詳解 Ethereum Transaction / detail ethereum transaction

blockchain.tokyo #6

Transcript

1. 2018/03/16
   blockchain.tokyo #6 in Cyber Agent
   Kazuki Yamaguchi (@yamarkz) Gunosy Inc.
   ৄղ Ethereum Transaction
   ~Transactionͷ֓ཁ͔Β࢓૊Έ·Ͱ·Δͬͱ঺հ~
   

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2. Kazuki Yamaguchi / @yamarkz
   Software Engineer @Gunosy
   Graduated from Spring 2017
   WebApplication Rails
   Dapps Solidity
   Research CryptoCurrency & Blockchain
   Github & Twitter @yamarkz
   

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3. Gunosy Blockchain Blog΍ͬͯ·͢ʂ
   ʮhttp://blockchain.gunosy.ioʯor ʮάϊγʔ ϒϩοΫνΣʔϯʯ
   

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4. ※τϥϯβΫγϣϯʹ͍ͭͯৄղʹ࿩ͨ͢ΊɺϒϩοΫνΣʔϯɺΞΧ΢ϯτɺϚΠχϯάͳͲɺ
   पลγεςϜͷ࿩͸୺ંΓ·͢
   Agenda
   • Ethereum & Transaction
   • 2 Type Transaction
   • Message 4 Pattern
   • Transaction Life Cycle
   • Transaction for Data Structure
   • Transaction Pool & Nonce
   • Transaction Releasing
   

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5. Ethereum & Transaction
   

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6. ※ ίϯτϥΫτ࣮ߦͷΠϝʔδ
   ※ EtherʹΑΔࢧ෷͍ͷΠϝʔδ
   ίϯτϥΫτͷ࣮ߦ
   => τϥϯβΫγϣϯͷૹ৴
   ICO΁ͷࢀՃ
   => τϥϯβΫγϣϯͷૹ৴
   Etherͷૹۚ
   => τϥϯβΫγϣϯͷૹ৴
   ίϯτϥΫτͷ࡞੒
   => τϥϯβΫγϣϯͷૹ৴
   Ethereumʹ͓͍ͯɺTransaction͸શͯͷ࢝·Γ
   

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7. EthereumͷTransaction͸େ͖͘2ͭʹ෼͚ΒΕΔ
   Contract Creation Message
   (৽ͨͳίϯτϥΫτ࡞੒) (ίϯτϥΫτͷ࣮ߦ or Etherͷૹۚ)
   New!!!
   A͞Μ͔ΒB͞Μ΁ 3Ether ૹۚ
   ίϯτϥΫτͷؔ਺࣮ߦ
   ৽ͨͳίϯτϥΫτͷσϓϩΠ A B
   

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8. (৽ͨͳίϯτϥΫτ࡞੒)
   Contract Creation
   ৽ͨͳίϯτϥΫτͷσϓϩΠ
   New!!!
   ͬͪ͜ΛΑΓਂ͘෼ղͯ͠ΈΔ
   EthereumͷTransaction͸େ͖͘2ͭʹ෼͚ΒΕΔ
   A͞Μ͔ΒB͞Μ΁ 3Ether ૹۚ
   A B
   ίϯτϥΫτͷؔ਺࣮ߦ
   Message
   (ίϯτϥΫτͷ࣮ߦ or Etherͷૹۚ)
   

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9. Message͸4ͭʹ෼ྨ͞ΕΔ
   Transaction From EOA EVM code From CA
   To EOA
   To CA
   EOA EOA
   Transaction
   Message
   EOA
   CA
   Message
   CA
   EOA
   Message
   Code
   CA
   Code
   CA
   Transaction
   Message
   From: Ethereum EVM illustrated
   

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10. Transaction Life Cycle
    

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11. 1. Transactionʹॺ໊
    2. TransactionΛϊʔυʹϒϩʔυΩϟετ
    ϊʔυ
    Tx
    ༗ޮͳτϥϯβΫγϣϯ͔όϦσʔγϣϯ
    ؔ࿈ϊʔυʹ఻ൖ
    TxPool
    Metamask etc…
    Queued
    Pending
    ɾ఻ൖ࣌ͷTransaction͸ɺSerialize͞ΕΔ
    ɾGas PriceʹΑͬͯϊʔυ͸อ࣋͢Δ͔൑அͰ͖Δ
    Tx
    Tx
    Tx
    Tx
    Block
    Tx
    Tx
    ϚΠχϯά
    ϒϩοΫνΣʔϯ
    Txͷঢ়گʹΑͬͯɺ
    PendingͱQueued෼͚ΒΕΔ
    ΞΧ΢ϯτͷঢ়ଶ͕มΘΔ
    ΞΧ΢ϯτͷঢ়ଶ͕มΘΔ
    START
    ϚΠφʔϊʔυ
    ϊʔϚϧϊʔυ
    ϩʔΧϧϊʔυ
    A
    B Pendingͷத͔ΒϚΠχϯά͢ΔTxΛɺ
    ϚΠφʔ͕બ୒͢Δ
    

