PERFMATTERS for Android - DevFest Switzerland 2016

The slogan '#PERFMATTERS' by Colt McAnlis is one of the most important statements, which an Android developer should follow. A well performing application makes the difference between a nice looking application and one, which gets successful. You, as an Android developer, have the responsibility to delight your users, so they don't feel how much work your application has to burden to fulfill the user's needs. This session will show you some easy optimizations and how to avoid glitches in the application. A lot of developers would shout, that this is premature optimization. In contrary it is preventive. With a small amount of work while developing you can avoid a lot of pitfalls. You will hopefully have a better understanding of the underlying system afterwards. During the session some tools and frameworks will be presented for helping you to fulfill your mission.

Transcript

1. #DevFestCH
   www.immobilienscout24.de
   Hasan Hosgel – DevFest Switzerland 2016
   #PERFMATTERS
   for Android
   

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2. #DevFestCH #PERFMATTERS for Android | Hasan Hosgel
   Immobilien Scout GmbH
   Location: Berlin
   Employees: ~ 520
   > 850.000 ads per month
   > 787 M visits in 2014*
   > 6 M Android downloads
   *source: comScore Digital Analytix,
   January 2015,
   complete IS24 (Portal & Mobile)
   

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3. #DevFestCH
   Why we are developers?
   

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4. #DevFestCH
   Why we are developers?
   ESPECIALLY ANDROID
   

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5. #DevFestCH
   We are smart!
   Source: http://giphy.com/gifs/computer-nerd-geek-D0EjguuQzYr9m
   

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6. #DevFestCH
   We Love Android!
   Source: http://giphy.com/gifs/apple-looney-tunes-android-4A41Wn7C32RiM
   

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7. #DevFestCH
   We have Passion!
   Source: http://giphy.com/gifs/love-black-and-white-bw-WN2996KtK4V68
   

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8. #DevFestCH
   We Love Challenges
   Source: http://memecrunch.com/generator/template/1080659/raging-rambo/
   

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9. #DevFestCH
   Source: Photo by Sujaki-F
   To Handle These
   

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10. #DevFestCH
    We Love Money
    Source: http://giphy.com/gifs/m7FO0p9hTc59e
    

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11. #DevFestCH
    We love to delight our users
    Source: http://giphy.com/gifs/the-simpsons-brake-my-wife-please-d4OFne9zaO9Ne
    

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12. #DevFestCH
    User Expectations
    

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13. #DevFestCH
    User Expectations
    Mobile App Users are impatient
    Source: https://ssl.www8.hp.com/ww/en/secure/pdf/4aa5-7696enw.pdf
    

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14. #DevFestCH
    User Expectations
    Mobile App Users are impatient
    • 61% app start < 4 s
    Source: https://ssl.www8.hp.com/ww/en/secure/pdf/4aa5-7696enw.pdf
    

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15. #DevFestCH
    User Expectations
    Mobile App Users are impatient
    • 61% app start < 4 s
    • 49% app start < 2 s
    Source: https://ssl.www8.hp.com/ww/en/secure/pdf/4aa5-7696enw.pdf
    

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16. #DevFestCH
    User Expectations
    Mobile App Users are impatient
    • 61% app start < 4 s
    • 49% app start < 2 s
    Users are intolerant of issues and are quick to uninstall mobile
    apps
    Source: https://ssl.www8.hp.com/ww/en/secure/pdf/4aa5-7696enw.pdf
    

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17. #DevFestCH
    User Expectations
    Mobile App Users are impatient
    • 61% app start < 4 s
    • 49% app start < 2 s
    Users are intolerant of issues and are quick to uninstall mobile
    apps
    • 80% three attempts or less
    Source: https://ssl.www8.hp.com/ww/en/secure/pdf/4aa5-7696enw.pdf
    

