Performance Tools on Android

The Android ecosystem has a lot of tools to help us out when it comes to development. We all use Android Studio, gradle and adb, for instance. We need to, as these are essential tools for building our products. But what about the tools that help us diagnose problems in our apps? This session is all about asking 2 very common questions:

Why is my app stuttering or dropping below 60fps?

Why are my users telling me that my app drains their batteries?

Most of the times solving a problem means asking the right questions in order to find the right answers. So starting from these 2 questions, with concrete problem-code examples we will be using tools from Google to find our answers.

I don't want it to be a secret, so I'm telling you that the tools we will be using the most will be Traceview and Battery Historian. We will also be looking at Profiling GPU Rendering and Debugging Overdraw.

I know that these tools might look a bit scary or dull but I promise to keep it simple so that you walk away with information you can use at work the next day.

Presented at:
- Droidcon Romania 2016
- Codecamp Cluj Spring 2016

Transcript

1. Performance Tools
   Andrei Diaconu
   

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2. Andrei Diaconu
   

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3. Andrei Diaconu
   

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4. Andrei Diaconu
   

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5. Andrei Diaconu
   • Cofounder of Android Iași
   

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6. Andrei Diaconu
   • Cofounder of Android Iași
   • 5 years of Android
   

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7. Andrei Diaconu
   • Cofounder of Android Iași
   • 5 years of Android
   • Trainer & Speaker
   

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9. Why is my app dropping below 60fps?
   

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10. Why is my app dropping below 60fps?
    Why is my app draining the battery?
    

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11. Why is my app dropping below 60fps?
    

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12. Why is my app dropping below 60fps?
    

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13. Why is my app dropping below 60fps?
    • Simple list
    

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14. Why is my app dropping below 60fps?
    • Simple list
    • Items have some text
    

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15. Why is my app dropping below 60fps?
    • Simple list
    • Items have some text
    

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16. Why is my app dropping below 60fps?
    • Simple list
    • Items have some text
    • Scroll is not smooth
    

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17. • Scroll is not smooth
    

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18. • Scroll is not smooth
    Why?
    

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19. • Scroll is not smooth
    Why?
    Can we make sure?
    

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20. • Scroll is not smooth
    Why?
    Can we make sure?
    

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21. Can we make sure?
    

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22. Can we make sure?
    

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23. Can we make sure?
    

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24. Can we make sure?
    

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25. View Slide

26. Frames
    

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27. Frames
    Time
    

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28. Frames
    16ms line
    Time
    

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29. Frames
    16ms line
    Time
    Choreographer: Skipped 34 frames! The application
    may be doing too much work on its main thread.
    

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30. View Slide

31. Traceview
    

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32. Traceview
    • Measure how long each method takes to execute
    

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33. Traceview
    • Measure how long each method takes to execute
    • Analyse measurements using Traceview
    

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34. Traceview
    • Measure how long each method takes to execute
    

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35. Traceview
    //Start in OnResume

    Debug.startMethodTracing("bad_list");
    • Measure how long each method takes to execute
    

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36. Traceview
    //Start in OnResume

    Debug.startMethodTracing("bad_list");
    //Stop in OnPause

    Debug.stopMethodTracing();
    • Measure how long each method takes to execute
    

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37. Traceview
    //Start in OnResume

    Debug.startMethodTracing("bad_list");
    //Stop in OnPause

    Debug.stopMethodTracing();
    //Grab using adb

    adb pull
    • Measure how long each method takes to execute
    

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38. Traceview
    //Start in OnResume

    Debug.startMethodTracing("bad_list");
    //Stop in OnPause

    Debug.stopMethodTracing();
    //Grab using adb

    adb pull
    • Measure how long each method takes to execute
    //Grab using adb

    adb pull /sdcard/bad_list.trace bad_list.trace
    

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39. Traceview
    //Start in OnResume