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12. Pendingͷத͔ΒϚΠχϯά͢ΔTxΛɺ
    ϚΠφʔ͕બ୒͢Δ
    ؔ࿈ϊʔυʹ఻ൖ
    TxPool
    Queued
    Pending
    ɾ఻ൖ࣌ͷTransaction͸ɺSerialize͞ΕΔ
    ɾGas PriceʹΑͬͯϊʔυ͸อ࣋͢Δ͔൑அͰ͖Δ
    Tx
    Tx
    Tx
    Tx
    Block
    Tx
    Tx
    ϚΠχϯά
    ϒϩοΫνΣʔϯ
    Txͷঢ়گʹΑͬͯɺ
    PendingͱQueued෼͚ΒΕΔ
    ΞΧ΢ϯτͷঢ়ଶ͕มΘΔ
    ΞΧ΢ϯτͷঢ়ଶ͕มΘΔ
    ϚΠφʔϊʔυ
    ϊʔϚϧϊʔυ
    B
    A
    ϊʔυ
    Tx
    ༗ޮͳτϥϯβΫγϣϯ͔όϦσʔγϣϯ
    ϩʔΧϧϊʔυ
    1. Transactionʹॺ໊
    2. TransactionΛϊʔυʹϒϩʔυΩϟετ
    Metamask etc…
    START
    

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13. Pendingͷத͔ΒϚΠχϯά͢ΔTxΛɺ
    ϚΠφʔ͕બ୒͢Δ
    1. Transactionʹॺ໊
    2. TransactionΛϊʔυʹϒϩʔυΩϟετ
    ϊʔυ
    Tx
    ༗ޮͳτϥϯβΫγϣϯ͔όϦσʔγϣϯ
    Metamask etc…
    Tx
    Tx
    Tx
    Tx
    Block
    ϚΠχϯά
    ϒϩοΫνΣʔϯ
    ΞΧ΢ϯτͷঢ়ଶ͕มΘΔ
    ΞΧ΢ϯτͷঢ়ଶ͕มΘΔ
    START
    ϩʔΧϧϊʔυ
    A
    B
    ؔ࿈ϊʔυʹ఻ൖ
    ɾ఻ൖ࣌ͷTransaction͸ɺSerialize͞ΕΔ
    ɾGas PriceʹΑͬͯϊʔυ͸อ࣋͢Δ͔൑அͰ͖Δ
    Tx
    ϚΠφʔϊʔυ
    ϊʔϚϧϊʔυ
    TxPool
    Queued
    Pending
    Tx
    Txͷঢ়گʹΑͬͯɺ
    PendingͱQueued෼͚ΒΕΔ
    

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14. 1. Transactionʹॺ໊
    2. TransactionΛϊʔυʹϒϩʔυΩϟετ
    ϊʔυ
    Tx
    ༗ޮͳτϥϯβΫγϣϯ͔όϦσʔγϣϯ
    ؔ࿈ϊʔυʹ఻ൖ
    Metamask etc…
    ɾ఻ൖ࣌ͷTransaction͸ɺSerialize͞ΕΔ
    ɾGas PriceʹΑͬͯϊʔυ͸อ࣋͢Δ͔൑அͰ͖Δ
    Tx
    ϒϩοΫνΣʔϯ
    ΞΧ΢ϯτͷঢ়ଶ͕มΘΔ
    ΞΧ΢ϯτͷঢ়ଶ͕มΘΔ
    START
    ϊʔϚϧϊʔυ
    ϩʔΧϧϊʔυ
    A
    B
    Tx
    Tx
    Tx
    Tx
    Block
    ϚΠχϯά
    ϚΠφʔϊʔυ
    TxPool
    Queued
    Pending
    Tx
    Txͷঢ়گʹΑͬͯɺ
    PendingͱQueued෼͚ΒΕΔ
    Pendingͷத͔ΒϚΠχϯά͢ΔTxΛɺ
    ϚΠφʔ͕બ୒͢Δ
    