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18. #DevFestCH
    User Expectations
    Mobile App Users are impatient
    • 61% app start < 4 s
    • 49% app start < 2 s
    Users are intolerant of issues and are quick to uninstall mobile
    apps
    • 80% three attempts or less
    • 53% apps with severe issues like crashes, freezes or errors
    Source: https://ssl.www8.hp.com/ww/en/secure/pdf/4aa5-7696enw.pdf
    

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19. #DevFestCH
    User Expectations
    Mobile App Users are impatient
    • 61% app start < 4 s
    • 49% app start < 2 s
    Users are intolerant of issues and are quick to uninstall mobile
    apps
    • 80% three attempts or less
    • 53% apps with severe issues like crashes, freezes or errors
    • 36% heavy battery usage
    Source: https://ssl.www8.hp.com/ww/en/secure/pdf/4aa5-7696enw.pdf
    

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20. #DevFestCH
    User Expectations
    Source: https://ssl.www8.hp.com/ww/en/secure/pdf/4aa5-7696enw.pdf
    

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21. #DevFestCH
    User Expectations
    Users blame the app and the company who made it
    Source: https://ssl.www8.hp.com/ww/en/secure/pdf/4aa5-7696enw.pdf
    

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22. #DevFestCH
    User Expectations
    Users blame the app and the company who made it
    • 55% app is responsible for performance issues
    Source: https://ssl.www8.hp.com/ww/en/secure/pdf/4aa5-7696enw.pdf
    

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23. #DevFestCH
    User Expectations
    Users blame the app and the company who made it
    • 55% app is responsible for performance issues
    • 37% Stated that app crashes or errors make them think less of a company’s brand
    Source: https://ssl.www8.hp.com/ww/en/secure/pdf/4aa5-7696enw.pdf
    

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24. #DevFestCH
    Performance Impacts
    500 ms delay
    • bounce rate -4.7% -- conversion rate -1.9%
    1,000 ms delay
    • bounce rate -8.3% -- Conversion rate -3.5%
    100ms delay mean for Amazon -1% revenue
    11% scream at their device
    4 % throw their phones
    Source: http://www.mobilejoomla.com/media/press/responsive-vs-serverside/Responsive-Design-vs-
    Server-Side-Solutions-Infographic.jpg
    http://giphy.com/gifs/reactiongifs-angry-time-
    1306MTkHlXkUZG
    http://giphy.com/gifs/homer-simpson-fat-mumu-
    Sm8Ec3ddRWXa8
    

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26. Source: http://giphy.com/gifs/sad-kawaii-pretty-10XOyCb09KyjLy
    

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27. #DevFestCH
    www.immobilienscout24.de
    Let‘s find some performance improvements
    

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28. #DevFestCH
    Possible improvements
    CPU
    Memory
    I/O
    

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29. #DevFestCH
    Possible improvements
    CPU
    Memory
    I/O
    

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30. #DevFestCH
    Possible improvements
    CPU
    Memory
    I/O
    • Keep the work of the main
    thread à ANR
    

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31. #DevFestCH
    Possible improvements
    CPU
    Memory
    I/O
    • Keep the work of the main
    thread à ANR
    • Avoid GPU overdrawings
    • https://www.youtube.com/watc
    h?v=T52v50r-JfE
    

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32. #DevFestCH
    Possible improvements
    CPU
    Memory
    I/O
    • Keep the work of the main
    thread à ANR
    • Avoid GPU overdrawings
    • https://www.youtube.com/watc
    h?v=T52v50r-JfE
    • Avoid nested multi-pass
    layouts
    • http://goo.gl/Q5te24
    

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33. #DevFestCH
    Possible improvements
    CPU
    Memory
    I/O
    • Keep the work of the main
    thread à ANR
    • Avoid GPU overdrawings
    • https://www.youtube.com/watc
    h?v=T52v50r-JfE
    • Avoid nested multi-pass
    layouts
    • http://goo.gl/Q5te24
    • Consider RenderScript for
    performance critical code
    

