RSpecでBDDをしよう

Rails Developers Meetup 2018 Day 3 Extreme

TDD→BDD→俺がやってるRSpecの書き方を狙ったけどRSpecの部分をやっていると時間が足り無さ過ぎて無理でしたw

Transcript

1. RSpecͰBDDΛ͠Α͏ Rails Developers Meetup 2018 Day3 Yasuhiko Katoh @yatmsu
2. ࣗݾ঺հ ▪Twitter: @yatmsu ▪GitHub: @yatmsu ▪ॴଐ: גࣜձࣾυϦίϜ(6/1ʙ) ▪Railsྺ: 10೥͙Β͍ • Ver 1.2.x ʙ
3. ࠓ೔࿩͢͜ͱ TDD / BDD / RSpec ฉ͍ͯཉ͍͠ਓ෺૾ • एखͷRailsΤϯδχΞ(ब৬͢Δ·Ͱίʔυॻ͍ͯͳ͔ͬͨͱ͔) • RSpec͸୯७ʹςετίʔυΛॻ͘ҝʹ࢖͍ͬͯΔΑͱ͍͏ΤϯδχΞ • ͦΕҎ֎ͷਓͰ΋OKͰ͢ ※ ৭ʑ͋ͬͯRSpecʹ͸͋·Γݴٴ͍ͯ͠ͳ͍Ͱ͢ɾɾ
4. TDD
5. Test Driven Development ςετۦಈ։ൃ
6. TDDͷྺ࢙(؆қ൛) w ೥
   %%
   .D$SBDLFO͕%JHJUBM
   $PNQVUFS
   1SPHSBNNJOHzΛग़൛
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   w ೥୅͸σόοάɾςετɾɾɾ౳ͷ֓೦͕۠ผ͞Ε͍ͯͳ͔ͬͨ࣌୅
   w ʮςετʯͱ͍͏༻ޠ͕࢖ΘΕ͍ͯͳ͍ ֘౰͢ΔՕॴͷষ໊͸l1SPHSBN
   $IFDLPVUz
   ʙ
   5%%͋·Γ࠾༻͞Εͳ͔ͬͨظؒ
   ʙ
   w ೥
   ,FOU
   #FDL͕46OJUΛ։ൃ
   w ޙͷY6OJUͷݩʹͳΔϢχοτςετϑϨʔϜϫʔΫ
   w 5%%ͷݪܕͱͳΔϓϩάϥϛϯάख๏΍ςετΛར༻ͨ͠ϦϑΝΫλϦϯάͷߟ͑ํ͕ ஝ੵ͞Ε͍ͯ͘ɻ
   w %JHJUBM
   $PNQVUFS
   1SPHSBNNJOHzͷଘࡏ͕͋ΔͷͰɺ5%%Λൃ໌ͨ͠ͷͰ͸ͳ͘ɺ ʮ5%%Λ࠶ൃݟʯͨ͠ͱݴΘΕ͍ͯΔɻ
7. TDDͷྺ࢙(؆қ൛) w ೥
   ,FOU
   #FDL͕ʮ91ΤΫετϦʔϜɾϓϩάϥϛϯάೖ໳ʯ &YUSFNF
   1SPHSBNNJOH
   &YQMBJOFE
   &NCSBDF
   $IBOHF Λग़൛
   w ೥
   ,FOU
   #FDL͕ʮςετۦಈ։ൃೖ໳ʯ 5FTU%SJWFO
   %FWFMPQNFOU
   CZ
   &YBNQMF Λग़൛
   w 46OJU࡞੒࣌ʹ࠶ൃݟͨ͠5%%Λߏ੒͢ΔཁૉΛମܥతʹ੔ཧͨ͠಺༰
   w ʮ5%%ͷݪయʯͱݺ͹ΕΔॻ੶
   ɾɾɾɾɾ
8. TDDͷਐΊํ 1. ࠷ॳʹςετίʔυΛ1ͭॻ͘(ςετϑΝʔετ) 2. 1.Λ࣮ߦ͠ɺࣦഊ͢Δ͜ͱΛ֬ೝ͢Δ (Red) 3. 2.ͷςετ͕੒ޭ͢ΔΑ͏ʹ࠷খݶͷϓϩμΫτίʔυΛॻ͘ 4. 3.Λ࣮ߦ͠ɺ੒ޭ͢Δ͜ͱΛ֬ೝ͢Δ (Green) 5. ϓϩμΫτίʔυͷৼΔ෣͍Λม͑ͳ͍Α͏ʹϦϑΝΫλϦϯάΛߦ͏ (Refactor) 6. 1.ʹ໭Δ ͬ͘͟Γݴ͏ͱ͜ͷ։ൃαΠΫϧΛ܁Γฦ͍ͯ͘͠ͷ͕TDDͰ͢ɻ
