Make your Android app fast again

Преждевременная оптимизация – корень всех зол. Но иногда оптимизация перестает быть преждевременной, и такие ситуации могут завести разработчика в тупик. Мы поговорим об общих проблемах перформанса, о том, как приступить к задаче оптимизации вашего приложения, а самое главное – разберем большое количество конкретных советов, которые вы можете использовать для отладки производительности, ускорения запуска приложения и увеличения fps.

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2. Make your Android app fast again Artur Vasilov, Android developer
4. 4 Colt McAnlis
5. 5 Bad performance
6. What & Why
7. Performance problems › Startup time › fps / freezing / … 7
8. 8 source: news.yandex.ru/
9. 9 https://events.google.com/io/schedule/?section=may-17&sid=__keynote__
10. My awesome feature #27 public class App extends Application { @Override public void onCreate() { super.onCreate(); // ... Lib25.init(this); Lib26.init(this); Lib27.init(this); } }
11. My awesome feature #27 appComponent = DaggerAppComponent.builder() // ... .featureModule25(new FeatureModule25()) .featureModule26(new FeatureModule26()) .featureModule27(new FeatureModule27()) .build();
12. Here we go – startup time
13. Startup time Application#onCreate => Launcher Activity onResume / View attach / your custom metrics 13
14. Startup time problems › Libraries initialization › Components creation › Layout inflating 14
15. Metrics public class App extends Application { @Override public void onCreate() { super.onCreate(); // ... Lib25.init(this); Lib26.init(this); Lib27.init(this); } } Синий цвет не правильный › Your eyes
16. Metrics long start = System.nanoTime(); someLongRunningMethodToMeasure(); long time = System.nanoTime() - start; Log.i("Profiling", "Execution time = " + time / 1_000_000 + "ms"); Синий цвет не правильный › Your eyes › System#nanoTime
17. Metrics › Your eyes › System#nanoTime › Users statistics 17
18. Metrics › Your eyes › System#nanoTime › Users statistics › Systrace 18
19. Metrics › Your eyes › System#nanoTime › Users statistics › Systrace › Other tools: Android Studio 3.0 Profilers, Traceview, … 19
20. Our test app › 10 Stub Libraries › 10 Stub “heavy” objects 20
21. Stub Lib public static void init(@NonNull Context context) { PerformanceUtils.sleepRandom(100, 200); initialized = true; } public static void start() { if (!initialized) { throw new IllegalStateException("You have to initialize Lib6 first"); } App.getAppComponent().getLib6Class().doSomeAction(); }
22. “Heavy” class public class Lib6Class { public Lib6Class() { PerformanceUtils.sleepRandom(40, 100); } public void doSomeAction() { PerformanceUtils.logMessage("Do some action called from Lib6Class"); } }
23. Step by step
24. Steps 0. No I/O work in Main Thread 24
25. StrictMode StrictMode.ThreadPolicy threadPolicy = new StrictMode.ThreadPolicy.Builder() .detectDiskReads() .detectDiskWrites() .detectCustomSlowCalls() .detectNetwork() .penaltyLog() .penaltyDeath() .build(); StrictMode.setThreadPolicy(threadPolicy);
26. StrictMode StrictMode.ThreadPolicy threadPolicy = new StrictMode.ThreadPolicy.Builder() .detectAll() .penaltyLog() .penaltyDialog() .penaltyFlashScreen() .build(); StrictMode.setThreadPolicy(threadPolicy);
27. Annotations / Asserts @WorkerThread public void longRunningMethod() { assertNotMainThread(); // ... }
28. Steps 0. No I/O work in Main Thread 1. Run systrace 28
29. Systrace? Systrace! 29
30. Systrace? 30
31. Trace @Override public void onCreate() { super.onCreate(); Trace.beginSection("Init libraries"); Lib1.init(this); Lib2.init(this); // ... Lib10.init(this); Trace.endSection(); }
32. More traces public static void init(@NonNull Context context) { Trace.beginSection("Init Lib1"); PerformanceUtils.sleepRandom(100, 200); initialized = true; Trace.endSection(); }
33. Systrace python systrace.py --time=5 --app=ru.arturvasilov.performance.sample -o /Users/avasilov/trace.html
34. Systrace! 34
35. Trace… › Traces could be time-consuming › Special build / proguard › aspectJ…? 35
36. Systrace!!! So much Systrace!!! 36
37. Steps 0. No I/O work in Main Thread 1. Run systrace 2. Asynchronous initialization 37
38. Asynchronous initialization @Override public void onCreate() { super.onCreate(); executorService = Executors.newFixedThreadPool(3); executorService.execute(() -> Lib5.init(this)); executorService.execute(() -> Lib6.init(this)); // ... executorService.execute(() -> Lib10.init(this)); Trace.beginSection("Init libraries"); Lib1.init(this); // ... Lib4.init(this); Trace.endSection(); }
39. Asynchronous initialization 39
40. Steps 0. No I/O work in Main Thread 1. Run systrace 2. Asynchronous initialization 3. Warm up 40
41. Warm up executorService.execute(() -> { Lib5.init(this); getAppComponent().getLib5Class(); }); executorService.execute(() -> { Lib6.init(this); getAppComponent().getLib6Class(); }); // ...