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34. #DevFestCH
    Possible improvements
    CPU
    Memory
    I/O
    

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35. #DevFestCH
    Possible improvements
    CPU
    Memory
    I/O
    • Do not allocate memory inside
    onDraw()
    

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36. #DevFestCH
    Possible improvements
    CPU
    Memory
    I/O
    • Do not allocate memory inside
    onDraw()
    • Avoid Leaks
    

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37. #DevFestCH
    LeakCanary to the Rescue
    https://github.com/square/leakcan
    ary
    

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38. #DevFestCH
    Setup LeakCanary
    debugCompile 'com.squareup.leakcanary:leakcanary-android:1.5'
    releaseCompile 'com.squareup.leakcanary:leakcanary-android-no-op:1.5’
    build.gradle
    public class DfChApplication extends Application {
    @Override
    public void onCreate() {
    super.onCreate();
    LeakCanary.install(this);
    }
    }
    DfChApplication.java
    

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39. #DevFestCH
    Use Your Debug Build Normally
    

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40. #DevFestCH
    Analyze Memory
    

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41. #DevFestCH
    Analyze Heap Dump
    

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42. #DevFestCH
    Analyze Heap Dump
    

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43. #DevFestCH
    Analyze Heap Dump since AS 1.5
    

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44. #DevFestCH
    Analyze Memory
    

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45. #DevFestCH
    Possible improvements
    CPU
    Memory
    I/O
    • Do not allocate memory inside
    onDraw()
    • Avoid Leaks
    • Avoid listener à EventBus
    

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46. #DevFestCH
    Possible improvements
    CPU
    Memory
    I/O
    • Do not allocate memory inside
    onDraw()
    • Avoid Leaks
    • Avoid listener à EventBus
    • Use SparseArray* family
    instead of JDK Collections/
    Maps
    

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47. #DevFestCH
    Possible improvements
    CPU
    Memory
    I/O
    • Do not allocate memory inside
    onDraw()
    • Avoid Leaks
    • Avoid listener à EventBus
    • Use SparseArray* family
    instead of JDK Collections/
    Maps
    • Be aware that enums need
    more resource, but use them, if
    it will make sense for you
    

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48. #DevFestCH
    Possible improvements
    CPU
    Memory
    I/O
    

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49. #DevFestCH
    Possible improvements
    CPU
    Memory
    I/O
    • Activate gzip compression on
    incoming and outgoing
    network traffic or FlatBuffer
    

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50. #DevFestCH
    Analyze First Start
    

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51. #DevFestCH
    Analyze Second Start
    

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52. #DevFestCH
    Analyze Second Start
    

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53. #DevFestCH
    Possible improvements
    CPU
    Memory
    I/O
    • Activate gzip compression on
    incoming and outgoing
    network traffic or FlatBuffer
    • Cache data on disk (image,
    http responses) with
    reasonable TTL
    

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54. #DevFestCH
    Finally Second Start
    

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55. #DevFestCH
    Possible improvements
    CPU
    Memory
    I/O
    • Activate gzip compression on
    incoming and outgoing
    network traffic or FlatBuffer
    • Cache data on disk (image,
    http responses) with
    reasonable TTL
    • Server side cache headers like
    ETag & Last-Modified
    

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56. #DevFestCH
    Possible improvements
    CPU
    Memory
    I/O
    • Activate gzip compression on
    incoming and outgoing
    network traffic or FlatBuffer
    • Cache data on disk (image,
    http responses) with
    reasonable TTL
    • Server side cache headers like
    ETag & Last-Modified
    • Use JobScheduler API to batch
    across system or better use
    push notifications for update
    information
    

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57. Source: http://www.flickr.com/photos/16210667@N02/9172895225
    

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58. Source: http://giphy.com/gifs/nintendo-internet-reacts-SFmuVYqfnn4re
    

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59. #DevFestCH
    Optimizing ArrayList
    

