Kotlin: What you need to know

Kotlin is a cross-platform, statically typed, general-purpose programming language, it is also JVM based language developed by JetBrains as described before, a company known for the creation of IntelliJ IDEA, a powerful IDE for Java development. In Kotlin everything is an Object.

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1. This work is licensed under the Apache 2 license.
   This work is licensed under the Apache 2 license.
   Android Development with Kotlin v1.0 1
   Kotlin: What you
   need to know
   1
   1
   Umar Saidu Auna
   Software Engineer, gidimo
   tech community Organizer
   umarauna
   November 24, 2021
   

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3. What mostly happen to JAVA programmers before Kotlin
   

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4. otlin history
   

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5. History
   Kotlin is a cross-platform, statically typed, general-purpose
   programming language and runs on the JVM
   

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6. History
   Kotlin is a cross-platform, statically typed, general-purpose
   programming language and runs on the JVM.
   Kotlin was developed by JetBrains (Makers of IntelliJ)
   

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7. History
   Kotlin is a cross-platform, statically typed, general-purpose programming language and
   runs on the JVM.
   Kotlin was developed by JetBrains (Makers of IntelliJ)
   First commit dates back to 2010, but was first publicly seen around 2011.
   

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8. History - Why did Google make it official?
   Awesome features - nullable types, concise, data classes, etc.
   Great community support
   There was an overwhelming request for Kotlin
   official support on Android
   

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9. otlin What?
   

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10. What is Kotlin
    Kotlin is a cross-platform, statically typed, general-purpose programming
    language, it is also JVM based language developed by JetBrains as
    described before, a company known for the creation of IntelliJ IDEA, a
    powerful IDE for Java development. In Kotlin everything is an Object.
    

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11. What is Kotlin
    Kotlin is a cross-platform, statically typed, general-purpose programming
    language, it is also JVM based language developed by JetBrains as
    described before, a company known for the creation of IntelliJ IDEA, a
    powerful IDE for Java development. In Kotlin everything is an Object.
    Kotlin is very intuitive and easy to learn for Java developers
    (give it 10 days trials and you wont regret).
    

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12. What is Kotlin
    Kotlin is a cross-platform, statically typed, general-purpose programming
    language, it is also JVM based language developed by JetBrains as
    described before, a company known for the creation of IntelliJ IDEA, a
    powerful IDE for Java development. In Kotlin everything is an Object.
    Kotlin is very intuitive and easy to learn for Java developers
    (give it 10 days trials and you wont regret).
    Its more expressive & safer
    

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13. What is Kotlin
    Kotlin is a cross-platform, statically typed, general-purpose programming
    language, it is also JVM based language developed by JetBrains as
    described before, a company known for the creation of IntelliJ IDEA, a
    powerful IDE for Java development. In Kotlin everything is an Object.
    Kotlin is very intuitive and easy to learn for Java developers
    (give it 10 days trials and you wont regret).
    Its more expressive & safer
    Its highly interoperable
    

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14. otlin interesting
    features
    

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15. “In Kotlin, everything is an object
    (reference type), we don’t find primitives
    types as the ones we can use in
    Java……...”
    

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16. #1 Fastest growing language
    

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17. Companies Using Kotlin
    

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18. Companies Using Kotlin
    

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19. Job requirements
    

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21. http://bit.ly/kotlin-image-carousel
    implemeantation 'com.github.UmarAuna:Carousels-Kotlin:0.0.2'
    

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22. Kotlin sample code…..
    fun main(args: Array){
    //your code goes here
    }
    

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23. Kotlin 1.3 no more (args: Array)
    fun main(){
    // your code goes here
    }
    

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26. Null Safety - nullable types and non-nullable types
    Tony Hoare, one of the creators of the programming language ALGOL.
    Protects against NullPointerException the $1,000,000,000 mistake
    

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27. Null Safety - nullable types and non-nullable types
    Tony Hoare, one of the creators of the programming language ALGOL.
    Protects against NullPointerException the $1,000,000,000 mistake
    // compiler error
    var name: String A non-nullable object can’t be null
    name = null
    

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28. Null Safety - nullable types and non-nullable types
    Tony Hoare, one of the creators of the programming language ALGOL.
    Protects against NullPointerException the $1,000,000,000 mistake
    // compiler error
    var name: String A non-nullable object can’t be null
    name = null
    // compiler error Specify a nullable object by using “?”
    var name: String?
    val length = name.length Kotlin ensures that you don’t mistakenly operate on nullable objects
    

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30. Null Safety - Accessing properties in a nullable object
    1. Checking for null types
    // handle non-null case and null case
    var name: String? = null
    val length = if (name != null) name.length else 0
    

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31. Null Safety - Accessing properties in a nullable object
    2. Making safe calls using “?.”
    //use ?. to make safe call
    var name: String?
    ...
    val length = name?.length
    Use ?. to safely access a property/method on a
    nullable object
    If name happens to be null, the value of length is 0
    (inferred integer).
    length would be null if it were of another type.
    