    Debug.startMethodTracing("bad_list");
    //Stop in OnPause

    Debug.stopMethodTracing();
    //Grab using adb

    adb pull
    • Measure how long each method takes to execute
    //Needs permission
    WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE
    //Grab using adb

    adb pull /sdcard/bad_list.trace bad_list.trace
    

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40. Traceview
    //Start in OnResume

    Debug.startMethodTracing("bad_list");
    //Stop in OnPause

    Debug.stopMethodTracing();
    //Grab using adb

    adb pull
    • Measure how long each method takes to execute
    //Needs permission
    WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE
    //Grab using adb

    adb pull /sdcard/bad_list.trace bad_list.trace
    

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41. Traceview
    • Measure how long each method takes to execute
    

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42. Traceview
    • Measure how long each method takes to execute
    

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43. Traceview
    • Measure how long each method takes to execute
    • Analyse measurements using Traceview
    • Analyse measurements using Traceview
    

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44. Traceview
    • Measure how long each method takes to execute
    • Analyse measurements using Traceview
    • Analyse measurements using Traceview
    

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45. Traceview
    • Measure how long each method takes to execute
    • Analyse measurements using Traceview
    • Analyse measurements using Traceview
    

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46. Traceview
    • Measure how long each method takes to execute
    • Analyse measurements using Traceview
    • Analyse measurements using Traceview
    

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53. ~ 2 seconds
    

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54. ~ 200 ms
    

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55. Adaptor -> getView()
    ~ 200 ms
    

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57. inflate()
    

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58. inflate() 4 x Html.fromHtml()
    

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59. @Override

    public View getView(int position, View convertView, ViewGroup parent) {
    

    View view = LayoutInflater.from(parent.getContext())
    .inflate(R.layout.item_jumpy_list, parent, false);

    

    TextView text1 = (TextView) view.findViewById(R.id.item_text1);

    TextView text2 = (TextView) view.findViewById(R.id.item_text2);

    TextView text3 = (TextView) view.findViewById(R.id.item_text3);

    TextView text4 = (TextView) view.findViewById(R.id.item_text4);

    

    String string1 = parent.getContext().getString(R.string.item_number_x, position);

    String string2 = parent.getContext().getString(R.string.item_description);

    String string3 = parent.getContext().getString(R.string.item_details);

    String string4 = parent.getContext().getString(R.string.item_related);

    

    text1.setText(Html.fromHtml(string1));

    text2.setText(Html.fromHtml(string2));

    text3.setText(Html.fromHtml(string3));

    text4.setText(Html.fromHtml(string4));
    

    return view;

    }
    

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60. @Override

    public View getView(int position, View convertView, ViewGroup parent) {
    

    View view = LayoutInflater.from(parent.getContext())
    .inflate(R.layout.item_jumpy_list, parent, false);

    

    TextView text1 = (TextView) view.findViewById(R.id.item_text1);

    TextView text2 = (TextView) view.findViewById(R.id.item_text2);

    TextView text3 = (TextView) view.findViewById(R.id.item_text3);

    TextView text4 = (TextView) view.findViewById(R.id.item_text4);

    

    String string1 = parent.getContext().getString(R.string.item_number_x, position);

    String string2 = parent.getContext().getString(R.string.item_description);

    String string3 = parent.getContext().getString(R.string.item_details);

    String string4 = parent.getContext().getString(R.string.item_related);

    

    text1.setText(Html.fromHtml(string1));

    text2.setText(Html.fromHtml(string2));

    text3.setText(Html.fromHtml(string3));

    text4.setText(Html.fromHtml(string4));
    

    return view;

    }
    

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61. @Override

    public View getView(int position, View convertView, ViewGroup parent) {
    

    View view = LayoutInflater.from(parent.getContext())
    .inflate(R.layout.item_jumpy_list, parent, false);

    

    TextView text1 = (TextView) view.findViewById(R.id.item_text1);

    TextView text2 = (TextView) view.findViewById(R.id.item_text2);

    TextView text3 = (TextView) view.findViewById(R.id.item_text3);

    TextView text4 = (TextView) view.findViewById(R.id.item_text4);

    

    String string1 = parent.getContext().getString(R.string.item_number_x, position);