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60. #DevFestCH
    Optimizing ArrayList
    public List getDfChNames(List attendees) {
    List names = new ArrayList<>();
    for (Attendee attendee : attendees) {
    names.add(attendee.name);
    }
    return names;
    }
    JAVA
    

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61. #DevFestCH
    Optimizing ArrayList
    public List getDfChNames(List attendees) {
    List names = new ArrayList<>(attendees.size());
    for (Attendee attendee : attendees) {
    names.add(attendee.name);
    }
    return names;
    }
    JAVA
    

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62. #DevFestCH
    Optimizing ArrayList
    @Override public boolean add(E object) {
    Object[] a = array;
    int s = size;
    if (s == a.length) {
    Object[] newArray = new Object[s +
    (s < (MIN_CAPACITY_INCREMENT / 2) ?
    MIN_CAPACITY_INCREMENT : s >> 1)];
    System.arraycopy(a, 0, newArray, 0, s);
    array = a = newArray;
    }
    a[s] = object;
    size = s + 1;
    modCount++;
    return true;
    }
    JAVA
    

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63. #DevFestCH
    Optimizing ArrayList
    void addDfChSpeaker(ArrayList attendees, List speakers) {
    for (String speaker : speakers) {
    attendees.add(speaker);
    }
    }
    JAVA
    

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64. #DevFestCH
    Optimizing ArrayList
    void addDfChSpeaker(ArrayList attendees, List speakers) {
    attendees.ensureCapacity(attendees.size() + speakers.size());
    for (String speaker : speakers) {
    attendees.add(speaker);
    }
    }
    JAVA
    

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65. #DevFestCH
    Optimizing Bundle
    

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66. #DevFestCH
    Optimizing Bundle
    public static DfChScheduleFragment instance(int startMode) {
    final DfChScheduleFragment fragment = new DfChScheduleFragment();
    final Bundle bundle = new Bundle();
    bundle.putInt(START_MODE, startMode);
    fragment.setArguments(bundle);
    return fragment;
    }
    JAVA
    

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67. #DevFestCH
    Optimizing Bundle
    public static DfChScheduleFragment instance(int startMode) {
    final DfChScheduleFragment fragment = new DfChScheduleFragment();
    final Bundle bundle = new Bundle(1);
    bundle.putInt(START_MODE, startMode);
    fragment.setArguments(bundle);
    return fragment;
    }
    JAVA
    

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68. #DevFestCH
    Optimizing StringBuilder
    

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69. #DevFestCH
    Optimizing StringBuilder
    public StringBuilder getDfChNames(List names) {
    StringBuilder builder = new StringBuilder();
    for (String name : names) {
    if (builder.length() > 0) {
    builder.append(", ");
    }
    builder.append(name);
    }
    return builder;
    }
    JAVA
    

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70. #DevFestCH
    Optimizing StringBuilder
    public StringBuilder getDfChNames(List names) {
    StringBuilder builder = new StringBuilder(names.size() * 13);
    for (String name : names) {
    if (builder.length() > 0) {
    builder.append(", ");
    }
    builder.append(name);
    }
    return builder;
    }
    JAVA
    

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71. #DevFestCH
    Optimizing StringBuilder
    final void append0(char[] chars) {
    int newCount = count + chars.length;
    if (newCount > value.length) {
    enlargeBuffer(newCount);
    }
    System.arraycopy(chars, 0, value, count, chars.length);
    count = newCount;
    }
    JAVA
    

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72. #DevFestCH
    Optimizing StringBuilder
    public StringBuilder addDfChOrganizer(StringBuilder names, List organizers) {
    names.ensureCapacity(names.length() + organizers.size() * 13);
    for (String organizer : organizers) {
    if (names.length() > 0) {
    names.append(", ");
    }
    names.append(organizer);
    }
    }
    JAVA
    

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73. #DevFestCH
    Optimizing Loops
    