9. 3FGBDUPS (3&&/ 3&% TDDͷϚϯτϥ ͜ͷαΠΫϧΛߴ଎Ͱ܁Γฦ͍ͯ͘͠
10. ࣮ࡍʹ΍ͬͯΈΔ
11. ࣮૷͍ͨ͠ػೳ • Ϣʔβʔ͕ΞΧ΢ϯτΛ࡞੒͢Δػೳ લఏ৚݅ • ؅ཧը໘ܥͷRailsΞϓϦΛ։ൃதͰ͋Δ • migrationϑΝΠϧ͸লུ(name, emailͱ ͍͏ΧϥϜ͕͋Δusersςʔϒϧ͕͋Δ΋ ͷͱ͠·͢)
12. UserϞσϧͷSpecΛ࡞੒ require 'rails_helper' RSpec.describe User, type: :model do end ͜͜·Ͱॻ͍ͨΒςετΛଈ࣮ߦ͠·͢
13. ࣮ߦ(RED) $ bin/rspec spec/models/user_spec.rb An error occurred while loading ./spec/models/user_spec.rb. Failure/Error: RSpec.describe User, type: :model do NameError: uninitialized constant User No examples found. Finished in 4.46 seconds (files took 8.57 seconds to load) 0 examples, 0 failures, 1 error occurred outside of examples ࣦഊ͢Δ͜ͱΛ֬ೝ
14. UserϞσϧΛ࡞੒ class User < ApplicationRecord end ςετΛଈ࣮ߦ͠·͢
15. ࣮ߦ(Green) $ bin/rspec spec/models/user_spec.rb 
 No examples found. Finished in 2.69 seconds (files took 7.16 seconds to load) 0 examples, 0 failures ੒ޭ͢Δ͜ͱΛ֬ೝ
16. ϦϑΝΫλϦϯά(Refactor) class User < ApplicationRecord end ϞσϧΛ࡞͚ͬͨͩͳͷͰࠓճ͸ແ͠
17. #register_userͷςετΛ1ͭ௥Ճ require 'rails_helper' RSpec.describe User, type: :model do describe '#register_user' do let(:user) { create :user } it 'trueΛฦ͢͜ͱ' do expect(user.register_user('Ϣʔβʔ໊', 'hoge@hoge.com')).to eq true end end end ॻ͘ςετ͸ͭͷΈ
