The correctness-by-design duck will bite PHP

In this talk, y'all will be introduced to Quack; a type-safe, multi-paradigm, metaprogrammable and extensible programming language which enables you to write consistent and legible code and learn how a language that targets PHP and whose compiler is entirely written in PHP can help you coding better.

Transcript

1. Hello,PHPeste 2017. The correctness-by-design duck will bite PHP • The 7th of October, 2017. матеус албукерки • @ythecombinator • www.ythecombinator.me
2. fn main() do print(“ The correctness-by-design duck will bite PHP”) end
4. Big fan of pixel art.
5. Keen on learning new languages.
6. Known as ythecombinator over the interwebs.
7. Front-End Engineer @ Beakyn Mobile Development Intern @ Apple Developer Academy Evangelist @ Quack Language Contributor @ Lambda I/O, NUG-CE, Golang Brazil, Ionic Brazil and others.
8. Front-End Engineer @ Beakyn Mobile Development Intern @ Apple Developer Academy Curious @ Quack Language Contributor @ Lambda I/O, NUG-CE, Golang Brazil, Ionic Brazil and others.
9. Front-End Engineer @ Beakyn Mobile Development Intern @ Apple Developer Academy Evangelist @ Quack Language Contributor @ Lambda I/O, NUG-CE, Golang Brazil, Ionic Brazil and others.
10. Motivation. THE CORRECTNESS-BY-DESIGN DUCK WILL BITE PHP • PHPESTE 2017
12. Mariko Kosaka • Web developer @ Google. HOW TO BE A COMPILER #BrazilJS 2017.
14. × × × × × ×
15. When it comes to PLT, there’s much awesome stuff happening here in ! of which many people out there just have no idea.
18. Origin. THE CORRECTNESS-BY-DESIGN DUCK WILL BITE PHP • PHPESTE 2017
19. https://github.com/rawr-php/rawr-development
20. https://wiki.php.net/rfc/pipe-operator
21. Safer language without any runtime surprises Solve a few problems from PHP Humanized compiler
22. And by humanized I mean…
23. http://seriouspony.com/blog/2013/7/24/your-app-makes-me-fat
24. http://seriouspony.com/blog/2013/7/24/your-app-makes-me-fat
25. http://robotlolita.me/2016/01/09/no-i-dont-want-to-configure-your-app.html
26. Intermission! THE CORRECTNESS-BY-DESIGN DUCK WILL BITE PHP • PHPESTE 2017
27. Compilers 101
28. Tokenization Parsing Transformation Generation
29. Separate each keywords (called tokens) by white space. While we separate them, we also assign types to each token (e.g. “T_ECHO” or “T_FOREACH”). Tokenization Parsing Transformation Generation
30. Tokenization Parsing Transformation Generation Once a blob of text is separated into tokens, we go through each of them and try to find a relationship between tokens. By doing this, we start seeing a structure of the code.
31. Tokenization Parsing Transformation Generation Once we analyze syntax by parsing, we transform the structure to something suitable to the final result.