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32. Null Safety - Accessing properties in a nullable object
    3. Making use of the “?:” elvis operator
    //use elvis operator
    var name: String?
    val length = name?.length ?: 0
    This reads as “if name is not null, use
    name.length else use 0
    Elvis Presley. His hairstyle resembles a Question Mark
    

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33. Null Safety - Accessing properties in a nullable object
    4. Making use of the “!!” assertion operator
    //use assertion operator
    var name: String? = null
    val length = name!!.length
    This reads as “if name is not null, use
    name.length else throw a null pointer
    exception”
    

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34. Null Safety - Accessing properties in a nullable object
    4. Making use of the “!!” assertion operator
    //use elvis operator
    var name: String? = null
    val length = name!!.length
    This reads as “if name is not null, use
    name.length else throw a null pointer
    exception”
    Be very careful with this operator!!!
    

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35. Null Safety - NPE free!
    You can only have the NullPointerException in Kotlin if:
    1. You explicitly throw a NPE
    2. You make use of the !! operator
    3. An external Java code causes the NPE.
    

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36. String Interpolation / template in Kotlin
    fun hello(name: String) {
    println("Hello, $name")
    }
    

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37. String Interpolation in Java + Kotlin
    void hello(String name) {
    System.out.println("Hello, " + name);
    }
    

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38. Immutability
    Kotlin helps developers to be intentional about immutability.
    Immutability simply means that things you create can’t be changed.
    We need immutability because it:
    ● helps us with thread safety - no synchronization issues
    ● is good for value objects - objects that simply hold value, POJOs etc.
    ● helps debugging threaded applications without losing your hair
    

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39. Immutability
    How does it work in Java?
    ● Immutability in Java?
    final classes
    private fields
    no setters
    ● Immutability in Kotlin? Guess?
    

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40. Immutability
    How does Kotlin help?
    var vs val
    // compiler error: val cannot be reassigned
    val name = "Umar"
    name = name.toUpperCase()
    // works fine
    var name = "Umar"
    name = name.toUpperCase()
    

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41. Immutability
    How does Kotlin help?
    Immutable and Mutable collections
    // immutable collection
    val unchangeableHobbies = listOf("coding", "hiking")
    unchangeableHobbies.add() // add method doesn’t exist
    // mutable collection
    val changeableHobbies = mutableListOf("reading", "running")
    changeableHobbies.add("travelling") // you can add
    

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42. Immutability
    In Java vs Kotlin
    public final class ImmutableClassJava {
    private final String name;
    private final int age;
    public ImmutableClassJava(String name, int age) {
    this.name = name;
    this.age = age;
    }
    // no setters
    public String getName() {
    return name;
    }
    public int getAge() {
    return age;
    }
    }
    class ImmutableClassJava(val name: String, val age: Int)
    ● Class is final by default
    ● val implies that the parameters are
    final as well (values can’t be assigned)
    

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43. Functions
    // function sample
    fun sampleFunc() {
    // code goes here
    }
    A function is declared using the “fun”
    keyword
    

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44. Functions
    // function sample
    fun sampleFunc() {
    // code goes here
    }
    // function with param
    fun sampleFuncWithParam(param: String) {
    // code goes here
    }
    A function is declared using the “fun”
    keyword
    Method parameters use the “name:Type”
    notation
    

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45. Functions
    // function sample
    fun sampleFunc() {
    // code goes here
    }
    // function with param
    fun sampleFuncWithParam(param: String) {
    // code goes here
    }
    // func with param and return type
    fun capitalize(param: String): String {
    return param.toUpperCase()
    }
    A function is declared using the “fun”
    keyword
    Method parameters use the “name:Type”
    notation
    Return types are specified after the
    method definition.
    

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46. Functions - infix functions
    // infix function
    infix fun Int.times(x: Int): Int {
    return this * x
    }
    We can use the function as an arithmetic operator, i.e.,
    using it without writing dots and parentheses.
    

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47. Functions - infix functions
    // infix function
    infix fun Int.times(x: Int): Int {
    return this * x
    }
    // usage
    fun useInfix() {
    val product = 2 times 5
    println(product)
    }
    We can use the function as an arithmetic operator, i.e.,
    using it without writing dots and parentheses.
    

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48. Functions - extension functions
    // extension function
    fun Int.square(): Int {
    return this * this
    }
    Extension function is a member function of a class that is
    defined outside the class
    

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49. Functions - extension functions
    // extension function
    fun Int.square(): Int {
    return this * this
    }
    fun useExtension() {
    val square = 2.square()
    println(square)
    }
    Extension function is a member function of a class that is
    defined outside the class
    // usage
    

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50. Functions
    Others:
    ● Higher order functions
    ● Lambdas
    ● Inline functions etc.
    