18. ࣮ߦ(RED) $ bin/rspec spec/models/user_spec.rb User #register_user trueΛฦ͢͜ͱ (FAILED - 1) Failures: 1) User#register_user trueΛฦ͢͜ͱ Failure/Error: expect(user.register_user('Ϣʔβʔ໊', 'hoge@hoge.com')).to eq true NoMethodError: undefined method `register_user' for #<User:0x007fc64f14db98> Finished in 4.49 seconds (files took 10.77 seconds to load) 1 example, 1 failure Failed examples: rspec ./spec/models/user_spec.rb:7 # User#register_user trueΛฦ͢͜ͱ ࣦഊ͢Δ͜ͱΛ֬ೝ
19. #register_userϝιουΛ௥Ճ class User < ApplicationRecord def register_user(name, email) true end end ςετΛ௨͢࠷খݶͷίʔυΛ࣮૷͢Δ͜ͱ
    ࠷খݶͷίʔυͳͷͰ͜ΕͰྑ͍
20. ࣮ߦ(Green) $ bin/rspec spec/models/user_spec.rb User #register_user trueΛฦ͢͜ͱ Finished in 3.16 seconds (files took 6.98 seconds to load) 1 example, 0 failures ੒ޭ͢Δ͜ͱΛ֬ೝ
    
21. ϦϑΝΫλϦϯά(Refactor) class User < ApplicationRecord def register_user(name, email) true end end ඞཁͳͦ͞͏ɻࠓճ͸ແ͠ɻ
22. #register_userͷςετΛ1ͭ௥Ճ require 'rails_helper' RSpec.describe User, type: :model do describe '#register_user' do let(:user) { create :user } it 'trueΛฦ͢͜ͱ' do expect(user.register_user('Ϣʔβʔ໊', 'hoge@hoge.com')).to eq true end it 'usersςʔϒϧʹσʔλΛ௥Ճ͍ͯ͠Δ͜ͱ' do expect { user.register_user('Ϣʔβʔ໊', 'hoge@hoge.com') }.to change { described_class.where(name: 'Ϣʔβʔ໊', email: 'hoge@hoge.com').exists? }.from(false).to(true) end end end ॻ͘ςετ͸΍͸ΓͭͷΈ
