Android版 nanaとデータの永続化とDatabase

社内勉強会の資料です #深いい勉強会

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1. Android൛ nanaͱ σʔλͷӬଓԽͱ Database
2. AndroidͱσʔλͷӬଓԽ • API • SharedPreferences • SQLite • Content Provider • FirebaseͳͲͷ֎෦ͷαʔϏε
3. nanaͱσʔλͷӬଓԽ • nana͸ԻָͷετϦʔϛϯάαʔϏε • ΦϑϥΠϯͰͷ࢖༻͸Ͱ͖ͳͯ͘Α͍ • σʔλ͸λΠϜϦʔʹߋ৽͕͔͚ଓ͚ΒΕΔ • CacheΛ͢Δ͜ͱͰɺෆ۩߹ͱͳͬͯ͠·͏͜ͱ΋ • େྔσʔλΛϩʔΧϧͰอଘ͢Δέʔε͕͋·Γͳ͍
4. Android൛nanaʹ͓͚ΔσʔλͷӬଓԽ • nana API • SharedPreferences • SQLite(Orma)
5. Android൛nanaͱSQLite • ςΠΫϦετͷอ࣋Ͱ࢖༻ • iOS൛ͱൺֱͯ͠SQLiteΛ΄ͱΜͲ࢖͍ͬͯͳ͍ • جຊతʹσʔλͷӬଓԽ͸SharedPreferences(key-value data)Λ࢖༻ • ςʔϒϧͷมߋ΋΄΅ࠓ·Ͱൃੜ͍ͯ͠ͳ͍ • ࠓޙػೳ௥ՃͰར༻έʔε͕૿͑Δ͔΋
6. Android൛nanaͱSQLite → Object Mapper, O/R MapperʹٻΊΒΕΔཁ ݅΋ଟ͘ͳ͍
7. ͳͥOrma ? ͳͥRoom ? • ϘΠϥʔϓϨʔτίʔυΛࣗಈੜ੒ • ։ൃίετΛ཈͑ΒΕΔ • Coding • Test • Review Pull Request • Fix Bugs • ҆৺ײ
8. Ormaͱ͸ • Object Relational Mapper • SQLiteΛѻ͏σʔλϕʔε ϥΠϒϥϦ • Ξϊςʔγϣϯ ϓϩηοαʔͰॲཧΛੜ੒ • RelationΛؚΊͯEntity Classʹهड़͕Ͱ͖Δ • গͳ͍มߋͰ͋Ε͹ϚΠάϨʔγϣϯίʔυΛॻ͔ͳͯ͘΋Α͍ • SQL QueryΛࣗಈੜ੒ɻSQL QueryΛॻ͔ͳͯ͘ྑ͍
9. Roomͱ͸ • Object Mapper • SQLiteΛѻ͏σʔλϕʔε ϥΠϒϥϦ • Ξϊςʔγϣϯ ϓϩηοαʔͰॲཧΛੜ੒ • SQL QueryΛॻ͘ඞཁ͕͋Δ • SQL QueryΛͰ͖ΔݶΓίϯύΠϧ࣌ʹݕূ • SQL ͱ Java/Kotlin ؒͷܕ҆શʹରԠ • LiveData/RxJavaͰͷςʔϒϧ؂ࢹ • Unit Test΋૝ఆ • ϚΠάϨʔγϣϯͷςετίʔυΛॻ͚ΔͷͰ҆৺
10. Roomͷಛ௃ • SQLΛӅṭ͠ͳ͍ • JavaͰSQLΫΤϦΛ૊ΈཱͯͨΓ͸͠ͳ͍ • ΫΤϦ͸جຊతʹಉظతʹ࣮ߦ • ඇಉظॲཧ͸LiveData΍RxJavaͳͲʹ೚ͤΔ • ߏ੒͕Retrofit΍Daggerʹ͍ۙͷͰཧղ͠΍͍͢ɺಋೖ͠΍͍͢ • TableؒͷRelationͷఆٛ͸Entity্ͰߦΘͳ͍
11. Ormaͷྑ͍఺ ·ͱΊ • RelationΛؚΊͯEntity Classʹهड़͕Ͱ͖Δ • গͳ͍มߋͰ͋Ε͹ϚΠάϨʔγϣϯίʔυ Λॻ͔ͳͯ͘΋Α͍ • SQL QueryΛࣗಈੜ੒ɻSQL QueryΛॻ͔ͳ ͯ͘ྑ͍
12. Roomͷྑ͍఺ ·ͱΊ • Google͕։ൃ͍ͯ͠Δ҆৺ײɺܧଓతͳαϙʔτ͕ ظ଴Ͱ͖Δ • DatabaseΠϯελϯεͷੜ੒͕OrmaΑΓߴ଎ • Roomͷ΄͏͕ߏ੒͕ΑΓγϯϓϧͰɺཧղ͠΍͍͢ • QueryΛ໌ࣔతʹ͔͚ΔͨΊ҆৺ײ͕͋Δ
13. ͳͥҠߦʁ • OrmaͷϝϦοτ͸ɺnanaͷϢʔεέʔε͔Β ͋·ΓॏཁͰ͸ͳ͍ • τϨϯυΛ཈͓͑ͯ͘͜ͱͰɺࠓޙͷ։ൃ͕ εϐʔσΟʔʹͭͳΔ͜ͱΛظ଴
14. Ҡߦ ʂ
15. Orma͔ΒRoom΁ͷҠߦ • SQLiteͷMapperϥΠϒϥϦͳͷͰɺ಺෦ͷ SQLiteͷdatabase໊Λࢦఆ͢Ε͹σʔλͷҠ ߦ͸ෆཁ • هड़΋͍ۙͷͰɺൺֱత؆୯ʹҠߦ͕Ͱ͖Δ