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74. #DevFestCH
    Optimizing Moar – The Loop
    public StringBuilder addDfChOrganizer(StringBuilder names, List organizers)
    {
    names.ensureCapacity(names.length() + organizers.size() * 13);
    for (String organizer : organizers) {
    if (names.length() > 0) {
    names.append(", ");
    }
    names.append(organizer);
    }
    }
    JAVA
    

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75. #DevFestCH
    Optimizing Moar – The Loop
    public StringBuilder addDfChOrganizer(StringBuilder names, List organizers)
    {
    names.ensureCapacity(names.length() + organizers.size() * 13);
    for (int i = 0; i < organizers.size(); i++) {
    String organizer = organizers.get(i);
    if (names.length() > 0) {
    names.append(", ");
    }
    names.append(organizer);
    }
    }
    JAVA
    

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76. #DevFestCH
    Optimizing Moar – The Loop
    public StringBuilder addDfChOrganizer(StringBuilder names, List organizers)
    {
    names.ensureCapacity(names.length() + organizers.size() * 13);
    for (int i = 0, organizersSize = organizers.size(); i < organizersSize; i++) {
    String organizer = organizers.get(i);
    if (names.length() > 0) {
    names.append(", ");
    }
    names.append(organizer);
    }
    }
    JAVA
    

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77. #DevFestCH
    Optimizing Moar – The Loop
    public StringBuilder addDfChOrganizer(StringBuilder names, List organizers)
    {
    final int size = organizers.size();
    names.ensureCapacity(names.length() + size * 13);
    for (int i = 0; i < size; i++) {
    String organizer = organizers.get(i);
    if (names.length() > 0) {
    names.append(", ");
    }
    names.append(organizer);
    }
    }
    JAVA
    

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78. #DevFestCH
    Optimizing Moar – The Loop
    public StringBuilder addDfChOrganizer(StringBuilder names, List organizers)
    {
    final int size = organizers.size();
    names.ensureCapacity(names.length() + size * 13);
    for (int i = 0; i < size; i++) {
    String organizer = organizers.get(i);
    names.append(organizer);
    names.append(", ");
    }
    names.substring(0, names.length()-1);
    }
    JAVA
    

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79. #DevFestCH
    Optimizing Method invocations
    

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80. #DevFestCH
    Optimizing Much Moar – Method Invocation
    public void onViewCreated(View view, Bundle savedInstanceState) {
    super.onViewCreated(view, savedInstanceState);
    text.setTextColor(attendee.isOrganizer() ?
    getResources().getColor(R.color.accent) :
    getResources().getColor(R.color.black));
    avatar.setImageResource(attendee.getAvatar());
    welcomeText.setText(getString(
    R.string.hello_world, attendee.name));
    }
    JAVA
    

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81. #DevFestCH
    Optimizing Much Moar – Method Invocation
    public void onViewCreated(View view, Bundle savedInstanceState) {
    super.onViewCreated(view, savedInstanceState);
    final Resources res = getResources();
    text.setTextColor(attendee.isOrganizer() ?
    res.getColor(R.color.accent) :
    res.getColor(R.color.black));
    avatar.setImageResource(attendee.getAvatar());
    welcomeText.setText(getString(
    R.string.hello_world, attendee.name));
    }
    JAVA
    

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82. #DevFestCH
    Optimizing Much Moar – Method Invocation
    public void onViewCreated(View view, Bundle savedInstanceState) {
    super.onViewCreated(view, savedInstanceState);
    final Resources res = getResources();
    text.setTextColor(attendee.isOrganizer() ?
    res.getColor(R.color.accent) :
    res.getColor(R.color.black));
    avatar.setImageResource(attendee.getAvatar());
    welcomeText.setText(res.getString(
    R.string.hello_world, attendee.name));
    }
    JAVA
    

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83. #DevFestCH
    Optimizing Access Methods
    