23. ࣮ߦ(RED) $ bin/rspec spec/models/user_spec.rb User #register_user trueΛฦ͢͜ͱ usersςʔϒϧʹσʔλΛ௥Ճ͍ͯ͠Δ͜ͱ (FAILED - 1) Failures: 1) User#register_user usersςʔϒϧʹσʔλΛ௥Ճ͍ͯ͠Δ͜ͱ Failure/Error: expect { user.register_user('Ϣʔβʔ໊', 'hoge@hoge.com') }.to change { described_class.where(name: 'Ϣʔβʔ໊', email: 'hoge@hoge.com').exists? }.from(false).to(true) expected `described_class.where(name: 'Ϣʔβʔ໊', email: 'hoge@hoge.com').exists?` to have changed from false to true, but did not change Finished in 2.95 seconds (files took 9.34 seconds to load) 2 examples, 1 failure Failed examples: rspec ./spec/models/user_spec.rb:11 # User#register_user usersςʔϒϧʹσʔλΛ௥Ճ͍ͯ͠Δ͜ͱ ࣦഊ͢Δ͜ͱΛ֬ೝ
24. #register_userϝιουΛߋ৽ class User < ApplicationRecord def register_user(name, email) user = User.new user.name = name user.email = email user.save end end ςετΛ௨͢࠷খݶͷίʔυΛ࣮૷͢Δ͜ͱ
    ͱʹ͔͘ಈ͘ίʔυΛॻ͚͹͍͍
25. ࣮ߦ(Green) $ bin/rspec spec/models/user_spec.rb User #register_user trueΛฦ͢͜ͱ usersςʔϒϧʹσʔλΛ௥Ճ͍ͯ͠Δ͜ͱ Finished in 3.5 seconds (files took 8.05 seconds to load) 2 examples, 0 failures ੒ޭ͢Δ͜ͱΛ֬ೝ
    
26. ϦϑΝΫλϦϯά(Refactor) class User < ApplicationRecord def register_user(name, email) user = User.new(name: name, email: email) user.save end end ;ͭ͏ʹOFXͰύϥϝʔλ౉ͤ͹͍͍ΑͶ
27. ࣮ߦ(Green) $ bin/rspec spec/models/user_spec.rb User #register_user trueΛฦ͢͜ͱ usersςʔϒϧʹσʔλΛ௥Ճ͍ͯ͠Δ͜ͱ Finished in 3.5 seconds (files took 8.31 seconds to load) 2 examples, 0 failures ੒ޭ͢Δ͜ͱΛ֬ೝ
    4QFD͕͋Ε͹ϦϑΝΫλϦϯά͠΍͍͢
    
28. TDD͸ιϑτ΢ΣΞςετٕ๏ͷ 1ͭͩͱޡղ͍ͯ͠Δਓ͕ଟ͍͚Ͳɺ ͜͜·Ͱ΍ͬͯΈΔͱTDDͷຊ࣭͸ ʮςετʯͰ͸ແ͍ͱ͍͏ࣄʹؾ෇͘͸ͣɻ ※࣮ࡍʹࣗ෼ͰखΛಈ͔ͯ͠ΈΔͱΑΓཧղग़དྷ·͢ɻ