16. Room جຊཁૉ • Database • σʔλϕʔεຊମ • Entity • ςʔϒϧ / ͦͷςʔϒϧͷ 1 ߦΛද͢ • DAO (Data Access Object) • SQL ΫΤϦʔͱ Java/Kotlin ϝιουͷؔ࿈෇͚
17. MVVMͱRoom
18. Database private const val DB_NAME = "app.db" @Database(entities = [(User::class)], version = 1) abstract class UserDatabase : RoomDatabase() { abstract fun userDao(): UserDao companion object { @Volatile private var INSTANCE: UserDatabase? = null @JvmStatic fun getInstance(context: Context): UserDatabase = INSTANCE ?: synchronized(this) { INSTANCE ?: buildDatabase(context).also { INSTANCE = it } } private fun buildDatabase(context: Context) = Room.databaseBuilder(context.applicationContext, UserDatabase::class.java, DB_NAME) .build() } }
19. Entity @Entity(tableName = “user”, indices = [Index(value = ["username"], unique = true)]) data class User(@PrimaryKey(autoGenerate = true) @ColumnInfo(name = "_id") var id: Int = 0, @ColumnInfo(name = "username") var userName: String? = null
20. Entity @Dao interface UserDao { @Query("SELECT * FROM user WHERE _id = :id") fun getUserById(id: Int): Flowable<User> @Query("SELECT * FROM user ORDER BY username DESC") fun getAllUser(): List<User> @Insert(onConflict = OnConflictStrategy.REPLACE) fun insertUser(user: User): Long @Query("SELECT COUNT(_id) FROM user") fun getNumberOfRows(): Int @Query("DELETE FROM user") fun deleteAllUser() }
21. ·ͱΊ • Orma΋Room΋ૉ੖Β͍͠ • Roomͷ΄͏͕γϯϓϧͰ޷͖ • SQLiteϕʔεͳͷͰҠߦ΋؆୯ • τϥϯβΫγϣϯͱ͔೉͍͜͠ͱߟ͑ͳͯ͘ ྑ͍ͷ͸ָ
22. ࢀߟ • https://qiita.com/SYABU555/items/9eeaaa2a1172b479b6c4 • https://qiita.com/narazoro/items/22f4c7067812ec68938b • https://qiita.com/Yuki_Yamada/items/ 73bffb6a3697cb62f9e1 • https://blog.tkt989.info/2017/11/27/ androidorma%E3%81%A8room%E3%81%AE%E5%88%9D %E6%9C%9F%E5%8C%96%E9%80%9F%E5%BA6%E3%82 %92%E6%AF%94%E8%BC%83/