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84. #DevFestCH
    Optimizing Access Methods
    private Attendee attendee;
    public void onViewCreated(View view, Bundle savedInstanceState) {
    button.setOnClickListener(new OnClickListener() {
    @Override
    public void onClick(View v) {
    makeText(getContext(), getWelcomeTextFor(attendee.getName()),
    LENGTH_SHORT).show();
    }
    });
    }
    private String getWelcomeTextFor(String name) {
    return getResources().getString(R.string.welcome_text, name);
    }
    JAVA
    

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85. #DevFestCH
    Finding Access Methods
    https://github.com/JakeWharton/dex-method-list
    $ ./build/dex-method-list src/test/resources/one.apk
    …
    package.DfChScheduleFragment access$000(DfChScheduleFragment )
    package.DfChScheduleFragment access$100(DfChScheduleFragment , String)
    …
    CL
    

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86. #DevFestCH
    Optimizing Access Methods
    Attendee attendee;
    public void onViewCreated(View view, Bundle savedInstanceState) {
    button.setOnClickListener(new OnClickListener() {
    @Override
    public void onClick(View v) {
    makeText(getContext(), getWelcomeTextFor(attendee.getName()),
    LENGTH_SHORT).show();
    }
    });
    }
    String getWelcomeTextFor(String name) {
    return getResources().getString(R.string.welcome_text, name);
    }
    JAVA
    

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87. #DevFestCH
    Proguard/ Multidex
    

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88. #DevFestCH
    Proguard/ Multidex
    64k method limit
    

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89. #DevFestCH
    Proguard/ Multidex
    64k method limit
    Aggressive Proguard configs
    

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90. #DevFestCH
    Proguard/ Multidex
    64k method limit
    Aggressive Proguard configs
    Multidex
    

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91. #DevFestCH
    Proguard/ Multidex
    64k method limit
    Aggressive Proguard configs
    Multidex
    minSdk > 20 è fine
    

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92. #DevFestCH
    Proguard/ Multidex
    64k method limit
    Aggressive Proguard configs
    Multidex
    minSdk > 20 è fine
    minSdk < 21 è start up penalties
    

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93. Source: http://giphy.com/gifs/cute-kpop-secret-EXmJKDuBNNR16
    

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94. Source: http://giphy.com/gifs/description-shown-d23-of402MXFD9Mac
    

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95. Source: http://www.flickr.com/photos/21496790@N06/5065834411/
    

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96. #DevFestCH
    www.immobilienscout24.de
    Contact:
    +HasanHosgel
    alosdev
    Thanks for attending!
    We are Hiring! http://www.immobilienscout24.de/jobs
    https://speakerdeck.com/alosdev/perfmatters-for-android-devfest-
    switzerland-2016
    

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97. #DevFestCH
    

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98. #DevFestCH
    

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99. #DevFestCH
    

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100. #DevFestCH
     

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101. #DevFestCH
     www.immobilienscout24.de
     Contact:
     +HasanHosgel
     alosdev
     Thanks for attending!
     We are Hiring! http://www.immobilienscout24.de/jobs
     https://speakerdeck.com/alosdev/perfmatters-for-android-devfest-
     switzerland-2016
     

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102. #DevFestCH
     Sources
     • https://ssl.www8.hp.com/ww/en/secure/pdf/4aa5-7696enw.pdf
     • http://www.mobilejoomla.com/media/press/responsive-vs-
     serverside/Responsive-Design-vs-Server-Side-Solutions-
     Infographic.jpg
     • https://speakerdeck.com/jakewharton/eliminating-code-overhead-
     square-hq-2015
     • http://periplanisi.com/android/2013/11/multi-pass-viewgroup-
     and-performance/
     • https://slideshare.net/dougsillars/android-app-performance-
     europe-2015
     • https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLWz5rJ2EKKc9CBxr3BVjPT
     PoDPLdPIFCE
     

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