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15. Pendingͷத͔ΒϚΠχϯά͢ΔTxΛɺ
    ϚΠφʔ͕બ୒͢Δ
    1. Transactionʹॺ໊
    2. TransactionΛϊʔυʹϒϩʔυΩϟετ
    ϊʔυ
    Tx
    ༗ޮͳτϥϯβΫγϣϯ͔όϦσʔγϣϯ
    ؔ࿈ϊʔυʹ఻ൖ
    TxPool
    Metamask etc…
    Queued
    Pending
    ɾ఻ൖ࣌ͷTransaction͸ɺSerialize͞ΕΔ
    ɾGas PriceʹΑͬͯϊʔυ͸อ࣋͢Δ͔൑அͰ͖Δ
    Tx
    Tx
    Tx
    Tx
    Block
    Tx
    Tx
    Txͷঢ়گʹΑͬͯɺ
    PendingͱQueued෼͚ΒΕΔ
    START
    ϚΠφʔϊʔυ
    ϊʔϚϧϊʔυ
    ϩʔΧϧϊʔυ
    A
    ϚΠχϯά
    ΞΧ΢ϯτͷঢ়ଶ͕มΘΔ
    ΞΧ΢ϯτͷঢ়ଶ͕มΘΔ
    B
    ϒϩοΫνΣʔϯ
    A
    

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16. 1. Transactionʹॺ໊
    2. TransactionΛϊʔυʹϒϩʔυΩϟετ
    ϊʔυ
    Tx
    ༗ޮͳτϥϯβΫγϣϯ͔όϦσʔγϣϯ
    ؔ࿈ϊʔυʹ఻ൖ
    TxPool
    Metamask etc…
    Queued
    Pending
    ɾ఻ൖ࣌ͷTransaction͸ɺSerialize͞ΕΔ
    ɾGas PriceʹΑͬͯϊʔυ͸อ࣋͢Δ͔൑அͰ͖Δ
    Tx
    Tx
    Tx
    Tx
    Block
    Tx
    Tx
    ϚΠχϯά
    ϒϩοΫνΣʔϯ
    Txͷঢ়گʹΑͬͯɺ
    PendingͱQueued෼͚ΒΕΔ
    ΞΧ΢ϯτͷঢ়ଶ͕มΘΔ
    ΞΧ΢ϯτͷঢ়ଶ͕มΘΔ
    START
    ϚΠφʔϊʔυ
    ϊʔϚϧϊʔυ
    ϩʔΧϧϊʔυ
    A
    B Pendingͷத͔ΒϚΠχϯά͢ΔTxΛɺ
    ϚΠφʔ͕બ୒͢Δ
    Ұ࿈ͷྲྀΕΛܦͯɺτϥϯβΫγϣϯ͸࠷ऴతʹΞΧ΢ϯτͷঢ়ଶΛมߋ͢Δ
    

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17. Transaction for Data Structure
    

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18. Transaction
    Nonce
    Gas Price
    Gas Limit
    To
    Value
    v, r, s
    Init or data
    CLI্Ͱ֬ೝͰ͖ΔTransactionͷத਎
    Transaction for Data Structure
    

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19. CLI্Ͱ֬ೝͰ͖ΔTransactionͷத਎
    Nonce
    Gas Price
    Gas Limit
    To
    Value
    v, r, s
    Init or data
    ϢχʔΫͰ͋Δ͜ͱΛࣔ͢
    ૹۚ͢ΔEtherͷֹ
    Contract࣮ߦ࣌ʹফඅ͢ΔGasͷ੍ݶ
    EVMίʔυ͕ೖΔϑΟʔϧυ
    Transaction
    Transaction for Data Structure
    

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20. Transaction Pool & Nonce
    