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52. Iterators
    Java Kotlin
    

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53. When Expression
    

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54. otlin conciseness
    

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55. Conciseness in Kotlin
    public void doSomething() {
    // do something
    }
    fun doSomething(): Unit {
    // do same thing
    }
    

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56. Conciseness in Kotlin
    public void doSomething() {
    // do something
    }
    fun doSomething(): Unit {
    // do same thing
    }
    

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57. Conciseness in Kotlin
    public void doSomething() {
    // do something
    }
    fun doSomething() {
    // do same thing
    }
    

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58. Conciseness in Kotlin
    public String getName() {
    return name;
    }
    fun getName(): String {
    return name
    }
    

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59. Conciseness in Kotlin
    public String getName() {
    return name;
    }
    fun getName() {
    return name
    }
    

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60. Conciseness in Kotlin
    public String getName() {
    return name;
    }
    fun getName() = name
    

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62. otlin class
    

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63. Class in Java vs Data Class in Kotlin
    public class Person {
    private String name;
    String getName () {
    return name;
    }
    void setName (String name) {
    this.name = name;
    }
    @Override
    public String toString () {
    return "Person{" +
    "name='" + name + '\'' +
    '}';
    }
    }
    data class Person(val name: String)
    

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64. Class in Java vs Regular Class in Kotlin
    public class Person {
    private String name;
    String getName () {
    return name;
    }
    void setName (String name) {
    this.name = name;
    }
    public int getNameLength () {
    return name.length
    }
    }
    class Person(name: String) {
    var name: String
    get() = name
    set(name) {
    this.name = name
    }
    fun getNameLength(): Int {
    return name.length
    }
    }
    

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65. Class in Java vs Regular Class in Kotlin
    public class Person {
    private String name;
    String getName () {
    return name;
    }
    void setName (String name) {
    this.name = name;
    }
    public int getNameLength () {
    return name.length
    }
    }
    class Person(name: String) {
    var name: String
    get() = name
    set(name) {
    this.name = name
    }
    fun getNameLength() = name.length
    }
    

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67. otlin: getting started
    

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68. Important place to learn…….
    

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69. Important place to learn…….
    Tutorials Point - Kotlin
    

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70. Important place to learn…….
    Tutorials Point - Kotlin
    Kotlin for Android Developers – Antonio Leiva
    

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71. Important place to learn…….
    Tutorials Point - Kotlin
    Kotlin for Android Developers – Antonio Leiva
    Koans online – try.kotl.in/koans
    

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72. Important place to learn…….
    Tutorials Point - Kotlin
    Kotlin for Android Developers – Antonio Leiva
    Koans online – try.kotl.in/koans
    Kotlin Bootcamp for Programmers - Udacity
    

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73. Important place to learn…….
    Tutorials Point - Kotlin
    Kotlin for Android Developers – Antonio Leiva
    Koans online – try.kotl.in/koans
    Kotlin Bootcamp for Programmers - Udacity
    https://developer.android.com/kotlin/learn
    

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74. Compilations
    

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76. IDE’s
    

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77. Build Tools
    

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78. Stay updated…….
    Kotlin Weekly
    http://www.kotlinweekly.net/
    Kotlin Conf
    kotlinconf.com
    

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79. Summary
    • Interoperable with Java (100%)
    • Reduces Boilerplate code
    • Object-Oriented and procedural
    • Safety code
    • No Semicolon
    • Expands your skillset
    • Perfect Support with Android Studio & Gradle
    • Very easy to get started with Android Development
    

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80. otlin: libraries
    

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81. Reduces Boilerplates codes like:
    findViewById, Async, build interfaces
    with Kotlin code etc
    

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82. Kotlin Android Extension it includes a view
    binder. The plugin automatically creates a set
    of properties that give direct access to all the
    views in the XML.
    

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83. Async Server - Client
    

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84. Finally
    1
    You have 3 Options..
    Decide Kotlin is not
    For you and continue
    with Java
    

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85. Finally
    1
    You have 3 Options..
    Decide Kotlin is not
    For you and continue
    with Java
    Try to learn
    everything
    on your own
    2
    

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86. Finally
    1
    You have 3 Options..
    Decide Kotlin is not
    For you and continue
    with Java
    3
    Go and learn on
    MOOC websites
    Try to learn
    everything
    on your own
    2
    

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87. This work is licensed under the Apache 2 license.
    This work is licensed under the Apache 2 license.
    Android Development with Kotlin v1.0 87
    Questions?
    Thank you!
    87
    87
    Umar Saidu Auna
    Software Engineer, gidimo
    tech community Organizer
    umarauna
    

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