    String string2 = parent.getContext().getString(R.string.item_description);

    String string3 = parent.getContext().getString(R.string.item_details);

    String string4 = parent.getContext().getString(R.string.item_related);

    

    text1.setText(Html.fromHtml(string1));

    text2.setText(Html.fromHtml(string2));

    text3.setText(Html.fromHtml(string3));

    text4.setText(Html.fromHtml(string4));
    

    return view;

    }
    

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62. @Override

    public View getView(int position, View convertView, ViewGroup parent) {
    

    View view = LayoutInflater.from(parent.getContext())
    .inflate(R.layout.item_jumpy_list, parent, false);

    

    TextView text1 = (TextView) view.findViewById(R.id.item_text1);

    TextView text2 = (TextView) view.findViewById(R.id.item_text2);

    TextView text3 = (TextView) view.findViewById(R.id.item_text3);

    TextView text4 = (TextView) view.findViewById(R.id.item_text4);

    

    String string1 = parent.getContext().getString(R.string.item_number_x, position);

    String string2 = parent.getContext().getString(R.string.item_description);

    String string3 = parent.getContext().getString(R.string.item_details);

    String string4 = parent.getContext().getString(R.string.item_related);

    

    text1.setText(Html.fromHtml(string1));

    text2.setText(Html.fromHtml(string2));

    text3.setText(Html.fromHtml(string3));

    text4.setText(Html.fromHtml(string4));
    

    return view;

    }
    

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63. @Override

    public View getView(int position, View convertView, ViewGroup parent) {
    

    No recycling

    

    No View Holder

    

    

    Html.fromHtml is slow
    

    return view;

    }
    

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65. But 200ms?
    Isn't this a bit much?
    

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66. But 200ms?
    Isn't this a bit much?
    Method tracking has a big impact itself
    

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68. Systrace
    measure at kernel level
    

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69. Systrace
    

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70. Systrace
    

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71. Systrace
    

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72. Systrace
    

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73. Systrace
    It will run for 5 seconds
    Hit Ok and scroll the list
    

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74. View Slide

75. Alert: Inflation during ListView recycling
    Time spent: 103.545 ms
    ListView items inflated: 20
    

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81. @Override

    public View getView(int position, View convertView, ViewGroup parent) {

    

    View view = LayoutInflater.from(parent.getContext())
    .inflate(R.layout.item_jumpy_list, parent, false);

    

    

    

    TextView text1 = (TextView) view.findViewById(R.id.item_text1);

    TextView text2 = (TextView) view.findViewById(R.id.item_text2);

    TextView text3 = (TextView) view.findViewById(R.id.item_text3);

    TextView text4 = (TextView) view.findViewById(R.id.item_text4);

    

    

    String string1 = parent.getContext().getString(R.string.item_number_x, position);

    String string2 = parent.getContext().getString(R.string.item_description);

    String string3 = parent.getContext().getString(R.string.item_details);

    String string4 = parent.getContext().getString(R.string.item_related);

    

    

    text1.setText(Html.fromHtml(string1));

    text2.setText(Html.fromHtml(string2));

    text3.setText(Html.fromHtml(string3));

    text4.setText(Html.fromHtml(string4));

    

    

    return view;

    }
    

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82. @Override

    public View getView(int position, View convertView, ViewGroup parent) {

    Trace.beginSection("inflating");

    View view = LayoutInflater.from(parent.getContext())
    .inflate(R.layout.item_jumpy_list, parent, false);

    Trace.endSection();

    

    Trace.beginSection("noViewHolder");

    TextView text1 = (TextView) view.findViewById(R.id.item_text1);

    TextView text2 = (TextView) view.findViewById(R.id.item_text2);

    TextView text3 = (TextView) view.findViewById(R.id.item_text3);

    TextView text4 = (TextView) view.findViewById(R.id.item_text4);

    Trace.endSection();

    

    String string1 = parent.getContext().getString(R.string.item_number_x, position);

    String string2 = parent.getContext().getString(R.string.item_description);