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21. Pendingͷத͔ΒϚΠχϯά͢ΔTxΛɺ
    ϚΠφʔ͕બ୒͢Δ
    1. Transactionʹॺ໊
    2. TransactionΛϊʔυʹϒϩʔυΩϟετ
    ϊʔυ
    Tx
    ༗ޮͳτϥϯβΫγϣϯ͔όϦσʔγϣϯ
    ؔ࿈ϊʔυʹ఻ൖ
    Metamask etc…
    ɾ఻ൖ࣌ͷTransaction͸ɺSerialize͞ΕΔ
    ɾGas PriceʹΑͬͯϊʔυ͸อ࣋͢Δ͔൑அͰ͖Δ
    Tx
    Tx
    Tx
    Tx
    Block
    Tx
    ϚΠχϯά
    ϒϩοΫνΣʔϯ
    ΞΧ΢ϯτͷঢ়ଶ͕มΘΔ
    ΞΧ΢ϯτͷঢ়ଶ͕มΘΔ
    START
    ϚΠφʔϊʔυ
    ϊʔϚϧϊʔυ
    ϩʔΧϧϊʔυ
    A
    B
    TxPool
    Queued
    Pending
    Tx
    ͜͜ͷ࿩
    Txͷঢ়گʹΑͬͯɺ
    PendingͱQueued෼͚ΒΕΔ
    

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22. Transaction Pool
    Transaction Pool (ҎԼɺTxPool)ͱ͸ɺϒϩοΫʹऔΓࠐ·ΕΔલͷτϥϯβΫγϣϯ͕Ұ࣌
    తʹอଘ͞ΕΔۭؒɻۭؒ͸ϊʔυͷϚγϯϝϞϦ্ʹ࡞ΒΕΔɻ
    ϚγϯϝϞϦ্ʹ࡞ΒΕΔͨΊɺϚγϯͷిݯ͕མͪΔͱTxPool಺ͷτϥϯβΫγϣϯ΋ফ͑
    Δɻ
    ϊʔυ͸ࣗ਎ͷϝϞϦۭؒʹؚΊΔτϥϯβΫγϣϯΛGasPriceͰબผ͢Δ͜ͱ͕Ͱ͖Δɻ
    TxPoolͷۭؒ͸2ͭ
    Pending
    • ϒϩοΫʹऔΓࠐ·ΕͯOKͳτϥϯβΫγϣϯ͕อଘ͞ΕΔ
    Queued
    • ϒϩοΫʹऔΓࠐ·ΕͯNGͳτϥϯβΫγϣϯ͕อଘ͞ΕΔ
    • τϥϯβΫγϣϯͷNonceʹΪϟοϓ͕ଘࡏ͢Δ৔߹ɺPendingͰ͸ͳ͘ɺ
    Queuedʹอଘ͞ΕΔɻQueuedͷ໾ׂ͸ɺωοτϫʔΫ͔Β౸ணͨ͠ॱং֎τϥ
    ϯβΫγϣϯΛΧόʔ͢Δ͜ͱɻ(τϥϯβΫγϣϯͷॱংΛकΔ͜ͱ)
    

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23. Transaction Pool & Nonce
    TxPool ͷPendingͱQueuedͷڍಈ
    Nonce 37ͷTx͕଍Γͳ͍ঢ়گ
    Nonce 37͕TxPoolʹϒϩʔυΩϟετ or ఻ൖ͞Εͨ͜ͱʹΑΓɺ
    QueuedͷTx͸nonceͷॱং͕ἧ͏ɻ
    ἧ͏͜ͱͰϚΠχϯάOKͳTxʹͳΓPendingʹҠಈ͢Δ
    

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24. Transaction Nonce
    From: Mastering Ethereum
    Nonce͸ಉҰΞΧ΢ϯτ͔ΒͷTransaction Orderͷূ໌Ͱ͋Γɺ
    τϥϯβΫγϣϯͷೋॏࢧग़໰୊Λղܾ͢Δɻ
    Nonce͸Transactionʹ͓͍ͯ࠷΋ॏཁͳίϯϙʔωϯτͰ͋Γɺ
    ࠷΋ཧղ͞Ε͍ͯͳ͍ՕॴͰ΋͋Δɻ
    Tx Nonce 1 Tx Nonce 2 Tx Nonce 3 Tx Nonce 4
    ಉҰΞΧ΢ϯτ͔ΒͷτϥϯβΫγϣϯ͸NonceͷॱংʹԊͬͯɺϒϩοΫʹऔΓࠐ·ΕΔɻ
    Nonce1ͱNonce2ͷτϥϯβΫγϣϯ͕ಉҰΞΧ΢ϯτA͔Β࡞ΒΕͨ৔߹ɺNonce2ͷτϥϯ
    βΫγϣϯ͸Nonce1ͷτϥϯβΫγϣϯ͕ϚΠχϯά͞Εͳ͍ݶΓɺϚΠχϯά͞Εͳ͍ɻ
    NonceͷॱংʹԊͬͯτϥϯβΫγϣϯ͕ϒϩοΫʹऔΓࠐΉϓϩτίϧʹΑΓɺೋॏࢧग़Λ๷
    ͍Ͱ͍Δɻ
    

