DevSecOops - Stories of DevSecOps Failures and Success

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1. Copyright © we45 2020 DevSecOops! Stories of DevSecOps Failures and Success Abhay Bhargav
2. Copyright © we45 2020 abhaybhargav Yours Truly • Founder @ we45 • Chief Architect - Orchestron • AppSec Automation Junkie • Trainer/Speaker at DEF CON, BlackHat, OWASP Events, etc world-wide • Lead Trainer - we45 Training and Workshops • Co-author of Secure Java For Web Application Development • Author of PCI Compliance: A Definitive Guide
3. abhaybhargav we45 Today… • Stories. Inspired by Real-Life Events • Problems of varied size, scale and complexity • Compressed into a single scenario for ease of understanding
4. Copyright © we45 2020 Some Undeniable Truths
5. Copyright © we45 2020 Some Undeniable Truths
6. Copyright © we45 2020 Some Undeniable Truths
7. Copyright © we45 2020 Some Undeniable Truths
8. Copyright © we45 2020 Prelude • B2B - Cloud Storage Product Company • Diverse Suite of Products - Core Suite, Client Apps, etc • We work with them as an extended AppSec Team • Diverse Stack: Java, NodeJS, Native Mobile Apps, AWS, Containers, nascent Kubernetes Deployment • Combination of monoliths and newer microservices style apps
9. Copyright © we45 2020 The Good • AppSec Training for Developers - Mandatory - During the year • Automated Security Checks in the CI Pipeline - Triaged and reported • Automated Vulnerability Management Tools • Exploring Bug-Bounty program in addition to internal pen testing
10. Copyright © we45 2020 The Good • AppSec Training for Developers - Mandatory - During the year • Automated Security Checks in the CI Pipeline - Triaged and reported • Automated Vulnerability Management Tools • Exploring Bug-Bounty program in addition to internal pen testing
11. Copyright © we45 2020 Problem “We’re finding a LOT of the same issues again and again”
12. Copyright © we45 2020 Breaking down the Problem 1. Similar classes of AppSec issues cropping up across different products and services 2. Automated Checks in place - But Triaging and fixing would result in delays 3. Architectural Issues not identified soon enough - Resulting in (1)
13. Copyright © we45 2020 High-Level Approach
14. Copyright © we45 2020 High-Level Approach
15. Copyright © we45 2020 High-Level Approach
16. Copyright © we45 2020 High-Level Approach
17. Copyright © we45 2020 abhaybhargav DevSecOps Plan Code Build Test Release Deploy Operate Monitor Threat modeling SAST Security - Composition DAST IAST GitOps, Security in IaC SOAR/UEBA
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19. Copyright © we45 2020 Developers as Customers
20. Copyright © we45 2020 Developers are our Customers • Devs have high pressure deadlines like the rest of us • Security being hard is likely to be Security NOT done • Happy Path: Security through HIGHER Dev Productivity
21. Copyright © we45 2020 Which means… • Classifying and Baselining Types of Security Bugs • Security Engineering - Secure Defaults • Better Security Training for Developers
22. Copyright © we45 2020 Approach to Mitigation • Most Effective & Scalable => Scalably Reducing Risk (Classes of Risk) • Effective NOT Scalable => Finding Individual Bugs • Baseline (Eliminate) the easy bugs
23. Copyright © we45 2020 Threat Scenarios/Vulns by Complexity Easy Medium Complex Missing TLS (SSL) SQL Injection Multi-Step/Event-Driven Flaws Security Headers Session-Fixation and Session Based Flaws Business Logic Flaws Missing Security Defaults (Passwords, Configs) XSS Flaws Authorization Flaws (Param Pollution) Calling obviously dangerous functions (eval, etc) Most other OWASP Top 10 Bugs
24. Copyright © we45 2020 Threat Scenarios/Vulns by Complexity Easy Medium Complex Missing TLS (SSL) SQL Injection Multi-Step/Event-Driven Flaws Security Headers Session-Fixation and Session Based Flaws Business Logic Flaws Missing Security Defaults (Passwords, Configs) XSS Flaws Authorization Flaws (Param Pollution) Calling obviously dangerous functions (eval, etc) Most other OWASP Top 10 Bugs Certain Crypto Flaws
25. Copyright © we45 2020 Tradeoffs? Safe:Easy • There’s easy ways to achieve X for any developer • And there’s safe ways for a developer to achieve X • The objective is to make the safe way, as easy as possible
26. Copyright © we45 2020 Sec Engineering: Secure Defaults • Falls into the Bucket of Security Engineering • Idea is to default to secure behavior rather than teaching folks, complex ways to create secure behavior • Has seen lots of success in: • Secrets and Crypto • Authentication/AuthZ • Injection and XSS
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28. Copyright © we45 2020 –Google’s Tink Library Docs. Tink is a misuse resistant crypto library “Using crypto in your application shouldn't have to feel like juggling chainsaws in the dark.”
