysqli
    RUN a2enmod rewrite && a2enmod headers && service apache2 restart
    COPY app/ /var/www/html/
    

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    # UI
    FROM httpd:2.4
    COPY ui /usr/local/apache2/htdocs/ui
    COPY static /usr/local/apache2/htdocs/static
    

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30. ‹#›
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    Docker
    

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31. ‹#›
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    Docker
    

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32. ‹#›
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    Docker
    

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33. ‹#›
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    Docker Docker
    

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34. ‹#›
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    Docker
    Docker
    

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35. ‹#›
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    Docker Docker
    

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36. ‹#›
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    Docker
    

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37. ‹#›
    @tpryan
    That’s a lot to manage.
    

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38. ‹#›
    @tpryan
    4 3 1
    

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39. ‹#›
    @tpryan
    Kubernetes
    • Container Orchestration System
    • Open Source
    • Started by Google
    • Contributed to by others
    

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40. ‹#›
    @tpryan
    Requirements
    • Kubernetes Cluster
    • Images hosted in repository
    • Multiple running containers for
    • API
    • UI
    • Single instance of
    • DB
    • Disk for
    • DB
    • Public IP and load balancers for
    • API
    • UI
    

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    Create a Cluster
    # Request Cluster
    gcloud container clusters create $(CLUSTER) --num-nodes 2 \
    --disk-size=200 —machine-type="g1-small"
    

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    Build and host images
    # Build API image
    docker build -t gcr.io/projectname/locations-api "containers/api/."
    # Push API to repository
    gcloud docker push gcr.io/projectname/locations-api
    # Build UI image
    docker build -t gcr.io/projectname/locations-ui "containers/ui/."
    # Push UI to repository
    gcloud docker push gcr.io/projectname/locations-ui
    # Build DB image
    docker build -t gcr.io/projectname/locations-db "containers/db/."
    # Push API to repository
    gcloud docker push gcr.io/projectname/locations-db
    

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43. ‹#›
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    Running containers
    Pod Pod Pod Pod
    Replica Set
    Deployment
    

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    Deployment
    apiVersion: extensions/v1beta1
    kind: Deployment
    metadata:
    name: frontend-deployment
    spec:
    replicas: 4
    strategy:
    type: RollingUpdate
    template:
    metadata:
    labels:
    layer: ui
    spec:
    containers:
    - name: "frontend"
    image: "gcr.io/lamp-in-containers/locations-frontend"
    ports:
    - name: "http"
    containerPort: 80
    protocol: TCP
    Pod
    Replica Set
    Deployment
    

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    Create a Deployment
    # Create deployment
    kubectl create -f deployment.yaml
    

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46. ‹#›
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    Containers as Pets
    Pod
    Stateful Set
    Persistent
    Volume
    Claim
    

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47. ‹#›
    @tpryan
    Stateful Set
    apiVersion: apps/v1beta1
    kind: StatefulSet
    metadata:
    name: db-set
    spec:
    serviceName: "mysql"
    replicas: 1
    template:
    metadata:
    labels:
    layer: db
    spec:
    terminationGracePeriodSeconds: 0
    containers:
    - name: db
    image: "gcr.io/lamp-in-containers/locations-db"
    ports:
    - containerPort: 3306
    name: mysql
    volumeMounts:
    - name: mysql-pvc
    mountPath: /var/lib/mysql
    volumeClaimTemplates:
    - metadata:
    name: mysql-pvc
    annotations:
    volume.alpha.kubernetes.io/storage-class: anything
    spec:
    accessModes: [ "ReadWriteOnce" ]
    resources:
    requests:
    storage: 1Gi
    Pod
    Persistent
    Volume
    Claim
    Stateful Set
    

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48. ‹#›
    @tpryan
    Exposing containers
    Pod Pod Pod Pod
    Service
    

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49. ‹#›
    @tpryan
    Deployment
    apiVersion: extensions/v1beta1
    kind: Deployment
    metadata:
    name: frontend-deployment
    spec:
    replicas: 4
    strategy:
    type: RollingUpdate
    template:
    metadata:
    labels:
    layer: ui
    spec:
    containers:
    - name: "frontend"
    image: "gcr.io/lamp-in-containers/locations-frontend"
    ports:
    - name: "http"
    containerPort: 80
    protocol: TCP
    Pod
    Label
    

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    Service
    apiVersion: v1
    kind: Service
    metadata:
    labels:
    name: frontend
    name: frontend
    spec:
    type: LoadBalancer
    ports:
    - port: 80
    targetPort: 80
    protocol: TCP
    selector:
    layer: ui
    Selector
    

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51. ‹#›
    @tpryan
    ui Pod
    ui deployment
    ui Pod
    ui Pod ui Pod
    ui service (public)
    api Pod
    api deployment
    api service (public)
    api Pod api Pod
    db statefulset
    db service (private)
    db Pod
    

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52. ‹#›
    @tpryan
    Demo: Kubernetes Version
    

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53. ‹#›
    @tpryan
    Details
    Time to build ~ 4:30
    Time to update ~ :24
    Lines of config code 266
    Monthly Cost of Solution* ~$43.63
    

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54. ‹#›
    @tpryan
    Is this the right way?
    

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55. ‹#›
    @tpryan
    04 Cloud Version
    

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56. ‹#›
    @tpryan
    DB
    API
    UI
    Managed SQL
    File Storage
    Leave on Kubernetes
    Switch to App Engine flexible
    

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57. ‹#›
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    Details
    Time to build ~ 8:00
    Time to update ~ 5:00
    Lines of config code 66
    Monthly Cost of Solution ~$47.83
    

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58. ‹#›
    @tpryan
    05 Conclusions
    Bring it home
    

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59. ‹#›
    @tpryan
    All in one boxes
    are a liability
    

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60. ‹#›
    @tpryan
    LAMP

    =
    L+A+M+P
    

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61. ‹#›
    @tpryan
    Technology
    Shift
    

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62. ‹#›
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    Thank You
    terrenceryan.com
    @tpryan
    This preso: http://bit.ly/tpryan-chaos
    

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