32. Tokenization Parsing Transformation Generation Lastly, we make the compiled result.
33. Tokenization Parsing Transformation Generation
34. Back-End Front-End
35. Deals with the language itself: tokenizing, parsing etc. Front-End
36. Back-End Deals with the target system: object code formats, the machine code itself etc.
37. Features. THE CORRECTNESS-BY-DESIGN DUCK WILL BITE PHP • PHPESTE 2017
38. Implicit currying Ad-hoc polymorphism Parametric polymorphism Structural type system Pattern matching Immutable by default
39. Implicit currying Ad-hoc polymorphism Parametric polymorphism Structural type system Pattern matching Immutable by default
40. Currying is the technique of transforming a function that takes multiple arguments in such a way that it can be called as a chain of functions each with a single argument. - Wikipedia
41. In computer science, partial application (or partial function application) refers to the process of fixing a number of arguments to a function, producing another function of smaller arity. - Wikipedia
42. Currying always produces nested unary (1-ary) functions. The transformed function is still largely the same as the original. Partial application produces functions of arbitrary arity. The transformed function is different from the original – it needs less arguments. - 2Ality
43. $add = partial(function($x, $y, $z) { return $x + $y + $z; }); $a = $add; $b = $add(10); $c = $add(10, 20); $d = $add(10, 20, 30); echo $a(10, 20, 30), PHP_EOL; echo $b(20, 30), PHP_EOL; echo $c(30), PHP_EOL; echo $d, PHP_EOL; https://github.com/haskellcamargo/php-partial-function-application
44. $add = partial(function($x, $y, $z) { return $x + $y + $z; }); $a = $add; $b = $add(10); $c = $add(10, 20); $d = $add(10, 20, 30); echo $a(10, 20, 30), PHP_EOL; echo $b(20, 30), PHP_EOL; echo $c(30), PHP_EOL; echo $d, PHP_EOL; https://github.com/haskellcamargo/php-partial-function-application
45. $add = partial(function($x, $y, $z) { return $x + $y + $z; }); $a = $add; $b = $add(10); $c = $add(10, 20); $d = $add(10, 20, 30); echo $a(10, 20, 30), PHP_EOL; echo $b(20, 30), PHP_EOL; echo $c(30), PHP_EOL; echo $d, PHP_EOL; https://github.com/haskellcamargo/php-partial-function-application
46. $add = partial(function($x, $y, $z) { return $x + $y + $z; }); $a = $add; $b = $add(10); $c = $add(10, 20); $d = $add(10, 20, 30); echo $a(10, 20, 30), PHP_EOL; echo $b(20, 30), PHP_EOL; echo $c(30), PHP_EOL; echo $d, PHP_EOL; https://github.com/haskellcamargo/php-partial-function-application
47. If your functions are in curried form, that makes it more convenient to partially apply them.
48. Implicit currying Ad-hoc polymorphism Parametric polymorphism Structural type system Pattern matching Immutable by default
49. A kind of polymorphism in which polymorphic functions can be applied to arguments of different types, because a polymorphic function can denote a number of distinct and potentially heterogeneous implementations depending on the type of argument(s) to which it is applied. - Wikipedia
50. a.k.a function/operator overloading
51. https://github.com/garex/php-ad-hoc-polymorphism-polyfill
52. Allows classes and methods to accept types as parameters, meaning that classes can be abstracted with respect to types.
53. https://github.com/TimeToogo/PHP-Generics
54. https://wiki.php.net/rfc/generics
55. Implicit currying Ad-hoc polymorphism Parametric polymorphism Structural type system Pattern matching Immutable by default
56. A structural type system (or property-based type system) is a major class of type system, in which type compatibility and equivalence are determined by the type's actual structure or definition, and not by other characteristics such as its name or place of declaration. - Wikipedia
57. interface A { value: number } interface B { value: number } A "# B $% False &' Nominal Type Systems A "# B $% True &' Structural Type Systems
58. Implicit currying Ad-hoc polymorphism Parametric polymorphism Structural type system Pattern matching Immutable by default
59. Pattern matching is not somehow an alternative of switch statement; it’s much more like another way of doing dynamic dispatch in OOP. They try to do the same thing: calling a different version of the function based on the dynamic type of the arguments. - Someone over the internet
60. Pattern matches can act upon ints, floats, strings and other types & objects. Method dispatch requires an object. Pattern matches can act upon several different values simultaneously. Method dispatch is limited to the single this case in mainstream languages. Patterns can be nested, allowing dispatch over trees of arbitrary depth. Method dispatch is limited to the non-nested case.
61. Pattern matches can act upon ints, floats, strings and other types as well as objects. Method dispatch requires an object. Pattern matches can act upon several different values simultaneously. Method dispatch is limited to the single this case in mainstream languages. Patterns can be nested, allowing dispatch over trees of arbitrary depth. Method dispatch is limited to the non-nested case.