29. Kent Beck “Test-Driven Development: By Example” “ൽ೑ͳ͜ͱʹɺTDD͸ςετٕ๏Ͱ͸ͳ͍ (CunninghamͷެҊ)ɻ TDD͸෼ੳٕ๏Ͱ͋Γɺઃܭٕ๏Ͱ͋Γɺ ࣮ࡍʹ͸։ൃͷ͢΂ͯͷΞΫςΟϏςΟΛ ߏ଄Խ͢Δٕ๏ͳͷͩɻ”
30. Kent Beck “Test-Driven Development: By Example” “ൽ೑ͳ͜ͱʹɺTDD͸ςετٕ๏Ͱ͸ͳ͍ (CunninghamͷެҊ)ɻ TDD͸෼ੳٕ๏Ͱ͋Γɺઃܭٕ๏Ͱ͋Γɺ ࣮ࡍʹ͸։ൃͷ͢΂ͯͷΞΫςΟϏςΟΛ ߏ଄Խ͢Δٕ๏ͳͷͩɻ”
31. TDD·ͱΊ • TDDͱ͸ϓϩάϥϜʹඞཁͳ֤ػೳʹ͍ͭͯɺ·ͣ ςετίʔυΛॻ͖(ςετϑΝʔετ)ɺͦͷςετ ͕ಈ࡞͢Δඞཁ࠷௿ݶͳ࣮૷Λߦ͍ɺϦϑΝΫλϦ ϯάΛߦ͏ɾɾͱ͍͏޻ఔΛ୹͍αΠΫϧͰߴ଎ʹ ܁Γฦ͢։ൃελΠϧ • TDDͱ͸ςετٕ๏Ͱ͸ͳ͘ɺઃܭٕ๏Ͱ͋Δɻ
32. ͱɺ͍͏Α͏ͳษڧձΛաڈʹ ࣾ಺ษڧձͰ࿩ͨ͜͠ͱ͕͋Γɺ ͦͷ௚ޙʹ࢝·ͬͨࡶஊͰɾɾɾ
33. .JOJUFTUͬͯͲ ͏ͳΜͰ͔͢ʁ
34. .JOJUFTUͬͯͲ ͏ͳΜͰ͔͢ʁ ςετͷΧόϨο δͬͯԿΛ௒͍͑ͯ Δ΂͖ʁ
35. .JOJUFTUͬͯͲ ͏ͳΜͰ͔͢ʁ ϫγͷए͍ࠒ ͸&YDFMʹςετ έʔεΛॻ͍͍ͯͬ ͯɾɾɾ ຊ൪؀ڥͷσʔ λͰͳ͍ͱ࠶ݱ͠ͳ ͍όά͸Ͳ͏΍ͬͯς ετͨ͠Βɾɾɾ ςετͷΧόϨο δͬͯԿΛ௒͍͑ͯ Δ΂͖ʁ ʮςετʯͷ࿩୊͹͔Γʂʂ
36. Կނ͜͏ͳͬͯ͠·͏ͷ͔ʁ TDD͸ςετٕ๏Ͱ͸ͳ͍ɻ ͱ͍͏࿩Λͨ͠௚ޙͳͷʹɻ ୭΋Զͷ࿩Λฉ͍ͯͳ͔ͬͨՄೳੑ͕ɾɾɾ
37. ࿩Λฉ͍͍ͯͳ͔ͬͨΘ͚Ͱ͸ͳ͍(ͱ৴͍ͨ͡) ͦΕ͚ͩʮςετʯͱ͍͏ݴ༿ͷΠϝʔδ͕ڧ͍ͱ͍͏͜ͱ ʮςετʯͱ͍͏ݴ༿Λ஌͍ͬͯΔਓ͸ଟ͍ɻ ʮςετʯͱ͍͏ݴ༿Λฉ͍ͨ࣌఺ͰɺͦΕͧΕ ͕ࢥ͍ඳ͘ʮςετʯʹ͍ͭͯ࿈૝ͯ͠͠·ͬͨ ͷͰ͸ͳ͍͔ɻ ʮTDD = ιϑτ΢ΣΞςετٕ๏ʯ ͱ͍͏ೝࣝʹͳͬͯ͠·ͬͨʁ
38. “TDD͸ɺςετͱ͍͏ݴ༿͕࣋ͭχϡΞϯεͷ໰୊ʹ௚໘͍ͯ͠·ͨ͠ɻςε τͱ͍͏୯ޠͱɺͦΕʹ·ͭΘΔޠኮΛ࢖͍ͬͯΔݶΓɺTDD͸ʮٕज़ऀ͕ɺ Ͳ͏࡞Δ͔ʯʹ࢖͏΋ͷͰ͋Δͱ͍͏ઌೖ؍ʹٯΒ͑ͣɺTDDͷਖ਼֬ͳཧղͱ ܒ໤ʹ͸ࢸΒͳ͍ͷͰ͸ͳ͍͔ͱ͍͏໰୊ҙࣝͰ͢ɻ” ൈਮ:: Kent Beck “Test-Driven Development: By Example” ෇࿥C TDDࢧ࣋೿ͷίϛϡχςΟͰ͜ͷ݅͸ٞ࿦ʹͳͬͨɻ ʮTDDʯͰ͸ବ໨ͰޠኮΛม͑ͳ͚Ε͹ͳΒͳ͍ɻ TDDͷTͷ෦෼ʹTestΛ࢖͍ͬͯΔݶΓɺTDD͕ਖ਼͘͠ཧղ ͞ΕΔ͜ͱ͸೉͍͠ɻ ͜͜ͰDanNorth͕ൃݟͨ͠ޠኮ͕ɺɺɺ TDDͱ͍͏ݴ༿๊͕͑Δ໰୊
39. Behavior ৼΔ෣͍
40. BDD
41. Behavior Driven Development ৼ෣ۦಈ։ൃ
42. ޠኮͷมߋͱRSpecͷ஀ੜ BTTFSUJPO
    ˠ
    FYQFDUBUJPO
    UFTU