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25. Transaction Releasing
    

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26. Transaction Releasing
    ϒϩʔυΩϟετͨ͠τϥϯβΫγϣϯΛͳ͔ͬͨ͜ͱʹ͍ͨ͠
    or
    τϥϯβΫγϣϯ͕ͳ͔ͳ͔ϚΠχϯά͞Εͳ͍ͷͰGas PriceΛ্͛௚͍ͨ͠
    Ethereumʹ͸ϒϩʔυΩϟετͨ͠τϥϯβΫγϣϯΛ࡟আ͢Δ࢓૊Έ͕ͳ͍
    ͔͠͠ɺ
    ະঝೝτϥϯβΫγϣϯΛ ߋ৽ ͢Δ͜ͱ͕Մೳ
    ~έʔεελσΟ~
    

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27. Transaction Releasing
    ະঝೝτϥϯβΫγϣϯͷߋ৽ (Releasing)
    ߋ৽͍ͨ͠τϥϯβΫγϣϯʹৼΒΕ͍ͯΔNonceͱಉ͡NonceΛࢦఆͨ͠τϥϯβΫγϣϯ
    Λ࡞੒͠ɺϒϩʔυΩϟετ͢Δ͜ͱͰະঝೝτϥϯβΫγϣϯΛߋ৽͢Δ͜ͱ͕Ͱ͖Δɻ
    ߋ৽Ͱ͸஋ͷमਖ਼͕ՄೳͳͷͰɺ3Etherͷૹ৴͢ΔͷΛͳ͔ͬͨ͜ͱʹ͢ΔͨΊʹɺ0Etherͷ
    τϥϯβΫγϣϯΛૹ৴͠ͳ͓ͤ͹ɺະঝೝτϥϯβΫγϣϯ͸ߋ৽͞ΕΔͷͰɺͳ͔ͬͨ͜
    ͱʹͳΔɻ(※ख਺ྉͰ͋ΔGas୅͸ඞཁ)
    ߋ৽Ͱ͸Ŋߋ৽ઌτϥϯβΫγϣϯ͕࣋ͭGasPriceͷ10%Ҏ্ߴ͍ GasPriceͷߋ৽τϥϯβΫ
    γϣϯΛ࡞੒͠ͳ͚Ε͹͍͚ͳ͍
    Tx
    A͞Μ͔ΒB͞Μ΁
    3Etherͷૹۚ
    Tx
    A͞Μ͔ΒB͞Μ΁
    0Etherͷૹۚ
    ߋ৽ઌ
    ߋ৽ݩ ߋ৽ʂʂ
    ϒϩʔυΩϟετ
    Tx
    A͞Μ͔ΒB͞Μ΁
    0Etherͷૹۚ
    TxPool
    

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28. Transaction Releasing
    Transaction Releasingͷڍಈ
    Nonce 41ͷະঝೝτϥϯβΫγϣϯ
    ಉ͡Nonce Ͱ͔ͭɺ10%Ҏ্ߴ͍GasPriceͷTxΛϒϩʔυΩϟετ͢Δ͜ͱͰߋ৽
    ߋ৽TxʹΑΓɺ3Etherͷૹ͕ۚ0EtherʹͳΓɺ࣮࣭ͷૹۚ͸औΓফ͢͜ͱ͕Ͱ͖͍ͯΔ
    

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29. Transactionʹ͸2ͭͷେ͖ͳ෼ྨͱ4ͭͷϝοηʔδύλʔϯ͕͋Δ
    Ethereum͸ΞΧ΢ϯτ΍ίϯτϥΫτͱ͍͏֓೦͕͋ΔͨΊɺ

    τϥϯβΫγϣϯͷ࢓૊Έ΍ߏ଄΋ෳࡶ
    Nonceͷ࢓૊Έ͕Life CycleΛཧղ͢Δ্Ͱॏཁͳ伴ͱͳΔ
    Contract։ൃΛਐΊΔ্ͰTransactionͷ࢓૊ΈΛཧղ͢Δͷ͸ॏཁ
    ·ͱΊ
    

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30. ɾWhat is Gas?
    ɾEthereum EVM Illustrated
    ɾMastering Ethereum
    ɾEthereum White Paper
    ɾEthereum Yellow Paper
    ɾEthereum Wiki
    ɾLife Cycle of an Ethereum Transaction
    ࢀߟࢿྉ
    