    String string3 = parent.getContext().getString(R.string.item_details);

    String string4 = parent.getContext().getString(R.string.item_related);

    

    Trace.beginSection("fromHtml");

    text1.setText(Html.fromHtml(string1));

    text2.setText(Html.fromHtml(string2));

    text3.setText(Html.fromHtml(string3));

    text4.setText(Html.fromHtml(string4));

    Trace.endSection();

    

    return view;

    }
    

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84. View Slide

85. inflating
    

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86. inflating noViewHolder
    

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87. inflating noViewHolder
    fromHtml
    

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88. View Slide

89. • obtainView = ~5ms
    

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90. • obtainView = ~5ms
    • doFrame = ~20 * obtainView
    

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91. • obtainView = ~5ms
    • doFrame = ~20 * obtainView
    • each frame = ~100ms
    

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92. • obtainView = ~5ms
    • doFrame = ~20 * obtainView
    • each frame = ~100ms
    Alert: Inflation during ListView recycling
    Time spent: 103.545 ms
    ListView items inflated: 20
    

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94. Why is my app dropping below 60fps?
    

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95. Why is my app dropping below 60fps?
    Why is my app draining the battery?
    

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96. Why is my app draining the battery?
    

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97. Why is my app draining the battery?
    What is a wake lock?
    

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98. Why is my app draining the battery?
    

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99. Why is my app draining the battery?
    Battery Historian 2.0
    

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100. Why is my app draining the battery?
     Battery Historian 2.0
     

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101. Why is my app draining the battery?
     Battery Historian 2.0
     adb bugreport > bugreport.txt
     

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102. Why is my app draining the battery?
     Battery Historian 2.0
     adb bugreport > bugreport.txt
     go run battery-historian.go
     

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103. Why is my app draining the battery?
     Battery Historian 2.0
     adb bugreport > bugreport.txt
     go run battery-historian.go
     open http://127.0.0.1:9999
     

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120. public static class UselessWorker {

     Runnable uselessWorker = new Runnable() {

     @Override

     public void run() {

     PowerManager pm = (PowerManager) BadApplication.instance

     .getSystemService(Context.POWER_SERVICE);

     PowerManager.WakeLock wakeLock = 

     pm.newWakeLock(PowerManager.PARTIAL_WAKE_LOCK, "cool wakelock tag");

     wakeLock.acquire();

     

     //Some useless, but hard work

     

     wakeLock.release();

     try {

     Thread.sleep(45 * 1000);

     } catch (InterruptedException e) {

     e.printStackTrace();

     } finally {

     work();

     }

     }

     };

     

     private void work() {

     new Thread(uselessWorker, "cool thread name").start();

     }

     }
     public static class UselessWorker {

     Runnable uselessWorker = new Runnable() {

     @Override

     public void run() {

     PowerManager pm = (PowerManager) BadApplication.instance

     .getSystemService(Context.POWER_SERVICE);

     PowerManager.WakeLock wakeLock = 

     pm.newWakeLock(PowerManager.PARTIAL_WAKE_LOCK, "cool wakelock tag");

     wakeLock.acquire();

     

     //Some useless, but hard work

     

     wakeLock.release();

     try {

     Thread.sleep(45 * 1000);

     } catch (InterruptedException e) {

     e.printStackTrace();

     } finally {

     work();

     }

     }

     };

     

     private void work() {

     new Thread(uselessWorker, "cool thread name").start();

     }

     }
     

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121. public static class UselessWorker {

     Runnable uselessWorker = new Runnable() {

     @Override

     public void run() {

     PowerManager pm = (PowerManager) BadApplication.instance

     .getSystemService(Context.POWER_SERVICE);

     PowerManager.WakeLock wakeLock = 

     pm.newWakeLock(PowerManager.PARTIAL_WAKE_LOCK, "cool wakelock tag");

     wakeLock.acquire();

     

     //Some useless, but hard work

     

     wakeLock.release();

     try {

     Thread.sleep(45 * 1000);