62. Pattern matches can act upon ints, floats, strings and other types as well as objects. Method dispatch requires an object. Pattern matches can act upon several different values simultaneously. Method dispatch is limited to the single this case in mainstream languages. Patterns can be nested, allowing dispatch over trees of arbitrary depth. Method dispatch is limited to the non-nested case.
63. Pattern matches can act upon ints, floats, strings and other types & objects. Method dispatch requires an object. Pattern matches can act upon several different values simultaneously. Method dispatch is limited to the single this case in mainstream languages. Patterns can be nested, allowing dispatch over trees of arbitrary depth. Method dispatch is limited to the non-nested case.
64. fn fact(n :: number) *→ number :- match n with 0 *→ 1 n *→ n * fact(n - 1) end
65. Implicit currying Ad-hoc polymorphism Parametric polymorphism Structural type system Pattern matching Immutable by default
66. Mutability is evil! It can set your house on fire, kill your cat and buy costumes on e-bay using your credit card! Be careful! - Real world functional programming in JS, by Marcelo Camargo (@haskellcamargo)
67. Weirdo Stuff. THE CORRECTNESS-BY-DESIGN DUCK WILL BITE PHP • PHPESTE 2017
68. No nulls. No errors. Just monads. Explicit side-effects Code with no side-effects is compile- time optimized Tail Call Optimization over the language AST Pluggable back-ends Syntax-highlighted REPL (which shouts Quack)
69. No nulls. No errors. Just monads. Explicit side-effects Code with no side-effects is compile- time optimized Tail Call Optimization over the language AST Pluggable back-ends Syntax-highlighted REPL (which shouts Quack)
70. No nulls. No errors. Just monads. Explicit side-effects Code with no side-effects is compile- time optimized Tail Call Optimization over the language AST Pluggable back-ends Syntax-highlighted REPL (which shouts Quack)
71. No nulls. No errors. Just monads. Explicit side-effects Code with no side-effects is compile- time optimized Tail Call Optimization over the language AST Pluggable back-ends Syntax-highlighted REPL (which shouts Quack)
72. No nulls. No errors. Just monads. Explicit side-effects Code with no side-effects is compile- time optimized Tail Call Optimization over the language AST Pluggable back-ends Syntax-highlighted REPL (which shouts Quack)
73. No nulls. No errors. Just monads. Explicit side-effects Code with no side-effects is compile- time optimized Tail Call Optimization over the language AST Pluggable back-ends Syntax-highlighted REPL (which shouts Quack)
74. Fun Facts. THE CORRECTNESS-BY-DESIGN DUCK WILL BITE PHP • PHPESTE 2017
75. 95% of PHP + 5% of Quack ~3 years of research over the compiler Self-compiled compiler = ~100KB
76. Status. THE CORRECTNESS-BY-DESIGN DUCK WILL BITE PHP • PHPESTE 2017
77. Both lexer and parser are finished. Type system in final stages. Final code generation tool in progress.
78. Mission. THE CORRECTNESS-BY-DESIGN DUCK WILL BITE PHP • PHPESTE 2017
79. Is PHP going to die?
80. https://github.com/jashkenas/coffeescript/wiki/list-of-languages-that-compile-to-js
81. https://github.com/jashkenas/coffeescript/wiki/list-of-languages-that-compile-to-js ~250
82. #1
83. Compile-to-language-x- languages (generally) don’t intend to kill x; they push its spec forward.
84. #2
85. When it comes to PLT, there’s much awesome stuff happening here in ! of which many people out there just have no idea.
86. https://elixirconf.com
87. https://elixirconf.com QUACK Quack XX
88. https://elixirconf.com QUACK Quack XX
89. Who knows?
90. Thanks . матеус албукерки • @ythecombinator • www.ythecombinator.me