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31. Q&A 1
    Q. τϥϯβΫγϣϯͷૹۚݩ͸Ͳ͏΍ͬͯ൑அ͢Δͷʁ
    A. τϥϯβΫγϣϯʹؚ·ΕΔॺ໊͸ૹ৴ݩͷΞΧ΢ϯτͷൿີ伴͔Β͔͠࡞ΒΕͳ͍ͨΊɺͦͷॺ
    ໊Ͱ൑அ͢Δ
    Q.τϥϯβΫγϣϯΛ࡞੒ͨ͠΋ͷͷɺΞΧ΢ϯτεςʔτͷߋ৽ͷॱংͰૹۚऀ͕े෼ͳEtherΛ
    ͍࣋ͬͯͳ͔ͬͨ৔߹τϥϯβΫγϣϯ͸Ͳ͏ͳΔͷʁ
    A. τϥϯβΫγϣϯ͸ૹۚ͸ࣦഊͱͳΔ΋ͷͷɺτϥϯβΫγϣϯࣗମ͸ϚΠχϯά͞Εɺख਺ྉͷ
    Έ͕ϚΠφʔʹࢧ෷ΘΕΔ
    Q.ΞΧ΢ϯτ͕࣋ͭNonceΑΓ΋௿͍஋Λ߱ͬͨτϥϯβΫγϣϯΛϒϩʔυΩϟετ͢ΔͱͲ͏ͳΔ
    ͷʁ
    A. ϒϩʔυΩϟετઌͷϩʔΧϧϊʔυͷόϦσʔγϣϯͰ஄͔ΕTxPoolʹೖΒͣɺτϥϯβΫγϣ
    ϯ͸ഁغ͞Εɺૹ৴ݩʹ͸Τϥʔ͕ฦΔ
    Q.τϥϯβΫγϣϯʹઃఆͰ͖ΔGas Limitͷ஋͸࠷ߴ͍ͭ͘ʁ
    A. ཧ࿦্͸ϒϩοΫͷGas Limitͱಉ͡
    

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32. Q&A 2
    Q. ϒϩʔυΩϟετͨ͠τϥϯβΫγϣϯΛ࡟আ͍ͨ͠৔߹Ͳ͏͢Ε͹ྑ͍ͷʁ
    A. EthereumͰ͸ϒϩʔυΩϟετͨ͠τϥϯβΫγϣϯͷ࡟আػೳ͸͋Γ·ͤΜɻԾʹɺτϥϯβΫ
    γϣϯΛͳ͔ͬͨ͜ͱʹ͍ͨ͠ (ૹۚΛऔΓফ͍ͨ͠) ৔߹͸ɺಉ͡NonceͰValue஋Λ0ʹ͠Gas
    PriceΛߴ͍΋ͷʹ࡞੒ͯ͠ϒϩʔυΩϟετ͢Δ
    Q. ૹۚͷΈͰར༻ͨ͠৔߹ͷख਺ྉͬͯͲ͏ͳΔͷʁ
    A. GasPrice × τϥϯβΫγϣϯͷόΠτ௕ ͷ஋͕ख਺ྉʹͳΔ
    Q. TxPoolͷ྆ʑ͕ᷓΕΔ΄ͲτϥϯβΫγϣϯ͕ཷ·ͬͨ৔߹ɺᷓΕͨτϥϯβΫγϣϯ͸Ͳ͏ͳΔ
    ͷʁ
    A. τϥϯβΫγϣϯͷGasPrice͕௿͍΋ͷ͔ΒPool͔Β௥͍ग़͞Ε͍ͯ͘
    Q. NonceͷॱংͰɺઌʹߴ͍NonceͷτϥϯβΫγϣϯΛϚΠφʔ͕ϚΠχϯά͠ɺϚΠχϯάʹ੒ޭ
    ͨ͠৔߹ɺϒϩοΫ͸Ͳ͏ͳΔͷʁ
    A. ԾʹɺϚΠχϯάʹ੒ޭͨ͠ͱͯ͠΋ɺNonceͷॱংΛक͍ͬͯͳ͍τϥϯβΫγϣϯΛؚΜͩϒ
    ϩοΫ͸ແޮͱͳΓɺνΣʔϯʹܨ͕Εͳ͍
    

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33. ͝੩ௌ͋Γ͕ͱ͏͍͟͝·ͨ͠ʂ✨
    

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