42. Steps 0. No I/O work in Main Thread 1. Run systrace 2. Asynchronous initialization 3. Warm up 4. Don’t break concurrency 42
43. Concurrency problem public static void init(@NonNull Context context) { PerformanceUtils.sleepRandom(100, 200); initialized = true; } public static void start() { if (!initialized) { throw new IllegalStateException("You have to initialize Lib1 first"); } App.getAppComponent().getLib1Class().doSomeAction(); }
44. Solution › Checks / initialization callbacks › Blocking wait 44
45. Steps 0. No I/O work in Main Thread 1. Run systrace 2. Asynchronous initialization 3. Warm up 4. Don’t break concurrency 5. Provider<T> / Lazy<T> 45
46. Dependencies @Module(includes = {Module1.class, Module8.class}) public class DependentModule { @NonNull @Singleton @Provides DependentClass provideDependentClass(@NonNull Lib1Class lib1Class, @NonNull Lib8Class lib8Class) { return new DependentClass(lib1Class, lib8Class); } }
47. Provider<T> @Module(includes = {Module1.class, Module8.class}) public class DependentModule { @NonNull @Singleton @Provides DependentClass provideDependentClass(@NonNull Provider<Lib1Class> lib1ClassProvider, @NonNull Provider<Lib8Class> lib8ClassProvider) { return new DependentClass(lib1ClassProvider, lib8ClassProvider); } }
48. Lazy<T> @Module(includes = {Module1.class, Module8.class}) public class DependentModule { @NonNull @Singleton @Provides DependentClass provideDependentClass(@NonNull Lazy<Lib1Class> lib1ClassLazy, @NonNull Lazy<Lib8Class> lib8ClassLazy) { return new DependentClass(lib1ClassLazy, lib8ClassLazy); } }
49. Steps 1. Run systrace 2. Asynchronous initialization 3. Warm up 4. Don’t break concurrency 5. Provider<T> / Lazy<T> 6. Experiments 49
50. Experiments › Thread pool size › Thread priority › Initialization order › More laziness 50
51. Steps 2. Asynchronous initialization 3. Warm up 4. Don’t break concurrency 5. Provider<T> / Lazy<T> 6. Experiments 7. Look at your systrace again and optimize everything you can 51
52. Working fast
53. Working fast problems › Long-running operations (the same thing) › Layout inflating & all about that 53
54. Inflating problems › Complicated layouts › Lots of layouts › android:src 54
55. ConstraintLayout ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? 55
56. ImageView <ImageView android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="match_parent" android:src="@drawable/large_image"/>
57. Prefetch & cache ContextCompat.getDrawable(this, R.drawable.large_image);
58. Improve inflating › View pool / prefetch › ViewStub › AsyncLayoutInflater 58
59. ViewStub <ViewStub android:id="@+id/complex_stub" android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="@dimen/control_panel_height" android:layout="@layout/complex_layout"/>
60. ViewStub ViewStub viewStub = findViewById(R.id.complex_stub); viewStub.inflate();
61. AsyncLayoutInflater AsyncLayoutInflater inflater = new AsyncLayoutInflater(this); inflater.inflate(R.layout.complex_layout, parent, (view, resid, viewParent) -> { if (viewParent != null) { viewParent.addView(view); } });
62. Android is not ideal 62
63. And finally 1. Optimize your app 2. Go to step 1 63
64. And finally 1. Optimize your app 2. Go to step 1 64 Image source: http://roonby.com/2015/11/10/5-ways-to-improve-your-android-performance/
65. Sample https://github.com/ArturVasilov/PerformanceSample 65
66. avasilov@yandex-team.ru Make your Android app fast again Artur Vasilov Android developer ArturVasilov ArturVasilov VasilovArtur