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    ˠ
    FYBNQMF
    UFTUDBTF
    
    ˠ
    FYBNQMF
    HSPVQ
    UFTU
    DMBTT
    ˠ
    TQFD w +#FIBWF +BWB ͕։ൃ͞Εͨ %BO/PSUI 5%%ˠ#%%͚ͩͰͳ͘ɺ
    ؒҧͬͨઌೖ؍Λ༩͑ͳ͍Α͏ ʹɺޠኮΛมߋ 5%%ͷࠒͱ͸ޠኮΛஔ͖׵͑ͨςετϑϨʔϜϫʔΫΛ࡞੒ w 34QFD 3VCZ ͷ஀ੜ΁ %BWF
    "TUFMTɺ"TMBL
    )FMMFT”Z
43. ޠኮ͕มΘΔͱࢥߟͷग़ൃ఺͕มΘΔ ςετ ςετΛॻ͜͏ ςετίʔυ
    Λॻ͘ ৼΔ෣͍ ৼΔ෣͍Λॻ͜͏ 4QFDΛॻ͘ #%%ͷαΠΫϧ΁ 5%%ͷ৔߹ #%%ͷ৔߹ ˞ॻ͍͍ͯΔϑΝΠϧ͸શ͘ಉ͡
44. BDDͷݱঢ় Behaviorͱ͍͏ޠኮͷൃݟʹΑΓɺ BDDͱ͍͏ޡղΛট͘ࣄͷͳ໊͍લ͕͍ͭͨ TDD͸ɺઌೖ؍Ͱޡղ͞ΕΔ͜ͱͳ͘ݱࡏ·Ͱ ਖ਼͘͠ೝࣝ͞Εͯීٴ͍ͯ͠·͢ɻ ΊͰͨ͠ΊͰͨ͠ɻ
45. BDDͷݱঢ় ͱɺͳΔ͜ͱ͸ແ͔ͬͨ
46. Aslak Hellesoy “Cucumber։ൃऀ” “TDD͸ςετͩͱ͍͏ޡղΛղͨ͘Ίʹ Dan NorthʹΑΓൃ໌͞ΕͨBDD͕ɺ14೥ ܦ͍ͬͨ·ɺਓʑʹςετͩͱޡղ͞Εͯ ͍Δͷ͸ൽ೑ͳ͜ͱͩɻ”
47. Կނ͜͏ͳͬͯ͠·ͬͨͷ͔ʁ • BDDͷܒ໤ظ(2003೥ʙ2011೥ࠒ?) • ܒ໤׆ಈ͕ඞཁͩͬͨͷͰ׆ൃͳٞ࿦͕ߦΘΕɺଟ͘ͷ৘ใ͕ྲྀ ௨͍ͯͨ͠ɻ • BDDͷݱࡏ(2018೥) • ࢖༻͍ͯ͠Δݴޠ͸ؔ܎ͳ͘ɺςετίʔυΛॻ͘؀ڥ͕طʹͦ ͜ʹ͋Δͷ͕౰ͨΓલɻ • ʮͳͥςετίʔυΛॻ͘ͷ͔ʁʯͳΜͯߟ͑ͳ͍ɻ ྺ࢙ɾܦҢ౳͸ফ໓ RSpecଞπʔϧ܊͕࢒ͬͨ
48. ΋ͬͱਂ͘஌Γͨ͘ͳͬͨΒ ෇࿥CΛಡ΋͏
49. ͦΕͰ΋BDDΛ΍Δ͜ͱʹ͸ҙຯ͕͋Δ ▪ϝϦοτ •͍ͭͰ΋ϦϑΝΫλϦϯάΛߦ͑Δͱ͍͏ʮ҆৺ʯΛಘΒΕΔɻ •ৗʹৼΔ෣͍͕ఆٛ͞Ε͍ͯΔঢ়ଶͳͷͰɺมߋʹର͢Δڪා ͕ແ͘ͳΔɻ •ΠϯλʔϑΣʔεΛҙࣝͨ͠ઃܭ͕ग़དྷΔΑ͏ʹͳΔɻ •ςετϑΝʔετͷ͓͔͛Ͱɺ࠷ॳʹ࢖͍΍͍͢ΠϯλʔϑΣʔ εΛҙࣝͯ͠ઃܭ͢ΔΑ͏ʹͳΔɻ(ػೳ͹͔Γʹҙ͕ࣝ޲͔ Θͳ͍) •ςελϏϦςΟͷߴ͍ϞδϡʔϧΛ࣮૷͢ΔΑ͏ʹͳΔɻ(ૄ݁߹ ͳ࣮૷) •etc….(ଞଟ਺!!
50. ͦΕͰ΋BDDΛ΍Δ͜ͱʹ͸ҙຯ͕͋Δ ▪σϝϦοτ •ςελϏϦςΟ͕ߴ͍ઃܭ≠ྑ͍ઃܭ ͱ͸ݶΒͳ͍ •ա৒ʹؒ઀૚Λಋೖͯ͠͠·͏Մೳੑ •ʮϢχοτςετΛ͠΍͘͢͢Δࣄʯࣗମ͕໨త Ͱؒ઀૚Λಋೖͯ͠͠·͏͜ͱ΋ •ؒ઀૚͕૿͑Δͱ͍͏͜ͱ͸ɺ؅ཧ͠ͳ͚Ε͹ͳ Βͳ͍ΦϒδΣΫτ͕૿͑ͯ͠·͏ͱ͍͏͜ͱ
51. BDDΛ࢝ΊΑ͏ʂ ΋͠ɺBDDΛ΍ͬͨ͜ͱ͕ͳ͍ͱ͍͏ਓ͕͍ͨ Βੋඇ࢝Ί͍ͯͩ͘͞ʂ νʔϜͰͷ։ൃʹ͔͠࢖͑ͳ͍ͱ͍͏΋ͷͰ͸ ͳ͘ݸਓͷٕज़ͳͷͰɺࠓ೔͔ΒͰ΋࢝ΊΔ͜ ͱ͕Ͱ͖·͢ɻ
52. ͝੩ௌ͋Γ͕ͱ͏͍͟͝·ͨ͠ʂ