     } catch (InterruptedException e) {

     e.printStackTrace();

     } finally {

     work();

     }

     }

     };

     

     private void work() {

     new Thread(uselessWorker, "cool thread name").start();

     }

     }
     public static class UselessWorker {

     Runnable uselessWorker = new Runnable() {

     @Override

     public void run() {

     PowerManager pm = (PowerManager) BadApplication.instance

     .getSystemService(Context.POWER_SERVICE);

     PowerManager.WakeLock wakeLock = 

     pm.newWakeLock(PowerManager.PARTIAL_WAKE_LOCK, "cool wakelock tag");

     wakeLock.acquire();

     

     //Some useless, but hard work

     

     wakeLock.release();

     try {

     Thread.sleep(45 * 1000);

     } catch (InterruptedException e) {

     e.printStackTrace();

     } finally {

     work();

     }

     }

     };

     

     private void work() {

     new Thread(uselessWorker, "cool thread name").start();

     }

     }
     

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122. public static class UselessWorker {

     Runnable uselessWorker = new Runnable() {

     @Override

     public void run() {

     PowerManager pm = (PowerManager) BadApplication.instance

     .getSystemService(Context.POWER_SERVICE);

     PowerManager.WakeLock wakeLock = 

     pm.newWakeLock(PowerManager.PARTIAL_WAKE_LOCK, "cool wakelock tag");

     wakeLock.acquire();

     

     //Some useless, but hard work

     

     wakeLock.release();

     try {

     Thread.sleep(45 * 1000);

     } catch (InterruptedException e) {

     e.printStackTrace();

     } finally {

     work();

     }

     }

     };

     

     private void work() {

     new Thread(uselessWorker, "cool thread name").start();

     }

     }
     public static class UselessWorker {

     Runnable uselessWorker = new Runnable() {

     @Override

     public void run() {

     PowerManager pm = (PowerManager) BadApplication.instance

     .getSystemService(Context.POWER_SERVICE);

     PowerManager.WakeLock wakeLock = 

     pm.newWakeLock(PowerManager.PARTIAL_WAKE_LOCK, "cool wakelock tag");

     wakeLock.acquire();

     

     //Some useless, but hard work

     

     wakeLock.release();

     try {

     Thread.sleep(45 * 1000);

     } catch (InterruptedException e) {

     e.printStackTrace();

     } finally {

     work();

     }

     }

     };

     

     private void work() {

     new Thread(uselessWorker, "cool thread name").start();

     }

     }
     

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123. public static class UselessWorker {

     Runnable uselessWorker = new Runnable() {

     @Override

     public void run() {

     PowerManager pm = (PowerManager) BadApplication.instance

     .getSystemService(Context.POWER_SERVICE);

     PowerManager.WakeLock wakeLock = 

     pm.newWakeLock(PowerManager.PARTIAL_WAKE_LOCK, "cool wakelock tag");

     wakeLock.acquire();

     

     //Some useless, but hard work

     

     wakeLock.release();

     try {

     Thread.sleep(45 * 1000);

     } catch (InterruptedException e) {

     e.printStackTrace();

     } finally {

     work();

     }

     }

     };

     

     private void work() {

     new Thread(uselessWorker, "cool thread name").start();

     }

     }
     public static class UselessWorker {

     Runnable uselessWorker = new Runnable() {

     @Override

     public void run() {

     PowerManager pm = (PowerManager) BadApplication.instance

     .getSystemService(Context.POWER_SERVICE);

     PowerManager.WakeLock wakeLock = 

     pm.newWakeLock(PowerManager.PARTIAL_WAKE_LOCK, "cool wakelock tag");

     wakeLock.acquire();

     

     //Some useless, but hard work

     

     wakeLock.release();

     try {

     Thread.sleep(45 * 1000);

     } catch (InterruptedException e) {

     e.printStackTrace();

     } finally {

     work();

     }

     }

     };

     

     private void work() {

     new Thread(uselessWorker, "cool thread name").start();

     }

     }
     

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124. ?
     ?
     Questions
     

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