29. Copyright © we45 2020 Crypto - Secure Default • Misuse Resistant • Strong Algos only • Strong padding techniques • Easy to use • No exposure to padding/nonces/IV • Secure by default Functions only • Explicit Insecure Modes only
30. Copyright © we45 2020 Attacks against PKI (RSA)
31. Copyright © we45 2020 Attacks against PKI (RSA)
32. Copyright © we45 2020 Attacks against PKI (RSA)
33. Copyright © we45 2020 Attacks against PKI (RSA)
34. Copyright © we45 2020 Attacks against PKI (RSA)
35. Copyright © we45 2020 Attacks against PKI (RSA)
36. Copyright © we45 2020 Attacks against PKI (RSA)
37. Copyright © we45 2020 Other examples of Secure Defaults • Secure wrapper Libraries to existing Libraries with insecure defaults • Secure-By-Default Libraries and Frameworks •
38. Copyright © we45 2020 Secure Defaults: Tooling • SAST rules to identify use of insecure libraries • Personally love Semgrep, CodeQL for this • Lower false-positives when scanning for specific items
39. Copyright © we45 2020 Secure Defaults: Training/Docs
40. Copyright © we45 2020 Feedback Loops
41. Copyright © we45 2020 Long-running jobs
42. Copyright © we45 2020 Long-running jobs
43. Copyright © we45 2020 Long-running jobs
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48. Copyright © we45 2020 Examples of Feedback Loops • Closer to Developer: IDE • Git hooks • Pull Requests
49. Copyright © we45 2020 Amazon Step Functions
50. Copyright © we45 2020 Decentralizing Security
51. Copyright © we45 2020 Decentralizing Security • Decentralized Security Libraries and Frameworks: • Open-Policy-Agent • Casbin •
52. Copyright © we45 2020 Agile AppSec/DevSecOps/Continuous AppSec Plan Code Build Test Release Deploy Operate Monitor Threat modeling SAST Security - Composition DAST IAST Deployment Security Security monitoring & attack detection
53. Copyright © we45 2020 Agile Threat Modeling Plan Code Build Test Release Deploy Operate Monitor Threat modeling SAST Security - Composition DAST IAST Deployment Security Security monitoring & attack detection
54. Copyright © we45 2020 Agile Threat Modeling Plan Code Build Test Release Deploy Operate Monitor Threat modeling SAST Security - Composition DAST IAST Deployment Security Security monitoring & attack detection Model Stories
55. Copyright © we45 2020 Agile Threat Modeling Plan Code Build Test Release Deploy Operate Monitor Threat modeling SAST Security - Composition DAST IAST Deployment Security Security monitoring & attack detection Model Stories Security Acceptance Criteria
56. Copyright © we45 2020 Agile Threat Modeling Plan Code Build Test Release Deploy Operate Monitor Threat modeling SAST Security - Composition DAST IAST Deployment Security Security monitoring & attack detection Model Stories Security Acceptance Criteria Mitigations & Baselines
57. Copyright © we45 2020 Agile Threat Modeling Plan Code Build Test Release Deploy Operate Monitor Threat modeling SAST Security - Composition DAST IAST Deployment Security Security monitoring & attack detection Model Stories Security Acceptance Criteria Mitigations & Baselines Security Test Cases
58. Copyright © we45 2020 Agile Threat Modeling Plan Code Build Test Release Deploy Operate Monitor Threat modeling SAST Security - Composition DAST IAST Deployment Security Security monitoring & attack detection Model Stories Security Acceptance Criteria Mitigations & Baselines Security Test Cases Attack Models
59. Copyright © we45 2020 Agile Threat Modeling Plan Code Build Test Release Deploy Operate Monitor Threat modeling SAST Security - Composition DAST IAST Deployment Security Security monitoring & attack detection Model Stories Security Acceptance Criteria Mitigations & Baselines Security Test Cases Attack Models Test Automation
60. Copyright © we45 2020 Agile Threat Modeling Plan Code Build Test Release Deploy Operate Monitor Threat modeling SAST Security - Composition DAST IAST Deployment Security Security monitoring & attack detection Model Stories Security Acceptance Criteria Mitigations & Baselines Security Test Cases Attack Models Test Automation Detection Models
61. Copyright © we45 2020 Why?
62. Copyright © we45 2020 Why?
63. Copyright © we45 2020 Story-Driven Threat Modeling
64. Copyright © we45 2020 Some Background • Story-Driven Threat Modeling is threat modeling against user stories/ functionality definitions in the sprint. • The idea is to break threat modeling down by feature to produce useful, effective, yet efficient threat models • Not perfect, and still doesn’t negate the need for a system-wide threat model. But most effective in Agile Development
65. Copyright © we45 2020 Pre-requisites • Cross-Functional Team running the Threat Model • Leave your egos at the door • Run in Sprint Planning Meeting • Consider multi-stage approach
66. Copyright © we45 2020 Success Factors • Focus on “Good-enough” Threat Models • Keep the feature in scope - don’t dwell too outside of it • Cross-Functional Team • Just enough Information
67. Copyright © we45 2020 Put another way….
68. Copyright © we45 2020 Put another way…. User Story/Feature Description
69. Copyright © we45 2020 Put another way…. User Story/Feature Description
70. Copyright © we45 2020 Put another way…. User Story/Feature Description Abuser Story
71. Copyright © we45 2020 Put another way…. User Story/Feature Description Abuser Story What abuses against Functionality
72. Copyright © we45 2020 Put another way…. User Story/Feature Description Abuser Story What abuses against Functionality
73. Copyright © we45 2020 Put another way…. User Story/Feature Description Abuser Story Threat Scenario What abuses against Functionality
74. Copyright © we45 2020 Put another way…. User Story/Feature Description Abuser Story Threat Scenario What abuses against Functionality How Abuse comes to life
75. Copyright © we45 2020 Put another way…. User Story/Feature Description Abuser Story Threat Scenario What abuses against Functionality How Abuse comes to life
76. Copyright © we45 2020 Put another way…. User Story/Feature Description Abuser Story Threat Scenario What abuses against Functionality How Abuse comes to life Mitigations
77. Copyright © we45 2020 Put another way…. User Story/Feature Description Abuser Story Threat Scenario What abuses against Functionality How Abuse comes to life Mitigations
78. Copyright © we45 2020 Put another way…. User Story/Feature Description Abuser Story Threat Scenario What abuses against Functionality How Abuse comes to life Mitigations Security Test Case